Search results for "G cell"

showing 10 items of 456 documents

Identification of calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) mRNA-expressing cells in normal and injured rat brain

2009

Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR), isolated for the first time from bovine and human parathyroid, is a G-protein-coupled receptors that has been involved in diverse physiological functions. At present a complete in vivo work on the identification of CaSR mRNA-expressing cells in the adult brain lacks and this investigation was undertaken in order to acquire more information on cell type expressing CaSR mRNA in the rat brain and to analyse for the first time its expression in different experimental models of brain injury. The expression of CaSR mRNAs was found mainly in scattered cells throughout almost all the brain regions. A double labeling analysis showed a colocalization of CaSR mRNA expr…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsCentral nervous systemHippocampusCell CountSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareBiologySettore BIO/09 - Fisiologiachemistry.chemical_compoundSeizuresInternal medicineSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaCaSRmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerRats WistarIbotenic AcidMolecular BiologyIn Situ HybridizationNeuronsKainic AcidGeneral NeuroscienceDentate gyrusBrainColocalizationImmunohistochemistryRatsOligodendrogliamedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologynervous systemchemistryBrain InjuriesNeurogliaNeurology (clinical)Pyramidal cellCaSR; BrainCalcium sensing receptor (CaSR) isolated for the first time from bovine and human parathyroid is a G-protein-coupled receptors that has been involved in diverse physiological functions. At present a complete in vivo work on the identification of CaSR mRNA-expressing cells in the adult brain lacks and this investigation was undertaken in order to acquire more information on cell type expressing CaSR mRNA in the rat brain and to analyse for the first time its expression in different experimental models of brain injury. The expression of CaSR mRNAs was found mainly in scattered cells throughout almost all the brain regions. A double labeling analysis showed a colocalization of CaSR mRNA expression in neurons and oligodendrocytes whereas it was not found expressed both in the microglia and in astrocytes. One week after kainate-induced seizure CaSR was found in the injured CA3 region of the hippocampus and very interestingly it was found up-regulated in the neurons of CA1-CA2 and dentate gyrus. Similarly 1 week following ibotenic acid injection in the hippocampus CaSR mRNA expression was increased in oligodendrocytes both in the lesioned area and in the contralateral CA1-CA3 pyramidal cell layers and dentate gyrus. One week after needle-induced mechanical lesion an increase of labeled cells expressing CaSR mRNA was observed along the needle track. In conclusion the present results contribute to extend available data on cell type-expressing CaSR in normal and injured brain and could spur to understand the role of CaSR in repairing processes of brain injury.Receptors Calcium-SensingIbotenic acidDevelopmental BiologyAstrocyte
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Non-coordinate synthesis of MHC class II proteins and invariant chains by epidermal Langerhans cells derived from short-term in vitro culture

1994

Epidermal cells (EC) prepared from Lewis rat skin contained 2-3% class II+, LCA+ Langerhans cells (LC). LC enriched from freshly isolated EC suspensions proved highly effective accessory cells when presenting the nominal antigen OVA to an RT1.Bl-restricted ovalbumin (OVA)-specific rat T cell clone. Short-term preculture of the EC resulted in diminished OVA presenting capacity of the LC. Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis of class II and gamma chain expression revealed an up-regulation of class II on the LC's cell surface, consistent with earlier findings in mouse and human. However, while the presence of gamma chains in mouse LC was reported to decline to negligible levels during culture we obse…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsLangerhans cellCD74OvalbuminT-LymphocytesImmunologyAntigen presentationCD1BiologyFlow cytometryAntigenInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsImmunology and AllergyAntigen-presenting cellCells CulturedAntigen PresentationMHC class IImedicine.diagnostic_testHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIGeneral MedicineFlow CytometryMolecular biologyRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyRats Inbred LewLangerhans Cellsbiology.proteinFemaleInternational Immunology
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The role of accessory cells in polyclonal T cell activation. I. Both induction of interleukin 2 production and of interleukin 2 responsiveness by con…

1983

Recent studies from other laboratories have shown that concanavalin A (Con A) acts at two separate steps in polyclonal T cell activation: interleukin 2 (IL2) production, and induction of responsiveness to IL2. Using a combination of techniques for the depletion of accessory cells from lymph node T cells, we have investigated which of these steps, if not both, is responsible for the known requirement for accessory cells in the Con A response. It was found that with increasing T cell purification, first the ability is lost to produce sufficient levels of endogenous IL2, whereas induction of IL2 responsiveness can still take place. Further removal of accessory cells however yields a population…

