Search results for "Formula"

showing 10 items of 755 documents

Structure and Dynamics of the Instantaneous Water/Vapor Interface Revisited by Path-Integral and Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations

2015

The structure and dynamics of the water/vapor interface is revisited by means of path-integral and second-generation Car-Parrinello ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with an instantaneous surface definition [A. P. Willard and D. Chandler, J. Phys. Chem. B 114, 1954 (2010)]. In agreement with previous studies, we find that one of the OH bonds of the water molecules in the topmost layer is pointing out of the water into the vapor phase, while the orientation of the underlying layer is reversed. Therebetween, an additional water layer is detected, where the molecules are aligned parallel to the instantaneous water surface.

Surface (mathematics)KineticsFOS: Physical sciencesMolecular Dynamics SimulationCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterMolecular physicsMolecular dynamicsPhysics - Chemical PhysicsMaterials ChemistryMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Molecular StructureChemistryHydrogen bondWaterHydrogen BondingComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)Surfaces Coatings and FilmsKineticsSteamPath integral formulationSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physical chemistryPhysics - Computational PhysicsLayer (electronics)Water vaporThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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World revision of the genus Encyrtoscelio Dodd (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)

1995

The genus Encyrtoscelio Dodd is revised. E. apterus (Szelényi), E. mirissimus Dodd, E. turneri Waterston are redescribed, and six new species are described: E. cydni Caleca, E. japonicus Caleca, E. mediterraneus Caleca, E. miroides Caleca, E. spuratus Caleca and E. undecim Caleca. A key to separate females is presented, and is based on the number of antennomeres and claval sensillar formula, mandibular spurs and teeth, palpal formula and clypeus, and some cephalic characters. Morphological adaptations of the head and mandibles are discussed in relation to host habitat and oviposition site. Information on host associations, habitat preference, seasonal and daily occurrence of some species a…

SystematicsbiologyArthropodaEcologySystematic EntomologyClypeusPlatygastroideaHexapodaScelioninaePlatygastroideaArachnologybiology.organism_classificationHymenopteraCladisticstaxonomySettore AGR/11 - Entomologia Generale E ApplicataPlatygastridaeEgg parasitoid Hemiptera Cydnidae claval sensillar formula micropterous tooth in mandiblesAnimaliaTaxonomy (biology)insectsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsScelionidaebiodiversity
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Lights and shadows of the Taenia asiatica life cycle and pathogenicity.

2013

Humans are definitive hosts of two well-known species of the Taenia genus, Taenia solium (the pig tapeworm) and Taenia saginata (the cattle tapeworm). In the 1990s, a third species, Taenia asiatica, was discovered, sharing features with the other two since the adult morphology is similar to that of T. saginata, but its life cycle is like that of T. solium. Human taeniasis usually is asymptomatic or displays mild symptoms, and only T. solium can cause other sometimes serious disorders when humans accidentally ingest the eggs and develop the larval stage in different organs (cysticercosis). In this review, we expose what we currently know (lights) and what we do not yet know (shadows) about t…

Taenia asiaticaPathologymedicine.medical_specialtySymposiumbiologyHuman liverLife cyclepathogenesisZoologyCysticercosisbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseasePathogenicityTaenia asiaticamedicine.drug_formulation_ingredientTaenia soliumparasitic diseasesmedicineTaeniaTaeniasisTropismTropical parasitology
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Multiscale modeling of polycrystalline materials: A boundary element approach to material degradation and fracture

2015

Abstract In this work, a two-scale approach to degradation and failure in polycrystalline materials is proposed. The formulation involves the engineering component level (macro-scale) and the material grain level (micro-scale). The macro-continuum is modeled using a three-dimensional boundary element formulation in which the presence of damage is formulated through an initial stress approach to account for the local softening in the neighborhood of points experiencing degradation at the micro-scale. The microscopic degradation is explicitly modeled by associating Representative Volume Elements (RVEs) to relevant points of the macro continuum, for representing the polycrystalline microstruct…

