Search results for "Feces"

showing 10 items of 313 documents

Interplay between Intestinal Bacterial Communities and Unicellular Parasites in a Morbidly Obese Population: A Neglected Trinomial

2022

Obesity is an epidemic causing a metabolic health crisis. Herein, the interactions between the gut prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities, metabolic comorbidities and diet were studied. Stool samples from 56 subjects, 47 with type III obesity and 9 with type II obesity and cardiovascular risk or metabolic disease, were assessed for the richness, diversity and ecology of the bacterial gut community through metagenomics, together with the study of the presence of common unicellular eukaryote parasites (Blastocystis sp., Dientamoeba fragilis and Giardia intestinalis) by qPCR. Clinical information regarding metabolic comorbidities and non-alcoholic hepatic fatty liver disease was gathered. To a…

Nutrition and DieteticsBacteriaMicrobiologiaObesity Morbidobesity; eukaryotic microbiota; <i>Blastocystis</i> sp.; <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>; <i>Dientamoeba fragilis</i>; metabolic markers; dietFecesDiabetes Mellitus Type 2BlastocystisAnimalsHumansObesitatParasitesFood ScienceDieta d'aprimament
researchProduct

A whey-predominant formula induces fecal microbiota similar to that found in breast-fed infants

2007

To compare the effects of a whey-predominant infant formula and breast milk on the gut microbiota, growth, and tolerance of infants, we conducted an open, prospective, parallel-group study in healthy newborn infants. A total of 60 infants were enrolled, and 55 completed the study. Of the 55 infants, 21 were breast-fed and 34 were fed a whey-predominant study formula that had low phosphate concentration (31 mg/100 kcal), was reduced in protein (1.8 g/100 kcal or 0.43 g/kJ), had lactose as the sole carbohydrate source, and had an amino acid profile and buffering capacity similar to that of human milk. At 30 and 60 days of age, fecal bacterial counts were determined using fluorescence in situ …

Nutrition and DieteticsEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismfood and beveragesBreast milkBiologyGut florabiology.organism_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundfluids and secretionsEndocrinologyInfant formulachemistryLactobacillusFood scienceLactoseBreast feedingFecesBifidobacteriumNutrition Research
researchProduct

Usefulness of complementary test in the study of patients with chronic abdominal pain.

2021

Introduction: Chronic abdominal pain (CAP) in children is a symptom that frequently leads to a visit to the paediatrician, which affects family life and occasionally requires the need to perform diagnostic studies (DS). The objective was to carry out a qualitative, quantitative, and economic analysis on the tests requested. Material and methods: An observational, prospective and multicentre study was conducted that included children between 4–15 years old affected by CAP. The difference between organic and functional disorders was taken into account. The following variables were collected: history, warning signs and symptoms, DS, and the cost of these. Results: The study included 235 childr…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentOrganic diseasePediatricsRJ1-570Very frequent03 medical and health sciencesFeces0302 clinical medicine030225 pediatricsManagement of Technology and InnovationEconomic costMedicineHumansProspective StudiesChildNiñosPruebas complementariasBreath testmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryDiagnostic Tests RoutineDolor abdominal crónicoDolor abdominal funcionalDiagnosis of exclusionFamily lifeEndoscopyAbdominal PainBreath TestsChild PreschoolObservational studybusinessAnales de pediatria
researchProduct

Diarrhoe bei 1337 Kindern der Universitätsklinik Mainz: Bedeutung von Salmonellen und Rotaviren

1993

In Germany, infectious diseases cause little mortality, but they are responsible for a large proportion of morbidity. In order to obtain data about the relevance of infectious diarrhea, the charts of 1337 outpatients, hospitalized for this disorder in the time between 1986-1989 at the Children's Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, were analyzed. Sixty-seven percent of patients were younger than one year. An offending organism could be isolated in 42.1% of patients, with Rotaviruses being the leading cause of diarrhea (415 cases), followed by Salmonella spp. (130 cases). Rotavirus-disease was mainly seen in winter, Salmonella-disease in late summer and in autumn. Severe courses of…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtySalmonellaCross-sectional studybusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)medicine.disease_causeSurgeryDiarrheaEl NiñoRotavirusPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthEpidemiologymedicinemedicine.symptombusinessFecesKlinische Pädiatrie
researchProduct

Intestinal transport in constipation and diarrhoea.

