Search results for "Flow"

Lateralization Effects on Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients With Unilateral Pulsatile Tinnitus Measured With Arterial Spin Labeling

2020

Purpose: To investigate cerebral blood flow (CBF) differences in patients with left- and right-sided pulsatile tinnitus (LPT and RPT) and healthy controls (HCs) to further explore the lateralization effects of PT using arterial spin labeling (ASL). Methods: ASL data from 21 RPT patients, 17 LPT patients and 21 HCs were reviewed. Voxel-wise analysis and region of interest analysis were performed to explore differences in CBF among the three groups. Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score and tinnitus duration were obtained from each patient. Results: Voxel-wise analysis showed that the CBF of the left inferior parietal gyrus was increased in both RPT and LPT patients compared with HCs (P < 0…

Implementation of computed tomography angiography (CTA) and computed tomography perfusion (CTP) in Polish guidelines for determination of cerebral ci…

2021

Background: Brain death/death by neurologic criteria (BD/DNC) guidelines are routinely analyzed, compared and updated in the majority of countries and are later implemented as national criteria. At the same time, extensive works have been conducted in order to unify clinical procedures and to validate and implement new technologies into a panel of ancillary tests. Recently evaluated computed tomography angiography and computed tomography perfusion (CTA/CTP) seem to be superior to traditionally used digital subtraction angiography (DSA), transcranial Doppler (TCD) and cerebral perfusion scintigraphy for diagnosis of cerebral circulatory arrest (CCA). In this narrative review, we would like t…

Cerebral Blood Flow Regulation Under the Conditions of Arterial Hypoxia

1978

Pronounced arterial hypoxia induces a decrease of cerebrovascular resistance and an increase of total and regional cerebral blood flow. Under the conditions of normal arterial blood pressure and normal acid base status, the changes of both parameters commence when the oxygen tension in the arterial blood decreases below approximately 50 mm Hg. At the same time, the oxygen tension in the cerebral venous blood reaches values below approximately 28 mm Hg. Different authors [23, 28, 30, 31, 33] reported that cerebral blood flow responses to PaO2 decrease are threshold at these oxygen tensions. The threshold oxygen tension of cerebral venous blood was accorded a special significance because Noel…

Potential Involvement of Impaired Venous Outflow from the Brain in Neurodegeneration: Lessons Learned from the Research on Chronic Cerebrospinal Veno…

2019

About 10 years ago, the so-called chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency syndrome was discovered. This clinical entity, which is associated with extracranial venous abnormalities that impair venous outflow from the brain, was initially found exclusively in multiple sclerosis patients. Currently, we know that such venous lesions can also be revealed in other neurological pathologies, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Although direct causative role of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in these neurological diseases still remains elusive, in this paper, we suggest that perhaps an abnormal venous drainage of the brain affects functioning of the glymphatic system, whi…

Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

1996

SUMMARY A case ofchromophobe renal cell carcinoma is reported in a 73 year-old man. Light microscopically, the tumor was composed of polygonal cells with a slightly eosinophilic and a fine reticular pattern, and a reaction of the cytoplasm with Hale's acid iron colloid. Ultrastructural analysis showed membranous microuesicles within the tumor cells, with degenerated mitochondria. Immunohistochemical profile against intermediate filaments was positive to cytokeratin 18 and negative against uimentin. Flow cytometry and cytogenetics revealed a predominant bypertriploid population. Few cases have been published with flow cytometry and cytogenetic findings. We report a new case.

Activation of the glymphatic system during sleep – is the cerebral venous outflow a missing piece of the puzzle?

2019

Until recently, mechanisms responsible for an activation of the glymphatic system of the brain, the system which is responsible for cleansing of this organ of waste products, were unclear. A recently published paper has finally shed some light on this problem. It has been demonstrated that there is a temporary decrease of the arterial cerebral blood flow during the deep phase of sleep, which is followed by an influx of the cerebrospinal fluid into the cranial cavity, and that this phenomenon is probably responsible for the activation of the glymphatic system. Although, of as yet, this issue has not been studied, it is likely that such a mechanism is not effective in the settings of disturbe…

The Use of infrared thermography in the study of sport and exercise physiology

2016

Infrared thermography (IRT) is considered an upcoming, promising methodology in the field of exercise physiology. Skin temperature distribution derives from muscular activity, skin blood flow as well as perspiration patterns in specific body parts. This chapter aims to provide a general overview on the literature about the study of the skin temperature response to exercise assessed by means of IRT and its relationship with other thermoregulatory variables, exercise characteristics and performance factors.

Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure in Immunocompromised Patients: Taking Aggressive Measures to Identify Etiology

2019

Antithrombotic therapy of Cerebral cavernous malformations

2020

Abstract Cavernous malformations are recognized as the most common vascular anomalies in the brain, that often lead to hemorrhage with neurological symptoms. Usually the treatment is surgical removal or stereotactic radiotherapy. We present a case of a slow-flow vascular anomaly located in the cavernous sinus with recurrent partial thrombotic areas. Inspired by treatment of peripheral venous anomalies antithrombotic therapy was initiated instead of surgery or stereotactic radiotherapy. This led to complete spontaneous resolution of the lesion and normalization of symptoms within nine months. The patient never showed any symptoms over a period of eight years while continuing antithrombotic t…

Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler sonography and magnetic resonance venography for the assessmentv of impaired outflow from the internal jugular vein in…

2015

Objectives: This prospective study was aimed at evaluation of diagnostic value of Doppler sonography and magnetic resonance (MR) venography in the internal jugular vein territory. Material and methods: There were assessed 126 patients (252 internal jugular veins). The patients were initially diagnosed using Doppler sonography and MR venography, and then catheter venography of the veins was performed. For the purpose of this study catheter venography was regarded the reference test. We interpreted sonographic findings in the context of criteria proposed by Zamboni and criteria by International Society for Neurovascular Disease (ISNVD). We applied MR protocols aimed at flow assessment in the …