TechnologyComputational MechanicsPolycrystalline materialsGeneral Physics and AstronomyMultiscale formulationNANOMECHANICSDIFFRACTION09 EngineeringEngineeringPolycrystalline materialComputational mechanicsPeriodic boundary conditionsFAILUREPLASTICITYComputational MechanicApplied MathematicsAUSTENITIC STAINLESS-STEELComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionMechanicsStructural engineeringREPRESENTATIVE VOLUME ELEMENTMicrostructureStrength of materialsMultiscale modelingComputer Science ApplicationsMechanics of MaterialsMultiscale formulationsPhysical SciencesSIMULATIONMicromechanicsSTRESS-CORROSION CRACKINGMathematics Interdisciplinary ApplicationsMaterials scienceHOMOGENIZATIONEngineering MultidisciplinaryMechanicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)Boundary element methodMechanics of MaterialBoundary element methodFORMULATIONMicromechanicSHORT FATIGUE-CRACK01 Mathematical SciencesScience & Technologybusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringMicromechanicsDamage and fractureMICROSTRUCTUREbusinessVoronoi diagramMathematics
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Formulations and valid inequalities for the capacitated dispersion problem

2023

This work focuses on the capacitated dispersion problem for which we study several mathematical formulations in different spaces using variables associated with nodes, edges, and costs. The relationships among the presented formulations are investigated by comparing the projections of the feasible sets of the LP relaxations onto the subspace of natural variables. These formulations are then strengthened with families of valid inequalities and variable-fixing procedures. The separation problems associated with the valid inequalities that are exponential in number are shown to be polynomially solvable by reducing them to longest path problems in acyclic graphs. The dual bounds obtained from s…

TechnologyseparationScience & Technologydispersion problemComputer Networks and CommunicationsOperations Research & Management Scienceextended formulationtelescopic sumsUNESCO::CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICASvalid inequalitieslocation scienceHardware and ArchitectureComputer ScienceComputer Science Hardware & Architecturepolyhedral combinatoricsSoftwareInformation Systems
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Il ruolo del familiae emptor nel testamentum per aes et libram

2016

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TestiTestamentum per aes et libramVeronas’ Palimpsest of Gaii InstitutioneSuccession upon testamentSettore IUS/18 - Diritto Romano E Diritti Dell'Antichita'familiae emptorFormulas pronounced by familiae emptor and testator.
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L'intonaco Li Vigni nell'architettura del XX secolo a Palermo. Nuove conoscenze e applicazioni diagnostiche per la manutenzione

2013

Il saggio presenta lo studio degli intonaci formulati per imitare le pietre e i marmi naturali che si diffondono in Sicilia all’inizio del XX secolo ed evidenzia che le prime applicazioni e la diffusione delle nuove malte, anche nel resto dell’Italia, risentono delle sperimentazioni condotte in tutta l’Europa. Il contributo riassume i risultati di una rigorosa e capillare ricognizione tra i brevetti conservati presso l’Archivio Centrale dello Stato a Roma inerenti alle malte per il confezionamento dell’intonaco a “finta pietra”, ne analizza i contenuti in modo critico e pone in risalto i contatti culturali con le sperimentazioni dei materiali in atto nell’ambito dei grandi cantieri di resta…

The paper presents the study of the plaster formulated to imitate the natural stones and marbles that are popular in Sicily in the early twentieth century and points out that the first applications and the dissemination of new mortars also in the rest of Italy feels the influence of the experiments conducted throughout Europe . The contribution summarizes the results of a rigorous and thorough reconnaissance of patents kept in the Archivio Centrale dello Stato in Rome relating to mortars for plastering an artificial stone critically analyzes the content and emphasizes cultural contacts with the experiments on large-scale restoration projects in Italy and France in the late nineteenth century. The analysis of the architectural surfaces is developed with instrumental tests: the levels of adhesion of finishing surface are characterized in particular through a campaign of thermographic investigations and diagnosis is drawn to show that the consolidation of the layers and reintegration are interventions to be introduced ​​within the restoration project and maintenance program.Settore ICAR/19 - Restauro
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Abitare nel reale. Dalla crisi della periferia alla tessitura di nuove relazioni contestuali

