Search results for "Fusarium"
showing 10 items of 286 documents
Cell interactions between a nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain and root tissues of Eucalyptus viminalis
2004
Nonpathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum can be successful antagonists of pathogenic forms of the same fungal species that commonly attacks crop plants. The characteristics that distinguish nonpathogenic from pathogenic forms are not well understood. In this study, the mode of root colonization of Eucalyptus viminalis seedlings by a nonpathogenic F. oxysporum strain is described at the ultrastructural level. Root systems of E. viminalis plants were inoculated with nonpathogenic F. oxysporum strain Fo47 in an in vitro model system. Changes in the occurrence of nonesterified and methyl-esterified pectins in colonized E. viminalis roots were evaluated by in situ immunolabeling using two mo…
Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathog…
2019
Producción Científica
In vitro mechanisms of Beauvericin toxicity: A review.
2017
Beauvericin (BEA) is a mycotoxin produced by many species of fungus Fusarium and by Beauveria bassiana; BEA is a natural contaminant of cereals and cereals based products and possesses a wide variety of biological properties. The mechanism of action seems to be related to its ionophoric activity, that increases ion permeability in biological membranes. As a consequence, BEA causes cytotoxicity in several cell lines and is capable to produce oxidative stress at molecular level. Moreover, BEA is genotoxic (produces DNA fragmentation, chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus) and causes apoptosis with the involvement of mitochondrial pathway. However, several antioxidant mechanisms protect cel…
The mycotoxin zearalenone enhances cell proliferation, colony formation and promotes cell migration in the human colon carcinoma cell line HCT116.
2016
IF 3.522; International audience; Zearalenone (ZEN) and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) are fungal secondary metabolites produced by Fusarium and Aspergillus genera, respectively. These mycotoxins are found world-wide as corn and wheat contaminants. AFB1 is probably the most toxic and carcinogenic mycotoxin. It has been demonstrated to be mutagenic, genotoxic, and hepatocarcinogenic. ZEN is a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin that displays hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity and genotoxicity. Its mutagenic and carcinogenic properties have so far remained controversial and questionable. Using the colon carcinoma cell line HCT116, we will show here that ZEN, at low concentrations, enhances cell proliferation…
Electrochemical identification of toxigenic fungal species using solid-state voltammetry strategies.
2018
An electrochemical methodology for the characterization of mycotoxin-producing fungal species from the genera Aspergillus and Fusarium using solid-state voltammetry is described. Upon attachment of fungal colony microsamples to glassy carbon electrodes in contact with aqueous acetate buffer, characteristic voltammetric signals mainly associated to the oxidation of polyphenolic metabolites are recorded. The possibility of fungi-localized electrochemical processes was assessed by means of electron microscopy and field emission scanning electrochemical microscopy coupled to the application of oxidative potential inputs. Using pattern recognition methods, the determined voltammetric profiles we…
Binary and tertiary combination of alternariol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol on HepG2 cells: Toxic effects and evaluation of …
2016
Fungi producers of mycotoxins are able to synthesize more than one toxin. Alternariol (AOH) is one of the mycotoxins produced by several Alternaria species, the most common one being Alternaria alternata. The toxins 3-Acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-Acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) are acetylated forms of deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium graminearum. In the present work it is determined and evaluated the toxic effects of binary and tertiary combination treatment of HepG2 cells with AOH, 3-ADON and 15-ADON, by using the MTT assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide), to subsequently apply the isobologram method and elucidate if the mixtures of these m…
Micronucleus induction and cell cycle alterations produced by deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives in individual and combined exposure on He…
2018
Mycotoxins are produced by a number of fungal genera spp as e.g. Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Fusarium and Claviceps. 3-Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol (3-A-DON) and 15-Acetyl-Deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) which are produced by Fusarium, chemically belong to trichothecenes and occur in significant amounts as modified forms of deoxynivalenol (DON) in various cereal crops and processed grains. This study aims to determine the cytotoxicity, cell cycle and genotoxicity of the mycotoxins DON, 3-A-DON and 15-A-DON on HepG2 cells. Cytotoxic concentration range studied was from 100 to 3.1 μM for DON and 12.5 to 0.04 μM for 3-A-DON and 15-A-DON by the Neutral Red (NR) assay, over 24, 48 and 72 h. Potentia…
Antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria and their application for Fusarium mycotoxin reduction in malting wheat grains
2018
Abstract This study mainly focuses on finding a strategy for reduction of Fusarium mycotoxin in malting wheat grains, predominantly used in the production of beverages and certain baked goods. The effect of treatment with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), T-2 and HT-2 toxins contained in malting wheat grains was studied. Additionally, the impact of bio-treatment with bio-products based on cheese whey permeate previously fermented with LAB on microbial contamination and germination capacity of grains was studied. Treatment with Lactobacillus sakei KTU05-6, Pediococcus acidilactici KTU05-7, and Pediococcus pentosaceus KTU05-8, KTU05-09, and KTU05-10 strain…
Cytotoxic effects induced by patulin, sterigmatocystin and beauvericin on CHO-K1 cells.
2015
Mycotoxins are produced by different genera of fungi; mainly Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. The natural co-occurrence of beauvericin (BEA), patulin (PAT) and sterigmatocystin (STE) has been proved in feed and food commodities. This study investigates the cytotoxicity of individual and combined mycotoxins BEA, PAT and STE. The cytotoxicity on immortalized ovarian cells (CHO-K1) was evaluated using the MTT assay. After 24, 48 and 72 h, the IC50 values were 2.9 μM for PAT and ranged from 10.7 to 2.2 μM and from 25.0 to 12.5 μM for BEA and STE, respectively. Cytotoxic interactions were assayed by the isobologram method, which provides a combination index (CI) value as a quantitative mea…
A Review of the Mycotoxin Enniatin B
2017
Mycotoxin enniatin B (ENN B) is a secondary metabolism product by Fusarium fungi. It is a well-known antibacterial, antihelmintic, antifungal, herbicidal, and insecticidal compound. It has been found as a contaminant in several food commodities, particularly in cereal grains, co-occurring also with other mycotoxins. The primary mechanism of action of ENN B is mainly due to its ionophoric characteristics, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. In the last two decades, it has been a topic of great interest since its potent mammalian cytotoxic activity was demonstrated in several mammalian cell lines. Moreover, the co-exposure in vitro with other mycotoxins enhances its toxic potential thro…