Search results for "Fish"
showing 10 items of 3164 documents
Ribotyping of Vibrio Populations Associated with Cultured Oysters (Ostrea edulis)
2000
The intraspecific variability of Vibrio splendidus, V. harveyi and V. tubiashii recovered from oysters (Ostrea edulis) collected at the Mediterranean coast near Valencia, Spain, was analyzed by ribotyping. The two former species represented the most abundant ones, and the third one was the only species described as pathogenic for oysters. A total of 115 environmental strains were studied, 84 of V. splendidus, 23 of V. harveyi and 8 of V. tubiashii. Chromosomal DNA was digested with KpnI and hybridized with an oligonucleotide probe complementary to a highly conserved sequence in the 23S rRNA gene. Ribotyping among natural populations of the three species rendered 5 to 9 bands, and showed a h…
pilF polymorphism-based PCR to distinguish Vibrio vulnificus strains potentially dangerous to public health
2010
ABSTRACT Vibrio vulnificus is a heterogeneous species that comprises strains virulent and avirulent for humans and fish, and it is grouped into three biotypes. In this report, we describe a PCR-based methodology that allows both the species identification and discrimination of those isolates that could be considered dangerous to public health. Discrimination is based on the amplification of a variable region located within the gene pilF , which seems to be associated with potential human pathogenicity, regardless of the biotype of the strain.
Nested PCR method for rapid and sensitive detection of Vibrio vulnificus in fish, sediments, and water
1995
A nested PCR for the detection of Vibrio vulnificus in fish farms was developed as an alternative to cultural methods by using universal primers flanking the V. vulnificus-specific sequences directed against 23S rRNA genes. This specific assay detected 10 fg of DNA or 12 to 120 cells in artificially inoculated samples without enrichment and within 24 h.
Shifts in diversity and microscale distribution of the adapted bacterial phenotypes due to Hg(II) spiking in soil.
2003
In a previous experiment [Ranjard et al. (2000) FEMS Microbiol Ecol 31:107–115], the spatial heterogeneity of a mercury impact on soil bacterial community was revealed by an increase of mercury-resistant (HgR) bacterial numbers in the outer fraction and the sand fractions when compared to those in the silt fractions. The objectives of the present study were (i) to investigate whether mercury exposure affects the diversity and the distribution within the various fractions of the HgR populations and (ii) to evaluate the contribution of the HgR populations to the overall community adaptation. A total of 236 strains isolated before (104 isolates) and 30 days (132 isolates) after spiking were ch…
Multilocus Sequence Analysis of the redefined clade Scophthalmi in the genus Vibrio.
2015
A Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) was performed on members of the Scophthalmi clade in the genus Vibrio, including type and reference strains of the species V. scophthalmi, V. ichthyoenteri, and 39 strains phenotypically identified as Vibrio ichthyoenteri-like, with the aim of better defining boundaries between these two closely related, fish-associated species. The type strain of V. ponticus, recently added to the clade Scophthalmi, was also included. The study was based on partial sequences of the protein-coding housekeeping genes rpoD, mreB, recA, ftsZ, and gyrB, and the 16S rRNA. While the 16S rRNA gene-based trees were unable to pull apart members of V. scophthalmi or V. ichthyoent…
Genetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of Iodobacter limnosediminis associated with skin lesions in freshwater fish
2021
The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed salmonids. Genetic characterization verified that all 23 bacterial isolates studied here belonged to the species Iodobacter limnosediminis, previously undescribed from the fish microbiota. Whole-genome pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed variability between the I. limnosediminis strains, suggesting that they were most likely of environmental origin. Two I. limnosediminis strains caused lesions in 27%–53% of brown trout (Salmo trutta) injected intramuscularly (p ≤ .05). The lesions represented moderate to severe tissue damage, but…
Analysis of the Ush2a Gene in Medaka Fish (Oryzias latipes)
2013
Patients suffering from Usher syndrome (USH) exhibit sensorineural hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and, in some cases, vestibular dysfunction. USH is the most common genetic disorder affecting hearing and vision and is included in a group of hereditary pathologies associated with defects in ciliary function known as ciliopathies. This syndrome is clinically classified into three types: USH1, USH2 and USH3. USH2 accounts for well over one-half of all Usher cases and mutations in the USH2A gene are responsible for the majority of USH2 cases, but also for atypical Usher syndrome and recessive non-syndromic RP. Because medaka fish (Oryzias latypes) is an attractive model organism for ge…
Neuroglobins from the Zebrafish Danio rerio and the Pufferfish Tetraodon nigroviridis
2001
Neuroglobin is a recently discovered respiratory, porphyrin-containing protein that is expressed in the brain of mouse and man. Here we show that neuroglobin is also present in the teleost fish. Complete cDNA sequences are reported from the pufferfish Tetraodon nigroviridis and the zebrafish Danio rerio. In addition, the neuroglobin gene of T. nigroviridis was sequenced, demonstrating the conservation of the B12.2, E11.0 and G7.0 introns plus the presence of an additional intron in the 5' noncoding region. The fish neuroglobins each comprise 159 amino acids and are 84.3% identical. Phylogenetic analyses show a basal position of the neuroglobins within the metazoan globin tree. An enhanced a…
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography with bile salts for predicting ecotoxicity of aromatic compounds.
2004
The retention factors of several aromatic compounds were obtained by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using cholate, taurocholate, deoxycholate and deoxytaurocholate as micellar systems. The possibility of using these retention factors to describe and predict several ecotoxicological activities of different aromatic compounds was evaluated. Adequate correlations retention–ecotoxicity (log LC50 in fish and daphnia, log EC50 in green algae and daphnia, chronic values in fish and green algae, bioconcentration factor, and soil sorption coefficient) were obtained for the micellar systems studied. The predictive ability of the models obtained for these micellar systems was compared. …
BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene
2018
Abstract Motivation The BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene. Main types of variables included The database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, th…