Search results for "Fine structure"

showing 10 items of 656 documents

Defects in yttrium aluminium perovskite and garnet crystals: atomistic study

2000

Native and impurity point defects in both yttrium aluminium perovskite (YAP) and garnet (YAG) crystals are studied in the framework of the pair-potential approximation coupled with the shell model description of the lattice ions. The calculated formation energies for native defects suggest that the antisite disorder is preferred over the Frenkel and Schottky-like disorder in both YAP and YAG. The calculated values of the distortion caused by the antisite YAl x in the lattice turn out to be in an excellent agreement with the EXAFS measurements. In non-stoichiometric compounds, the calculated reaction energies indicate that excess Y2 O3 or Al2 O3 is most likely to be accommodated by the forma…

Aluminium oxidesCrystallographyMaterials scienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureImpurityYttrium aluminiumLattice (order)MineralogyGeneral Materials ScienceCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectPerovskite (structure)IonJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
researchProduct

Studies of narrow autoionizing resonances in gadolinium

2003

The autoionization (AI) spectrum of gadolinium between the first and second limits has been investigated by triple-resonance excitation with high-resolution cw lasers. A large number of narrow AI resonances have been observed and assigned total angular momentum J values. The resonances are further divided into members of AI Rydberg series converging to the second limit or other ''interloping'' levels. Fine structure in the Rydberg series has been identified and interpreted in terms of Jc j coupling. A number of detailed studies have been performed on the interloping resonances: These include lifetime determination by lineshape analysis, isotope shifts, hyperfine structure, and photoionizati…

Angular momentumChemistryPhotoionizationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakeAutoionizationTotal angular momentum quantum numberExcited stateRydberg formulasymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsInstrumentationHyperfine structureSpectroscopyExcitationSpectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
researchProduct

ESR and electrochemical studies of 2-acylpyridines and 6,6'-diacyl-2,2'-bipyridines.

2005

Abstract The ESR spectra of radicals obtained by electrolytic reduction of 2-acylpyridines and 6,6′-diacyl-2,2′-bipyridines were measured in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and analyzed by quantum chemical calculations. The electrochemistry of these compounds was characterized using cyclic voltammetry, in DMSO solvent. The results showed a two step reduction mechanism, first wave was assigned to the generation of the correspondent free radical species, and the second wave was assigned to the dianion derivatives. AM1 and DFT calculations were performed to obtain the optimized geometries, theoretical hyperfine constants, and spin distributions, respectively. The theoretical results are in complete a…

AnionsFree RadicalsPyridinesRadicalAcylationElectrolyteElectrochemistryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionComputational chemistrylawElectrochemistryDimethyl SulfoxidePhysics::Chemical PhysicsSpin (physics)Electron paramagnetic resonanceInstrumentationHyperfine structureElectrodesSpectroscopyMolecular StructureChemistryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSolventPhysical chemistryCyclic voltammetrySpectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
researchProduct

Synthesis, chemical characterization and preliminary in vitro antitumor activity evaluation of new ruthenium(II) complexes with sugar derivatives

2011

Abstract Three new complexes of Ru(II), namely [RuCl 2 (Glun-N,O) 2 ]Na 2 ( I ; Glun = glucosaminate), [RuCl 2 (1-Tglu)(EtOH) 2 ]Na ( II ; 1-Tglu = 1-thio-β- d -glucose) and [Ru 2 (EtOH) 6 (AL)Cl 4 ] ( III ; AL = 6′-aminolactose) were prepared from the same Ru(II) precursor, [RuCl 2 (DMSO) 4 ] (DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide). The characterization of the complexes was carried out by elemental analysis, FT-IR, ES-MS, NMR, EXAFS and DFT calculations. The effectiveness of the complexes on metastatic melanoma A 375 was investigated. The results show that complex II is the most active species.

Antitumor activityCarbohydrates Anti-cancer Melanoma A375Extended X-ray absorption fine structureMetastatic melanomaStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSulfoxideMedicinal chemistryIn vitroRutheniumInorganic ChemistrySugar derivativeschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElemental analysisMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
researchProduct

Rotation of methyl radicals in a solid krypton matrix

2009

Electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements were carried out to study the rotation of methyl radicals (CH(3)) in a solid krypton matrix at 17-31 K temperature range. The radicals were produced by dissociating methane by plasma bursts generated by a focused 193 nm excimer laser radiation during the krypton gas condensation on the substrate. The ESR spectrum exhibits only isotropic features at the temperature range examined, and the intensity ratio between the symmetric (A) and antisymmetric (E) spin state lines exhibits weaker temperature dependence than in a solid argon matrix. However, the general appearance of the methyl radical spectrum depends strongly on temperature due to the pronounce…

ArgonSpin statesKryptonGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementlaw.inventionchemistrylawExcited statePhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsGround stateAnisotropyElectron paramagnetic resonanceHyperfine structureThe Journal of Chemical Physics
researchProduct

