Search results for "GLIOMA"
showing 10 items of 230 documents
Head and neck paragangliomas: Report of 175 patients (1989-2010)
2011
Attention of the otorhinolaryngologist needs to be drawn to the versatile aspects of head and neck paragangliomas (PGLs).This study is a retrospective, nonrandomized clinical study of all 175 individuals with PGLs treated in our department between 1989 and 2010. A genetic analysis was performed on 86 patients.The 175 patients presented 224 head and neck PGLs as well as 2 thyroid papillary carcinomas. Genetic analysis resulted in 1 patient positive for a von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene mutation and 34 for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) gene mutations (22 SDHD, 7 SDHC, and 5 SDHB), 12 of the latter carrying a novel mutation. Thirty-three patients (18.9%) had multiple PGLs and 11 patients (6.3%) h…
Occupational solvent exposure and risk of glioma in the INTEROCC study
2017
BACKGROUND: The aetiology of glioma remains largely unknown. Occupational solvent exposure has been suggested as a putative cause of glioma, but past studies have been inconsistent. We examined the association between a range of solvents and glioma risk within the INTEROCC project, a study of brain tumours and occupational exposures based on data from seven national case-control studies conducted in the framework of the INTERPHONE study. We also investigated associations according to tumour grade.METHODS: Data from the seven countries were standardised and then combined into one aggregate data set. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for adjusted models that included sex, age, country-r…
Imaging of Orthotopic Glioblastoma Xenografts in Mice Using a Clinical CT Scanner: Comparison with Micro-CT and Histology
2016
Purpose There is an increasing need for small animal in vivo imaging in murine orthotopic glioma models. Because dedicated small animal scanners are not available ubiquitously, the applicability of a clinical CT scanner for visualization and measurement of intracerebrally growing glioma xenografts in living mice was validated. Materials and Methods 2.5x106 U87MG cells were orthotopically implanted in NOD/SCID/ᵞc-/- mice (n = 9). Mice underwent contrast-enhanced (300 μl Iomeprol i.v.) imaging using a micro-CT (80 kV, 75 μAs, 360° rotation, 1,000 projections, scan time 33 s, resolution 40 x 40 x 53 μm) and a clinical CT scanner (4-row multislice detector; 120 kV, 150 mAs, slice thickness 0.5 …
Gliofibromas (including malignant forms), and gliosarcomas: a comparative study and review of the literature
1993
The presence of connective tissue elements in gliomas necessitates in every case a thorough analysis of the character and derivation of such elements to allow the formulation of an appropriate diagnosis. Four cases are presented in this paper. In cases 1 and 2 (anaplastic astrocytomas in two children, 9 and 4 years old, respectively) all the neoplastic elements were astrocytes and their ability to produce or indirectly promote the production of reticulin and collagen fibers accounted for the presence of such elements in close association with the tumor cells. The term "gliofibroma" has been coined for such tumors, but "desmoplastic astrocytoma", (low grade or anaplastic) or in highly malign…
Sub-cellular tumor identification and markerless differentiation in the rat brain in vivo by multiphoton microscopy
2012
Objective/Background Aim of the current study was to localize and differentiate between tumor (glioma) and healthy tissue in rat brains on a cellular level. Near-infrared multiphoton microscopy takes advantage of the simultaneous absorption of two or more photons to analyze various materials such as cell and tissue components via the observation of endogenous fluorophores such as NAD(P)H, FAD, porphyrins, melanin, elastin, and collagen, with a very high resolution, without inducing the problems of photo-bleaching on out-of-focus areas. Methods In vitro and in vivo studies on healthy rat brains as well as C6 glioma cell line allografts have been performed. Near-infrared laser pulses (λ = 690…
Morphological Changes within the Rat Lateral Ventricle after the Administration of Proteasome Inhibitors.
2015
The broad variety of substances that inhibit the action of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)—known as proteasome inhibitors—have been used extensively in previous studies, and they are currently frequently proposed as a novel form of cancer treatment and as a protective factor in intracerebral hemorrhage treatment. The experimental data on the safest route of proteasome inhibitor administration, their associated side effects, and the possible ways of minimizing these effects have recently become a very important topic. The aim of our present study was to determine the effects of administering of MG-132, lactacystin and epoxomicin, compounds belonging to three different classes of protea…
Cell death and oxidative stress in gliomas.
1999
In gliomas, apoptosis and necrosis are determined by a number of promoting and inhibiting factors including oxidative cell stress mediated by nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and reduced by superoxide dismutases. Therefore, in 46 gliomas (including astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, oligo-astrocytomas, and glioblastomas), the relationship of apoptosis and necrosis and the expression of apoptosis-promoting (p53, bax, Fas, Fas-L) and inhibiting (bcl-2) factors as well as of different isoforms of NOS (NOSb, NOSe, NOSi) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) were studied. Apoptosis was measured in situ by the TUNEL method while expression profiles of apoptosis-related and oxidative stress-associ…
2-Hydroxyoleate, a nontoxic membrane binding anticancer drug, induces glioma cell differentiation and autophagy
2012
Despite recent advances in the development of new cancer therapies, the treatment options for glioma remain limited, and the survival rate of patients has changed little over the past three decades. Here, we show that 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2OHOA) induces differentiation and autophagy of human glioma cells. Compared to the current reference drug for this condition, temozolomide (TMZ), 2OHOA combated glioma more efficiently and, unlike TMZ, tumor relapse was not observed following 2OHOA treatment. The novel mechanism of action of 2OHOA is associated with important changes in membrane-lipid composition, primarily a recovery of sphingomyelin (SM) levels, which is markedly low in glioma cells bef…
Resection of C6 gliomas in rats with the aid of the waterjet technique
2016
While clinically the safety and efficacy of waterjet resection of brain tumors have been shown, evidence that waterjet dissection improves tumor resection radicality in comparison with conventional techniques is still missing. In the present study, resection radicality and tumor-free long-term survival of both techniques were evaluated in a C6-glioma model.Fifty-thousand C6-glioma cells were stereotactically transplanted in the left frontal lobe of 100 male Sprague-Dawley rats. After MRI-scanning for evaluation of tumor extension, microsurgical tumor resection was performed with conventional techniques (n=50) or with the waterjet dissector at pressures of 6bar (n=50). Twenty-five animals of…
Correlation between EGFR Amplification and the Expression of MicroRNA-200c in Primary Glioblastoma Multiforme
2014
Extensive infiltration of the surrounding healthy brain tissue is a critical feature in glioblastoma. Several miRNAs have been related to gliomagenesis, some of them related with the EGFR pathway. We have evaluated whole-genome miRNA expression profiling associated with different EGFR amplification patterns, studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization in tissue microarrays, of 30 cases of primary glioblastoma multiforme, whose clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features have also been analyzed. MicroRNA-200c showed a very significant difference between tumors having or not EGFR amplification. This microRNA plays an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, but its impl…