Search results for "Fish"
showing 10 items of 3164 documents
Two α subunits and one β subunit of meprin zinc-endopeptidases are differentially expressed in the zebrafish Danio rerio
2007
Abstract Meprins are members of the astacin family of metalloproteases expressed in epithelial tissues, intestinal leukocytes and certain cancer cells. In mammals, there are two homologous subunits, which form complex glycosylated disulfide-bonded homo- and heterooligomers. Both human meprin α and meprin β cleave several basement membrane components, suggesting a role in epithelial differentiation and cell migration. There is also evidence that meprin β is involved in immune defence owing to its capability of activating interleukin-1β and the diminished mobility of intestinal leukocytes in meprin β-knockout mice. Here we show for the first time by reverse transcription PCR, immunoblotting a…
A Globin Gene of Ancient Evolutionary Origin in Lower Vertebrates: Evidence for Two Distinct Globin Families in Animals
2004
Hemoglobin, myoglobin, neuroglobin, and cytoglobin are four types of vertebrate globins with distinct tissue distributions and functions. Here, we report the identification of a fifth and novel globin gene from fish and amphibians, which has apparently been lost in the evolution of higher vertebrates (Amniota). Because its function is presently unknown, we tentatively call it globin X (GbX). Globin X sequences were obtained from three fish species, the zebrafish Danio rerio, the goldfish Carassius auratus, and the pufferfish Tetraodon nigroviridis, and the clawed frog Silurana tropicalis. Globin X sequences are distinct from vertebrate hemoglobins, myoglobins, neuroglobins, and cytoglobins.…
Molecular diversity and growth features of Flavobacterium columnare strains isolated in Finland
2006
ABSTRACT: Columnaris disease caused by Flavobacterium columnare is a problem in fish farmingworldwide. During the last 15 yr, outbreaks have started to emerge in Finland. Flavobacteriumcolumnare Type Strain NCIMB 2248 T and 30 Finnish F. columnare isolates were studied usinganalysis of 16S rDNA by restriction-fragment length polymorphism (16S RFLP), length heterogeneityanalysis of polymerase chain reaction (LH-PCR) products, automated ribosomal intergenic spaceranalysis (ARISA), and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. All isolates fell into RFLP Genomovar I and hadthe same length in the LH-PCR analysis. Based on ARISA, 8 genetically different strains wereselected for further analyses. The growth of…
Interspecies comparison of neuroglobin, cytoglobin and myoglobin: Sequence evolution and candidate regulatory elements
2003
Neuroglobin and cytoglobin are two novel members of the vertebrate globin family. Their physiological role is poorly understood, although both proteins bind oxygen reversibly and may be involved in cellular oxygen homeostasis. Here we investigate the selective constraints on coding and non-coding sequences of the neuroglobin and cytoglobin genes in human, mouse, rat and fish. Neuroglobin and cytoglobin are highly conserved, displaying very low levels of non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions. An oxygen supply function predicts distinct modes of gene regulation, involving hypoxia-responsive transcription factors. To detect conserved candidate regulatory elements, we compared the neuroglobin…
Identification of DNA sequences specific for Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 strains by suppression subtractive hybridization.
2005
ABSTRACT Vibrio vulnificus can be divided into three biotypes, and only biotype 2, which is further divided into serovars, contains eel-virulent strains. We compared the genomic DNA of a biotype 2 serovar E isolate (tester) with the genomic DNAs of three biotype 1 strains by suppression subtractive hybridization and then tested the distribution of the tester-specific DNA sequences in a wide collection of bacterial strains. In this way we identified three plasmid-borne DNA sequences that were specific for biotype 2 strains irrespective of the serovar and three chromosomal DNA sequences that were specific for serovar E biotype 2 strains. These sequences have potential for use in the diagnosis…
Phylogenetic relationships of the family Campulidae (Trematoda) based on 18S rRNA sequences
1998
Traditionally, the family Campulidae has been associated either with the family Fasciolidae, parasites of ruminants, or the Acanthocolpidae, parasites of fishes, based on morphological similarities. Since morphology does not seem to resolve clearly the problem of the relationships of campulids, we have used the sequences of the 18S rRNA gene of the campulids Zalophotrema hepaticum, Campula oblonga and Nasitrema globicephalae, the fasciolid Fasciola hepatica, the acanthocolpid Stephanostomum baccatum and the outgroup Schistosoma mansoni to infer a phylogeny. Maximum parsimony and neighbour-joining methods were applied. Both methods indicated that campulids are closer to acanthocolpids than f…
A molecular phylogeny of the genus Ichthyocotylurus (Digenea, Strigeidae).
2001
Three nucleotide data sets, two nuclear (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2, ITS1 and ITS2) and one mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, CO1), were analysed using distance matrix and maximum likelihood methods to determine the inter-relationships amongst the four species attributed to the genus Ichthyocotylurus Odening, 1969. Sequence data obtained from all gene loci investigated supported the position of Ichthyocotylurus variegatus as a species discrete from Ichthyocotylurus platycephalus. Phylogenetic analyses yielded congruent trees, with I. variegatus isolates comprising a common clade to which I. platycephalus constitutes a sister taxon. Ichthyocotylurus er…
Genetic analyses of ling (Molva molva) in the Northeast Atlantic reveal patterns relevant to stock assessments and management advice
2014
AbstractThe ling, Molva molva, is a commercially exploited demersal gadid fish distributed throughout the Northeast Atlantic. Here, we provide the first study of population genetic structure by genotyping 6 geographically distinct samples with 11 microsatellite DNA markers. The results rejected the hypothesis of a single ling stock in the Northeast Atlantic, and rather suggested the existence of two or more groups, with the main grouping represented by a western (comprising Rockall and Iceland) and an eastern group (Faroe Bank, Norway). Significant genetic differences coincide with an expanse of deep water that probably limits connectivity facilitated by migration. Retention in gyres and di…
Measuring basal soil respiration across Europe: Do incubation temperature and incubation period matter?
2014
The European Commission recognises the essential role of soil biology in soil functioning and delivery of ecosystem services, but information is currently lacking evaluate of how these vary across soil and land-use types at a European scale. This study evaluated the measurement of the initial rate of soil basal respiration (BR) as a potential biological indicator of ecosystem service provision. The purpose of this study was to test ISO 16072:2002 (Soil Quality: Laboratory methods for the determining of microbial soil respiration). In the literature a range of pre-incubation temperatures (pre-inc) and experimental incubation temperatures (exp-inc) have been applied when using the ISO method …
Capillostrongyloides morae sp. n. (Nematoda: Capillariidae) from deep-sea fish (Teleostei, Moridae) in the western Mediterranean Sea
2014
A new capillariid nematode, Capillostrongyloides morae sp. n., is described from specimens collected from the stomach and intestine of the common mora, Mora moro (Risso), and the Mediterranean codling, Lepidion lepidion (Risso) (both Gadiformes, Moridae), off the Mediterranean coasts of Spain. The new species shows similar morphological features as other congeneric species occurring in freshwater and marine fishes, but it differs in the length of the body and spicules, the size of the caudal bursa, and the presence of an elevated anterior vulvar lip. Capillostrongyloides morae sp. n. is the second species within the genus for which the presence of a stylet is reported, and the first one in …