Mössbauer relaxation spectra in arbitrarily ordered absorbers—Line shape analysis for an iron(II) spincrossover complex in the presence of texture

1989

The stochastic theory of Mossbauer line shapes is formulated in a fashion which allows the evaluation of the spectral shapes for absorbers of arbitrary thickness, texture, and an anisotropic Lamb—Mossbauer factor. The results are specialized to a two-state-relaxation model of fluctuating electric hyperfine interaction in the case of an absorber of axially symmetric texture. The formalism is applied to the line shape analysis of Mossbauer spectra of a textured sample of the spin-crossover complex [Fe(mtz)6] (PF6)2 (mtz=1-methyltetrazole). It is found that between 185 and 240 K the rate constants for the HS→LS conversion are temperature independent, whereas an Arrhenius behaviour is found for…

Arrhenius equationNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectral lineCrystallographysymbols.namesakeReaction rate constantMössbauer spectroscopysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAnisotropyAxial symmetryHyperfine structureShape analysis (digital geometry)Hyperfine Interactions
researchProduct

The hyperfine structure in the rotational spectrum of CF+

2012

Context. CF+ has recently been detected in the Horsehead and Orion Bar photo-dissociation regions. The J=1-0 line in the Horsehead is double-peaked in contrast to other millimeter lines. The origin of this double-peak profile may be kinematic or spectroscopic. Aims. We investigate the effect of hyperfine interactions due to the fluorine nucleus in CF+ on the rotational transitions. Methods. We compute the fluorine spin rotation constant of CF+ using high-level quantum chemical methods and determine the relative positions and intensities of each hyperfine component. This information is used to fit the theoretical hyperfine components to the observed CF+ line profiles, thereby employing the h…

AstrochemistryFOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)Astrophysics010402 general chemistryRotation01 natural sciencesISM: clouds0103 physical sciencesSpin (physics)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsHyperfine structureAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsLine (formation)PhysicsNebularadio lines: ISMastrochemistryAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Astrophysics of GalaxiesISM: molecules0104 chemical sciences[PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA]Space and Planetary ScienceAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)ISM: individual objects: Horsehead nebula[SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA]Atomic physicsBar (unit)
researchProduct

Collisional relaxation measurements on Pb+ hyperfine levels

1993

The time constants for population relaxation of optically pumped Pb+ ions in a Paul ion trap have been determined in a He buffer gas atmosphere with additional components of other gases. For the 6P1/2 ground state of Pb+ and an ion temperatur of 104 K we find cross sections of 0.72(0.33)·10−17 cm2; 0.59(0.38)·10−15 cm2; and 2.56(0.74)·10−14 cm2 for He, N2 and O2, respectively. The error includes an estimated 20% uncertaincy in the pressure calibration of a residual gas analyser.

Atmosphereeducation.field_of_studyMaterials sciencePopulationBuffer gasRelaxation (physics)Ion trapAtomic physicseducationGround stateHyperfine structureAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonZeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters
researchProduct

Sawtooth-wave adiabatic-passage slowing of dysprosium

2018

We report on sawtooth wave adiabatic passage (SWAP) slowing of bosonic and fermionic dysprosium isotopes by using a 136 kHz wide transition at 626 nm. A beam of precooled atoms is further decelerated in one dimension by the SWAP force and the amount of atoms at near zero velocity is measured. We demonstrate that the SWAP slowing can be twice as fast as in a conventional optical molasses operated on the same transition. In addition, we investigate the parameter range for which the SWAP force is efficiently usable in our set-up, and relate the results to the adiabaticity condition. Furthermore, we add losses to the hyperfine ground-state population of fermionic dysprosium during deceleration …

Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)PopulationFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_elementSawtooth wave01 natural sciencesPhysics - Atomic Physics010305 fluids & plasmas0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAdiabatic processeducationHyperfine structurePhysicsQuantum PhysicsRange (particle radiation)education.field_of_studychemistryQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Optical molassesDysprosiumAtomic physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesBeam (structure)Physical Review A
researchProduct

Data from: Individual differences in selective attention predict speech identification at a cocktail party

2017

Listeners with normal hearing show considerable individual differences in speech understanding when competing speakers are present, as in a crowded restaurant. Here, we show that one source of this variance are individual differences in the ability to focus selective attention on a target stimulus in the presence of distractors. In 50 young normal-hearing listeners, the performance in tasks measuring auditory and visual selective attention was associated with sentence identification in the presence of spatially separated competing speakers. Together, the measures of selective attention explained a similar proportion of variance as the binaural sensitivity for the acoustic temporal fine stru…

Auditory perceptionselective attentiontemporal fine structure sensitivitypsychoacousticsbehavioral disciplines and activitiesLife sciencesworking memorymedicine and health carevisual attentionauditory attentionotorhinolaryngologic diseasesMedicinespeech-in-noise identificationindividual differencespsychological phenomena and processes
researchProduct