Malemusculoskeletal diseasesInterleukin 2medicine.medical_specialtyComplement Activating EnzymesT-LymphocytesT cellLymphocyte CooperationImmunologyPopulationchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaLymphocyte ActivationMiceInterleukin 21immune system diseasesInternal medicineConcanavalin AmedicineAnimalsImmunology and AllergyAntigen-presenting celleducationInterleukin 3LymphokinesMice Inbred BALB Ceducation.field_of_studybiologyComplement C1qImmune SeraHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIhemic and immune systemsCell biologyKineticsstomatognathic diseasesEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurePolyclonal antibodiesConcanavalin Abiology.proteinInterleukin-2FemaleLymph NodesSpleenmedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Immunology
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Infrared microspectroscopy of biochemical response of living cells in microfabricated devices

2010

Abstract First experiments demonstrating the suitability of novel microfabricated fluidic devices for measuring living cells in physiological environment by synchrotron radiation (SR) Fourier Transform Infrared microspectroscopy (μ-FTIR) are presented. The devices were fabricated on CaF 2 windows, using the photoresist XARP 3100/10 to define the liquid cell lay-out. Therefore, the sample holder is transparent to both visible and infrared light, robust, completely recyclable and with a precise spacing. Using prototype devices of thicknesses 9, 5 and 3 μm, we studied the response of the U937 monocytic cell line to mechanical compression. The temporal evolution of the FTIR spectra, characteris…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryInfraredMicrofluidicsAnalytical chemistrySynchrotron radiationPhotoresistchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakemicrofabricated deviceFourier transformFTIRchemistrySettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaAmidemicroscopysymbolsOptoelectronicsFluidicsFTIR microspectroscopybusinessliving cellsSpectroscopyMicrofabrication
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A hierarchic approach to production planning and scheduling of a flexible manufacturing system

1999

Abstract The paper deals with the problem of improving the machine utilization of a flexible manufacturing cell. Limited tool magazine space of the machines turns out to be a relevant bottleneck. A hierarchic approach for this problem is proposed. At the upper level, sets of parts that can be concurrently processed (batches) are determined. At the lower levels, batches are sequenced, linked, and scheduled. Methods taken from the literature are used for the solution of the latter subproblems, and an original mixed integer programming model is formulated to determine batches. The proposed methods are discussed on the basis of computational experience carried out on real instances.

Mathematical optimizationEngineeringbusiness.industryFlexible manufacturing systemsGeneral MathematicsFlexible manufacturing systemScheduling (production processes)Production planningFlexible manufacturing systemIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringBottleneckManufacturing engineeringComputer Science ApplicationsProduction planningMachine utilizationComputer-integrated manufacturingControl and Systems EngineeringToolingManufacturing cellbusinessInteger programmingProduction planning; Flexible manufacturing systems; Tooling; Mathematic; SimulationSoftwareMathematicSimulation
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Flow cytometry, sorting and immunocharacterization with proliferating cell nuclear antigen of cycling and non-cycling cells in synchronized pea root …

1997

In the 3-d-old 2-mm root tip of Pisum sativum L. cv. Lincoln the percentage of actively proliferating cells is estimated to be 70%. The remaining cells are non-cycling and arrested with 2C and 4C DNA content in G0 and in G2Q, respectively. In this work we studied the kinetic significance of these quiescent cells, using the sorting capabilities of flow cytometry and immunofluorescence techniques to detect the proliferation marker PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) inside cells within the different cell-cycle compartments. While in animal cells, PCNA is present at a high level only in actively proliferating cells, in 3-d-old pea root tips 95% of the cells are PCNA-positive. After flow …

MeristemPlant ScienceBiologyImmunofluorescencePlant RootsPisumFlow cytometryProliferating Cell Nuclear AntigenGeneticsmedicineHydroxyureaProliferation MarkerFluorescent Antibody Technique IndirectRoot capCell Nucleusmedicine.diagnostic_testCell CyclePeasMicrotomyCell cycleMeristemFlow Cytometrybiology.organism_classificationProliferating cell nuclear antigenCell biologybiology.proteinPlanta
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Modulation of accessory cell function of immortalized bone marrow-derived macrophages by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

