Search results for "Forensic"
showing 10 items of 1701 documents
Direct Analysis of Psilocin and Muscimol in Urine Samples Using Single Drop Microextraction Technique In-Line with Capillary Electrophoresis
2020
The fully automated system of single drop microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis (SDME-CE) was developed for in-line preconcentration and determination of muscimol (MUS) and psilocin (PSC) from urine samples. Those two analytes are characteristic active metabolites of Amanita and Psilocybe mushrooms, evoking visual and auditory hallucinations. Study analytes were selectively extracted from the donor phase (urine samples, pH 4) into the organic phase (a drop of octanol layer), and re-extracted to the acidic acceptor (background electrolyte, BGE), consisting of 25 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3). The optimized conditions for the extraction procedure of a 200 µ
Partition coefficient, blood to plasma ratio, protein binding and short-term stability of 11-nor-Delta(9)-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol glucuronide.
2002
11-Nor-Delta(9)-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol glucuronide (THCCOOglu) is a major metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol in blood. Despite its mass spectrometric identification already in 1980, further physicochemical data of THCCOOglu have not been established. Therefore, the octanol/buffer partition coefficient P and the blood to plasma ratio b/p for THCCOOglu concentrations of 100 and 500ng/ml were investigated. Protein binding of the glucuronide was established from spiked albumin solutions at a level of 250ng/ml as well as from authentic samples. The data were compared to those of 11-nor-Delta(9)-carboxy tetrahydrocannabinol (THCCOOH). In addition, the short-term stability of THCCOOglu in pl…
Forebrain specialization and the olfactory system in anseriform birds. An architectonic and tracing study.
1992
In anseriform birds the mediodorsal part of the rostral forebrain is covered by a corticoid (= layered) structure, establishing a unique feature of this avian group since in other birds the non-cortical accessory or dorsal hyperstriatum occupies the corresponding surface area of the hemisphere. The efferents of the olfactory bulb are shown to reach this region, which thus can be identified as a heavily enlarged retrobulbar area. The large expansion of this olfactory representation may indicate an important biological function. In comparison to the mammalian olfactory system the three stratified olfactory projection centers of birds should be regarded as retrobulbar, prepiriform and periamyg…
Distribution of human papillomavirus types in women from Valencia, Spain, with abnormal cytology.
2010
Objective To determine human papillomavirus (HPV) types among cervical smears using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to contribute to the knowledge of human papillomavirus genotype distribution and prevalence of oncogenic types in cervical lesions in Spain. Study Design Consensus PCR and direct sequencing of PCR products (DNA HPV typing) were used in a retrospective study to determinate the type or types of HPV on 974 cytology smears of women with abnormal cytology results. Results Of 974 smears, 79.8% were high-risk (H-R) HPVs, 19.7% low-risk (L-R) HPVs, 4.6% indeterminate-risk (I-R) HPVs, considering both single and multiple infections. Multiple infections were detected in 4.7% of the …
Old and new immunophenotypic markers in multiple myeloma for discrimination of responding and relapsing patients: The importance of “normal” residual…
2015
Background Multiple myeloma is an incurable disease characterized by proliferation of clonal malignant plasma cells (CPCs), which can be immunophenotypically distinguished from polyclonal plasma cells (PPCs) by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). The utility of PPCs analysis in detecting prognostic and predictive information is still a matter of debate. Methods: we tested the ability of 11 MFC markers in detecting differences in the immunophenotype of CPCs and PPCs among patients in various disease stages; we verified if these markers could be associated with disease stage/response to therapy despite the role of clinical parameters. Results: significant changes in the expression of markers…
Associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the VEGF gene and long-term prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
2012
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, GermanyINTRODUCTION: Functional polymorphisms (SNPs) ofthe vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are asso-ciated with the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). An impact of VEGF-SNPs on prognosis of OSCCpatients seems possible. Therefore, correlations betweenprognostic parameters of OSCC patients and five VEGF-SNPs were determined.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective long-term study, in 113 OSCC patients that underwentcurative resections, five VEGF-SNPs ( 1154 G/A,+405 G/C, +936 C/T, 2578 C/A, and 460 C/T) wereanalyzed. Associations between SNPs and prognosis(incidence of local recurrent disease, seco…
The Fuhrman grading system has no prognostic value in patients with nonsarcomatoid chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.
2014
The prognostic value of the Fuhrman nuclear grading system has been questioned for chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) because this subtype frequently displays nuclear and nucleolar pleomorphism. The present study reevaluates this grading system in a series of patients with nonsarcomatoid chRCC. We identified 176 patients (3.6%) with nonsarcomatoid chRCC in a total of 4897 patients who underwent surgery for renal cell carcinoma at 5 centers in Germany between 1990 and 2010. The mean follow-up was 51.1 months. The 3 groups (G1 versus G2 versus G3/4) were comparable in terms of age, sex, tumor diameter, and lymph node metastasis. They only differed significantly in tumor stage (P = .01) …
Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Clinical and Pathological Features and Associated Risk Factors in an Observational Study of 118 Patients
2015
Background and objective: In the latest edition of its cancer staging manual, the American JointCommittee on Cancer (AJCC) revised the criteria for staging squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by introducing high-risk tumor features to define tumor stage (T) and help to identify tumors with a higher risk of metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics associated with SCC meeting the high-risk criteria defined by the AJCC for T2 lesions. Patients and method: We performed a case-case observational study in which patients with SCC were included over a period of 18 months. We collected clinical, anthropometric, and tumor data, and analyzed these using PASW Statistics (SPSS)…
Tumor budding as a risk factor for nodal metastasis in pT1 colorectal cancers: a meta-analysis
2017
Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs have significantly increased the detection of submucosal (pT1) adenocarcinoma. Completion surgery may be indicated after endoscopic excision of these potentially metastasizing early cancers. However, the postsurgical prevalence of nodal implants does not exceed 15%, leading to questions concerning the clinical appropriateness of any post–endoscopy surgery. Eastern scientific societies (Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon-Rectum, in particular) include tumor budding (TB), defined as the presence of isolated single cancer cells or clusters of fewer than 5 cancer cells at the tumor invasive front, among the variables that must be inclu…
Prognostic markers in low-grade papillary urothelial neoplasms of the urinary bladder: an update
2009
Abstract Papillary urothelial neoplasms of the urinary bladder comprise a heterogeneous spectrum of ‘continuous' lesions in which the assessment of an accurate histological grade and tumour stage is mandatory for the clinical management of patients. The 1998 World Health Organization/International Society of Urologic Pathologists (WHO/ISUP) consensus classification and the 1999 WHO classification proposed new malignancy grading schemes, mainly based on morphometric studies for the replacement of the 1973 WHO grading system. In accordance with these novel grading systems, two major categories of papillary urothelial neoplasms were distinguished: low-grade and high-grade papillary urothelial …