1988

Approximatively 10 liters of fluid enter the gastrointestinal tract with food and endogenous secretions, and only less than 100 ml or 1% leave it with the faeces. Minor changes of this equilibrium in the intestinal transport may cause diarrhoea or constipation. Functions of small and large intestine differ markedly in transport of electrolytes and water. The relatively leaky epithelium of the small intestine allows for rapid equilibrium of osmolality in both directions while the tight epithelium of the colon preserves electrolytes and water once they have been absorbed. It may compensate secretory diarrhoea of the small intestine for instance caused by bacterial toxins to a certain degree u…

PharmacologyDiarrheamedicine.medical_specialtyGastrointestinal tractNeurotransmitter AgentsConstipationbusiness.industryBiological Transport ActiveGeneral MedicineWater-Electrolyte BalanceGastroenterologyIntestinal absorptionIntestinal AbsorptionInternal medicinemedicineHumansIntestinal transportWater-Electrolyte Balancesense organsChloride secretionmedicine.symptomSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPasebusinessConstipationFecesPharmacology
researchProduct

Synthese, Verteilung und Ausscheidung von 14C markiertem 2-Phenyl-3-methyl-tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin (Preludin)

1958

A radioactive preludin preparation, C14 labelled on the 2-carbon of the tetrahydrooxazine ring, was injected into mice in doses of 100 mg/kg s.c. and rats in doses of 10 mg/kg i.v. The radioactivity of the tissues and excreta was followed for 48 hours. An activity concentration surpassing the average body concentration was obtained for a short time in the lungs and for a longer time in kidneys, liver and in the wall of stomach and small intestine. 95–99% of the total activity is found in the urine. The kidney excretion is virtually finished at the end of 8 hours; 1–5% appear after the 8th hour in faeces. No radioactivity was obtained from the expired CO2. The main excretion organs are kidne…

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtyKidneyChemistryStomachGeneral MedicineUrineSmall intestineExcretionmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyInternal medicineActivity concentrationmedicineEnterohepatic circulationFecesNaunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv f�r Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie
researchProduct

Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions

2015

The authors wish to thank Dr R Simpson and Dr D Taylor for critical reading of the manuscript and acknowledge the Horizon 2020 European Cooperation in Science and Technology programme and its support of our European Network on Microvesicles and Exosomes in Health & Disease (ME-HaD; BM1202 www.cost.eu/COST_Actions/bmbs/Actions/BM1202). In the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication, both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This is due to their capacity to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, thereby influencing various physiological and pathological functions of both recipient and parent cells. While intensive invest…

ProteomicsCellular distributionMATURE DENDRITIC CELLSReviewReview ArticleUrineEmbryo developmentMonocyteProtein processingVascular biologyFecesVesícules seminalsSYNCYTIOTROPHOBLAST MICROVILLOUS MEMBRANESCell selectionPregnancyT lymphocyteBileCELL-DERIVED EXOSOMESBiogenesisLung lavageUterus fluidInnate immunityMale genital systemlcsh:CytologyMicrovesicleOUTER-MEMBRANE VESICLESBlood clottingprokaryoteEukaryotaExtracellular vesicleRNA analysisCell biologyBloodCerebrospinal fluidLiver metabolismmicrovesicleMorphogenHumanNervous systemCell signalingBreast milkNatural killer cellFisiologiaExtracellular vesiclesExosomelcsh:QH573-671SalivaBiologyBiology and Life SciencesDNAPlantRNA transportCell functionMacrophageMolecular biologyPhysiologyMedizinProteomicsFACTOR PATHWAY INHIBITOReukaryoteProtein glycosylationExtracellular spaceTissue repairEspai extracel·lularReticulocyteSeminal plasmaMesenchymal stem cellAntigen presenting cellSeminal vesiclesNose mucusBiofilmNeutrophilMicroRNAPLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONSLipidAmnion fluidProkaryotamicroparticleCell interactionCell transporteukaryote exosome extracellular vesicle microparticle microvesicle physiology prokaryoteBone mineralizationMicroorganismHistologyAdaptive immunityMembrane vesicleComputational biologyMembrane receptorBiologyStressCell communicationMast cellMESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLSHUMAN ENDOTHELIAL-CELLSexosomeCytokineSynovial fluidCell BiologyNonhumanIMMUNE-MODULATORY FEATURESReview articleDNA contentphysiologyRNAINTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLSextracellular vesicleBody fluidLectinBiogenesis
researchProduct