1993

To generate cloned macrophage populations with sensitivity towards granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM phi) were immortalized by transformation with SV40. A panel of transformed clones was established. The majority of clones represented independently derived transformants, as evidenced by restriction fragment length polymorphism using genomic DNA digested with EcoRI and TaqI and the 5.2 kb SV40 DNA for hybridization analysis. The cells belong to the macrophage lineage according to several criteria, e.g. the presence of nonspecific esterase, their phagocytic capacity and their morphology. Many clones were potent antigen-presenting c…

Microbiology (medical)ImmunologyAntigen presentationAntigen-Presenting CellsBone Marrow CellsSimian virus 40BiologyGranulocyteMicePhagocytosismedicineImmunology and AllergyMacrophageAnimalsAntigen-presenting cellCells CulturedMice Inbred C3HMacrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorMacrophagesHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorGeneral MedicineBlotting NorthernCell Transformation ViralMolecular biologyClone CellsBlotmedicine.anatomical_structureGranulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factorCell cultureImmunologyDNA ViralBone marrowDNA ProbesPolymorphism Restriction Fragment Lengthmedicine.drugMedical microbiology and immunology
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T cells in reactive arthritis

1993

T cells appear to play a major role in the development, maintenance and also resolution of reactive arthritis (ReA). Recent advances in understanding the processes involved in T cell activation now allow us to examine the peripheral blood and synovial fluid T cell responses to given "arthritogenic" microorganisms in terms of antigen specificity, epitope identification, cytokine secretion patterns, HLA restriction and the role of different T cell subsets in ReA. Peripheral blood bulk proliferation and limiting dilution studies provide evidence that the peripheral T cell response against arthritis-associated gram-negative bacteria is decreased in patients developing immunological sequelae suc…

Microbiology (medical)T-LymphocytesT cellZAP70General MedicineBiologyNatural killer T cellArthritis ReactivePathology and Forensic MedicineInterleukin 21medicine.anatomical_structureAntigenProhibitinsImmunologymedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyCytotoxic T cellIL-2 receptorAntigen-presenting cellAPMIS
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Immune evasion, immunopathology and the regulation of the immune system.

2013

21 pages; International audience; Costs and benefits of the immune response have attracted considerable attention in the last years among evolutionary biologists. Given the cost of parasitism, natural selection should favor individuals with the most effective immune defenses. Nevertheless, there exists huge variation in the expression of immune effectors among individuals. To explain this apparent paradox, it has been suggested that an over-reactive immune system might be too costly, both in terms of metabolic resources and risks of immune-mediated diseases, setting a limit to the investment into immune defenses. Here, we argue that this view neglects one important aspect of the interaction…

Microbiology (medical)medicine.medical_treatmentlcsh:MedicineReviewBiologymedicine.disease_causehygiene hypothesisAutoimmunity03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImmune systemHygiene hypothesisImmunopathologymedicineImmunology and Allergy[ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunologymolecular mimicryMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyimmune evasion0303 health sciencesNatural selectionimmunosuppressionGeneral Immunology and Microbiologylcsh:Rautoimmunityimmune regulationImmunosuppressionbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionEvasion (ethics)Molecular mimicryInfectious DiseasesImmunology[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/ImmunologyTreg cells030215 immunology
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Mannose-Decorated Multicomponent Supramolecular Polymers Trigger Effective Uptake into Antigen-Presenting Cells

2018

A modular route to prepare functional self-assembling dendritic peptide amphiphiles decorated with mannosides, to effectively target antigen-presenting cells, such as macrophages, is reported. The monomeric building blocks were equipped with tetra(ethylene glycol)s (TEGs) or labeled with a Cy3 fluorescent probe. Experiments on the uptake of the multifunctional supramolecular particles into murine macrophages (Mφs) were monitored by confocal microscopy and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Mannose-decorated supramolecular polymers trigger a significantly higher cellular uptake and distribution, relative to TEG carrying bare polymers. No cytotoxicity or negative impact on cytokine producti…

Models MolecularDendrimersMannosidesBiocompatibilitySupramolecular chemistryAntigen-Presenting Cells010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryPolyethylene GlycolsMiceSurface-Active Agentschemistry.chemical_compoundAmphiphileAnimalsAntigen-presenting cellMolecular BiologyCells CulturedFluorescent Dyeschemistry.chemical_classificationMicroscopy Confocal010405 organic chemistryMacrophagesOrganic ChemistryBiological TransportCarbocyaninesCell sorting0104 chemical sciencesSupramolecular polymerschemistryMannosidesBiophysicsMolecular MedicinePeptidesEthylene glycolChemBioChem
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