Search results for "GENE-EXPRESSION"
showing 10 items of 48 documents
DNA Methylation and Non-Coding RNAs during Tissue-Injury Associated Pain.
2022
While about half of the population experience persistent pain associated with tissue damages during their lifetime, current symptom-based approaches often fail to reduce such pain to a satisfactory level. To provide better patient care, mechanism-based analgesic approaches must be developed, which necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the nociceptive mechanism leading to tissue injury-associated persistent pain. Epigenetic events leading the altered transcription in the nervous system are pivotal in the maintenance of pain in tissue injury. However, the mechanisms through which those events contribute to the persistence of pain are not fully understood. This review provides a summar…
ISWI Regulates Higher-Order Chromatin Structure and Histone H1 Assembly In Vivo
2007
Imitation SWI (ISWI) and other ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling factors play key roles in transcription and other processes by altering the structure and positioning of nucleosomes. Recent studies have also implicated ISWI in the regulation of higher-order chromatin structure, but its role in this process remains poorly understood. To clarify the role of ISWI in vivo, we examined defects in chromosome structure and gene expression resulting from the loss of Iswi function in Drosophila. Consistent with a broad role in transcriptional regulation, the expression of a large number of genes is altered in Iswi mutant larvae. The expression of a dominant-negative form of ISWI leads to dramatic a…
Effects of PPARγ agonists on the expression of leptin and vascular endothelial growth factor in breast cancer cells.
2013
The obesity hormone leptin has been implicated in breast cancer development. Breast cancer cells express the leptin receptor and are able to synthesize leptin in response to obesity-related stimuli. Furthermore, leptin is a positive regulator of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and high levels of both proteins are associated with worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligands are therapeutic agents used in patient with Type 2 diabetes and obesity which have recently been studied for their potential anti-tumor effect. Here, we studied if these compounds, ciglitazone and GW1929, can affect the expression of leptin and VEGF in b…
Direct and indirect measurements of enhanced phenolic bioavailability from litchi pericarp procyanidins by Lactobacillus casei-01
2017
Litchi pericarp procyanidins (LPP) are dietary supplements with high antioxidant activity, but poor oral bioavailability and efficacy. Lactobacillus casei (L. casei-01) can transform flavan-3-ols from litchi pericarp and increase their antioxidant ability; thus, L. casei-01 with LPP was administered to rats for four and eight weeks to study the effect of such a combination on metabolic parameters and on phase II metabolism and detoxification pathways in the liver as an indirect measure for phenolic bioavailability. Our data indicated that the T-AOC of the plasma, the liver GSH-Px and GSH-ST activity, and the expression of UGT and SULT isoforms in the liver of the rats were all enhanced afte…
Cross-species transcriptomic analysis elucidates constitutive aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity
2014
Background Research on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has largely focused on variations in toxic outcomes resulting from its activation by halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. But the AHR also plays key roles in regulating pathways critical for development, and after decades of research the mechanisms underlying physiological regulation by the AHR remain poorly characterized. Previous studies identified several core genes that respond to xenobiotic AHR ligands across a broad range of species and tissues. However, only limited inferences have been made regarding its role in regulating constitutive gene activity, i.e. in the absence of exogenous ligands. To address this, we profiled transc…
Screening trematodes for novel intervention targets: a proteomic and immunological comparison of Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma bovis and Echin…
2011
SUMMARYWith the current paucity of vaccine targets for parasitic diseases, particularly those in childhood, the aim of this study was to compare protein expression and immune cross-reactivity between the trematodes Schistosoma haematobium, S. bovis and Echinostoma caproni in the hope of identifying novel intervention targets. Native adult parasite proteins were separated by 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified through electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry to produce a reference gel. Proteins from differential gel electrophoresis analyses of the three parasite proteomes were compared and screened against sera from hamsters infected with S. haematobium and E. caproni fo…
A genome-wide association study of marginal zone lymphoma shows association to the HLA region
2015
Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is the third most common subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Here we perform a two-stage GWAS of 1,281 MZL cases and 7,127 controls of European ancestry and identify two independent loci near BTNL2 (rs9461741, P=3.95 × 10−15) and HLA-B (rs2922994, P=2.43 × 10−9) in the HLA region significantly associated with MZL risk. This is the first evidence that genetic variation in the major histocompatibility complex influences MZL susceptibility.
Mutational Characterization of the Bile Acid Receptor TGR5 in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
2010
Background: TGR5, the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1), has been linked to inflammatory pathways as well as bile homeostasis, and could therefore be involved in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) a chronic inflammatory bile duct disease. We aimed to extensively investigate TGR5 sequence variation in PSC, as well as functionally characterize detected variants.Methodology/Principal Findings: Complete resequencing of TGR5 was performed in 267 PSC patients and 274 healthy controls. Six nonsynonymous mutations were identified in addition to 16 other novel single-nucleotide polymorphisms. To investigate the impact from the nonsynonymous variants on TGR5, we created a receptor mod…
Arabidopsis copper transport protein COPT2 participates in the crosstalk between iron deficiency responses and low phosphate signaling
2013
[EN] Copper and iron are essential micronutrients for most living organisms because they participate as cofactors in biological processes, including respiration, photosynthesis, and oxidative stress protection. In many eukaryotic organisms, including yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and mammals, copper and iron homeostases are highly interconnected; yet, such interdependence is not well established in higher plants. Here, we propose that COPT2, a high-affinity copper transport protein, functions under copper and iron deficiencies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). COPT2 is a plasma membrane protein that functions in copper acquisition and distribution. Characterization of the COPT2 expr…
The PVT-1 oncogene is a Myc protein target that is overexpressed in transformed cells
2007
The human PVT-1 gene is located on chromosome 8 telomeric to the c-Myc gene and it is frequently involved in the translocations occurring in variant Burkitt's lymphomas and murine plasmacytomas. It has been proposed that PVT-1 regulates c-Myc gene transcription over a long distance. To get new insights into the functional relationships between the two genes, we have investigated PVT-1 and c-Myc expression in normal human tissues and in transformed cells. Our findings indicate that PVT-1 expression is restricted to a relative low number of normal tissues compared to the wide distribution of c-Myc mRNA, whereas the gene is highly expressed in many transformed cell types including neuroblastom…