Proteomic analysis of Strongyloides stercoralis L3 larvae

2010

SUMMARYStrongyloidiasis can be perpetuated by autoinfection with the filariform larvae L3, causing asymptomatic chronic infections and creating a population of carriers, affecting not only developing countries. So far, very little is known about the proteins that interact with the human host, and few proteins from the infective Strongyloides stercoralis L3 have been characterized. Here, we report results obtained from a proteomic analysis of the proteins from S. stercoralis L3 larvae obtained from patients. Since the genome of S. stercoralis is not yet available, we used proteomic analysis to identify 26 different proteins, 13 of them released by short digestion with trypsin, which could re…

ProteomicsPopulationBiologyProteomicsGenomeGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHost-Parasite InteractionsMicrobiologyStrongyloides stercoralisFecesproteomicsmedicineAnimalsHumansParasite hostingHelminthseducationeducation.field_of_studyHelminth Proteinsmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationhost-parasite interactionInfectious DiseasesStrongyloidiasisSpainLarvaChronic DiseaseImmunologyProteomeStrongyloidiasisStrongyloides stercoralis larvaeAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologyStrongyloides stercoralis
researchProduct

Infection risks of city canal swimming events in the Netherlands in 2016.

2018

Introduction Swimming events in city canals are gaining popularity in the Netherlands, even though canal water is usually not officially designated for recreational use. Knowledge regarding the risk of infection after swimming in canals is limited. An outbreak was reported in 2015 following a canal swimming event in Utrecht, the Netherlands. Local governments were concerned about the health risks of such events. In order to assess the safety of canal swimming, the Public Health Service (PHS) prospectively investigated two city canal swimming events in 2015. In 2016, we repeated this study, aiming to prospectively determine the risks of infection during two urban swimming events, the Utrecht…

QuestionnairesRNA virusesMaleRotavirus0301 basic medicinePhysiologylcsh:MedicineTransportationPathology and Laboratory MedicineDisease OutbreaksFeces0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicine and Health SciencesMedicineProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicinelcsh:ScienceNetherlandsMultidisciplinaryRisk of infectionGastrointestinal AnalysisTransportation InfrastructurePollutionBacterial PathogensGastroenteritisCommunity-Acquired InfectionsDiarrheaBioassays and Physiological AnalysisResearch DesignMedical MicrobiologyViral PathogensVirusesAcute DiseaseEngineering and TechnologyFemalePathogensmedicine.symptomWater MicrobiologyResearch ArticleAdultInfection riskEnvironmental Engineering030106 microbiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyCivil EngineeringRisk AssessmentCalicivirusesPublic health service03 medical and health sciencesotorhinolaryngologic diseasesHumansCitiesMicrobial PathogensSwimmingSurvey ResearchBacteriaBiological Locomotionbusiness.industryWater PollutionNoroviruslcsh:ROrganismsUrban HealthBiology and Life SciencesOutbreakSmall sampleRelative riskNorovirus Genogroup IICanalslcsh:Qsense organsbusinesshuman activitiesEnterococcusDemography
researchProduct

Human norovirus binding to select bacteria representative of the human gut microbiota

2016

Recent reports describe the ability of select bacterial strains to bind human norovirus, although the specificity of such interactions is unknown. The purpose of this work was to determine if a select group of bacterial species representative of human gut microbiota bind to human norovirus, and if so, to characterize the intensity and location of that binding. The bacteria screened included naturally occurring strains isolated from human stool (Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Bacillus spp., Enterococcus faecium and Hafnia alvei) and select reference strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter cloacae). Binding in PBS was evaluated to three human norovirus strains (GII.4 New Orleans 2…

RNA viruses0301 basic medicinePhysiologyvirusesEnterococcus faeciumFimbrialcsh:MedicineBacillusPathology and Laboratory Medicinemedicine.disease_causePilusFecesBinding AnalysisCitrobacterKlebsiellaMedicine and Health SciencesElectron Microscopylcsh:ScienceCitrobacterMicroscopyMultidisciplinarybiologyChemistryBody FluidsBloodMedical MicrobiologyViral PathogensVirusesAnaerobic bacteriaPathogensAnatomyCell Binding AssayResearch ArticleCell BindingStaphylococcus aureusCell PhysiologyAnaerobic BacteriaResearch and Analysis MethodsMicrobiologyCalicivirusesMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesEnterobacter cloacaemedicineHumansMicrobial PathogensChemical CharacterizationBiology and life sciencesBacteriaNoroviruslcsh:ROrganismsHafnia alveiCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaGastrointestinal Microbiome030104 developmental biologyFimbriae BacterialNorovirusMicrobial InteractionsTransmission Electron Microscopylcsh:QEnterobacter cloacaeBacteriaEnterococcus faeciumPLOS ONE
researchProduct