2019

I progetti redatti per “Palermo Sud-Est” sono il risultato di un Laboratorio di Laurea strutturatosi attraverso incontri, seminari, comunicazioni specialistiche, esposizioni critiche, che – in una strategia condivisa – ha visto ogni studente elaborare il proprio lavoro nel confronto con gli altri attori del Laboratorio stesso. La ricerca sui “progetti urbani” è stata impostata di modo che ogni laureando fosse messo a conoscenza dei progetti svolti nello stesso ambito territoriale dai colleghi che l’avevano preceduto, così da poter operare in continuità e contribuire a formulare un ragionamento unitario, nel quale ogni progetto costituisse continuazione, verifica o anche variante dei precede…

The projects prepared for "Palermo South-East" are the result of a Graduate Laboratory structured through meetings seminars specialist communications critical exhibitions which - in a shared strategy - saw each student elaborate their work in comparison with others actors of the same Laboratory. The research on "urban projects" was set so that each graduating student was made aware of the projects carried out in the same geographical area by the colleagues who had preceded it so as to be able to operate in continuity and contribute to formulating a unitary reasoning in which each project constituted continuation verification or even variant of the previous ones. These coordinated works have pursued two fundamental objectives: the strengthening of infrastructures and the establishment of specialized public buildings with superior functions aimed at requalifying and regenerating various critical situations with particular attention to the relationship between context and life scenarios. Thus each designer while dealing with a main functional program simultaneously deals with various issues such as the rationalization of the road system the redevelopment of existing buildings the design and refunctionalization of urban services (for example the transformed Central Station in the hotel or the project of a great Mosque)several degree theses have addressed as the main theme or as a question in the background the design of a new bed for the Oreto river and the relative establishment of a park facing it. In this desire to "patch up the wounds" in the different areas of "Palermo South-East" in close relationship with the vicissitudes of the place there is a continuous reference to architectures of all time and some questions involving the functional program are suggested - that identifies the character (or perhaps "type") of what is to be inserted in a given context - and the qualities of living reality as a pivotal material in the design process.Settore ICAR/14 - Composizione Architettonica E Urbana
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The Mathematicians’ Happy Hunting Ground: Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity

2004

There is hardly any doubt that for physics special relativity theory is of much greater consequence than the general theory. The reverse situation prevails with respect to mathematics: there special relativity theory had comparatively little, general relativity theory very considerable, influence, above all upon the development of a general scheme for differential geometry. —Hermann Weyl, “Relativity as a Stimulus to Mathematical Research,” pp. 536–537.

Theoretical physicsTheory of relativityHistory and Philosophy of ScienceStatic interpretation of timeDoubly special relativityGeneral MathematicsQuantum mechanicsAbsolute time and spaceFour-forceTest theories of special relativityEmission theorySpecial relativity (alternative formulations)MathematicsThe Mathematical Intelligencer
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Seeing reality through Einstein's eyes: a teaching proposal for special relativity

2021

The teaching of Special Relativity is still a critical issue not only for students but also for teachers. In this paper, we describe the trial of a learning unit on the Special Relativity topic based on Minkowski's approach through spacetime diagrams, following the results in pedagogical researches in this field. The main innovation of our project consists of a mechanical instrument: it allows to physically and mechanically represent Lorentz’s transformations by hands, exploring the effects of a change of the reference frame. Teachers and students can deal “by eye” with unusual phenomena as the loss of simultaneity, time dilation, length contraction, relativistic addition of velocities and …

Theoretical physicssymbols.namesakespecial relativitySpecial Relativity spacetime didactics of Physics High Schools laboratory of Special Relativity.PhilosophySettore FIS/08 - Didattica E Storia Della FisicasymbolsEinsteinlaboratory of special relativityspacetimedidactics of physicsSpecial relativity (alternative formulations)high schools
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