Search results for "Formazan"

showing 5 items of 15 documents

Cytotoxicity of Artesunic Acid Homo- and Heterodimer Molecules toward Sensitive and Multidrug-Resistant CCRF-CEM Leukemia Cells

2010

A novel approach to circumvent multidrug resistance is hybridization of natural products in dimers. We analyzed homodimers of two artesunic acid molecules and heterohybrids of artesunic acid and betulin in human CCRF-CEM and multidrug-resistant P-glycoprotein-overexpressing CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells. Multidrug-resistant cells were not cross-resistant to the novel compounds. Collateral sensitivity was observed for artesunic acid homodimer. Artesunic acid and artesunic acid homodimer induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and formation of reactive oxygen species.

Spectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyCell SurvivalApoptosischemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansCytotoxicitychemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesFormazansLeukemiaBetulinCell CycleSuccinatesCell cycleFlow Cytometrymedicine.diseaseArtemisininsTriterpenesMultiple drug resistanceLeukemiachemistryBiochemistryDrug Resistance NeoplasmCell cultureApoptosisMolecular MedicineReactive Oxygen SpeciesJournal of Medicinal Chemistry
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Der cytochemische Nachweis von Prolin-Dehydrogenasen, Acetaldehyd-Dehydrogenasen und Dihydrolipons�ure-Dehydrogenase in den Zellen vonSaccharomyces c…

1967

Using the tetrazolium salt Nitro-BT, the following dehydrogenases can be demonstrated cytochemically in the cells ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae: (1)Proline dehydrogenase activity: it cannot be decided whether the formazan production is a result of L-proline: NAD(P)-2-oxidoreductase (E.C. 1.5.1.1) or of L-proline:NAD(P)-5-oxidoreductase(E.C. 1.5.1.2); (2)Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity: using the coenzymes NAD and NADP and the activators KCl and MgCl2, different reaction pictures are obtained which led to the conclusion that aldehyde: NADP oxidoreductase (E.C. 1.2.1.4) and aldehyde: NAD(P) oxidoreductase (E.C. 1.2.1 5) can be demonstrated seperately; (3)Dihydrolipoic dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.6.4.3…

chemistry.chemical_classificationHistologybiologyChemistryAldehyde dehydrogenaseDehydrogenaseCell BiologyMolecular biologyCofactorMedical Laboratory Technologychemistry.chemical_compoundEnzymeBiochemistryOxidoreductasebiology.proteinProline dehydrogenase activityNAD+ kinaseFormazanMolecular BiologyHistochemie
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Chemistry of Enzyme Visualization

1994

The basic principle of enzyme visualization in situ is to present an enzyme with a solution containing an enzyme specific substrate. Demonstration of an enzyme is achieved if the catalytic action of the enzyme on this substrate produces a coloured reaction product. Often, however, the primary reaction products are colourless and require coupling with a visualizing agent to generate a coloured, preferably insoluble, final reaction product.

chemistry.chemical_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundEnzymePrimary reactiongenetic structuresChemistrySubstrate specificitySubstrate (chemistry)FormazanCombinatorial chemistryReaction productVisualizationCatalysis
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General Cytotoxicity Assessment by Means of the MTT Assay

2014

Cytotoxicity assays were among the first in vitro bioassay methods used to predict toxicity of substances to various tissues. In vitro cytotoxicity testing provides a crucial means for safety assessment and screening, and for ranking compounds. The choice of using a particular cytotoxicity assay technology may be influenced by specific research goals. As such, four main classes of assays are used to monitor the response of cultured cells after treatment with potential toxicants. These methods measure viability, cell membrane integrity, cell proliferation, and metabolic activity. In this chapter, we focus on the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide tetrazolium reducti…

chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryCell growthBioassayMTT assayFormazanBiologyCytotoxicityCell culture assaysMolecular biologyIn vitroIntracellular
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Cytotoxic Effect of Eudesmanolides Isolated from Flowers of Tanacetum vulgare ssp. siculum

2012

WOS: 000306752700042

sesquiterpeneeudesmanolidePharmaceutical ScienceFlowersSesquiterpeneArticleChinese hamsterCell LineAnalytical ChemistryHuman lungInhibitory Concentration 50Tanacetumchemistry.chemical_compoundsesquiterpenesDrug DiscoveryBotanymedicineAnimalsHumansCytotoxic T cellSettore BIO/15 - Biologia FarmaceuticaPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTanacetum vulgarecytotoxic activityCell ProliferationCell DeathbiologyTraditional medicine<em>Tanacetum vulgare</em>; sesquiterpenes; eudesmanolides; cytotoxic activityeudesmanolidesOrganic ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicabiology.organism_classificationIn vitroTanacetum vulgare; sesquiterpenes; eudesmanolides; cytotoxic activitymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryPhytochemicalChemistry (miscellaneous)Molecular MedicineColorimetryFormazanMolecules; Volume 17; Issue 7; Pages: 8186-8195
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