Search results for "Gene Expression"

showing 10 items of 4085 documents

Analysis of Drosophila salivary gland, epidermis and CNS development suggests an additional function of brinker in anterior-posterior cell fate speci…

2000

Salivary glands are simple structured organs which can serve as a model system in the study of organogenesis. Following a large EMS mutagenesis we have identified a number of genes required for normal salivary gland development. Mutations in the locus small salivary glands-1 (ssg-1) lead to a drastic reduction in the size of the salivary glands. The gene ssg-1 was cloned and subsequent sequence and genetic analysis showed identity to the recently published gene brinker. The salivary gland placode in brinker mutants appears reduced along both the anterior-posterior and dorso-ventral axis. Analysis of the brinker cuticle phenotype revealed a similar loss of anterior-posterior as well as later…

Central Nervous SystemEmbryologyReceptors SteroidEmbryo NonmammalianMutantLocus (genetics)OrganogenesisBiologyCell fate determinationSalivary GlandsNeuroblastBacterial ProteinsmedicineAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsAdhesins BacterialGeneBody PatterningEmbryonic InductionHomeodomain ProteinsSalivary glandGenetic Complementation TestNeuropeptidesChromosome MappingGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell DifferentiationAnatomyPhenotypeCell biologyRepressor Proteinsmedicine.anatomical_structureEpidermal CellsMutationInsect ProteinsDrosophilaEpidermisDevelopmental BiologyTranscription FactorsMechanisms of development
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Abdominal-A mediated repression of Cyclin E expression during cell-fate specification in the Drosophila central nervous system

2009

Homeotic/Hox genes are known to specify a given developmental pathway by regulating the expression of downstream effector genes. During embryonic CNS development of Drosophila, the Hox protein Abdominal-A (AbdA) is required for the specification of the abdominal NB6-4 lineage. It does so by down regulating the expression of the cell cycle regulator gene Dcyclin E (CycE). CycE is normally expressed in the thoracic NB6-4 lineage to give rise to mixed lineage of neurons and glia, while only glial cells are produced from the abdominal NB6-4 lineage due to the repression of CycE by AbdA. Here we investigate how AbdA represses the expression of CycE to define the abdominal fate of a single NB6-4 …

Central Nervous SystemEmbryologyTranscription GeneticRegulatorCell fate determinationBiologyAnimals Genetically ModifiedCyclin EAnimalsCell LineageTransgenesEnhancerHox genePsychological repressionIn Situ HybridizationRegulator geneHomeodomain ProteinsNeuronsGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell DifferentiationCell cycleMolecular biologyCell biologyDrosophila melanogasterHomeotic geneNeurogliaDevelopmental BiologyMechanisms of Development
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Impact of Ultrabithorax alternative splicing on Drosophila embryonic nervous system development.

2015

Hox genes control divergent segment identities along the anteroposterior body axis of bilateral animals by regulating a large number of processes in a cell context-specific manner. How Hox proteins achieve this functional diversity is a long-standing question in developmental biology. In this study we investigate the role of alternative splicing in functional specificity of the Drosophila Hox gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx). We focus specifically on the embryonic central nervous system (CNS) and provide a description of temporal expression patterns of three major Ubx isoforms during development of this tissue. These analyses imply distinct functions for individual isoforms in different stages of n…

Central Nervous SystemEmbryologyanimal structuresNeurogenesisGenes InsectBiologyCell fate determinationNeuroblastAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsProtein IsoformsHox geneUltrabithoraxGeneticsHomeodomain ProteinsAlternative splicingGenes HomeoboxGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell biologyAlternative Splicingembryonic structuresRNA splicingDrosophilaNeural developmentDrosophila ProteinDevelopmental BiologyTranscription FactorsMechanisms of development
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Expression profiling of prospero in the Drosophila larval chemosensory organ: Between growth and outgrowth

2010

AbstractBackgroundThe antenno-maxilary complex (AMC) forms the chemosensory system of theDrosophilalarva and is involved in gustatory and olfactory perception. We have previously shown that a mutant allele of the homeodomain transcription factor Prospero (prosVoila1,V1), presents several developmental defects including abnormal growth and altered taste responses. In addition, many neural tracts connecting the AMC to the central nervous system (CNS) were affected. Our earlier reports on larval AMC did not argue in favour of a role ofprosin cell fate decision, but strongly suggested thatproscould be involved in the control of other aspect of neuronal development. In order to identify these fu…

Central Nervous SystemMESH : Transcription FactorsMESH: DrosophilaOF-FUNCTION SCREEN;MUSCA-DOMESTICA L;HOUSE-FLY LARVA;FINE-STRUCTURE;AXON GUIDANCE;TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;PATTERN-FORMATION;GENETIC-ANALYSIS;NERVOUS-SYSTEMGenes InsectMESH: Genes InsectAXON GUIDANCEMUSCA-DOMESTICA L0302 clinical medicineMESH: Gene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCluster AnalysisDrosophila ProteinsMESH: AnimalsTRANSCRIPTION FACTORMESH: Nerve Tissue ProteinsMESH : Nerve Tissue ProteinsOF-FUNCTION SCREENOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisGenetics0303 health sciencesMESH : Central Nervous SystemMicrobiology and ParasitologyMESH : Genes InsectGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalNuclear ProteinsMESH: Transcription FactorsNull alleleMicrobiologie et ParasitologieMESH : Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis[ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]Larva[SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]DrosophilaDrosophila ProteinResearch ArticleBiotechnologylcsh:QH426-470MESH: Drosophila Proteinslcsh:BiotechnologyNerve Tissue ProteinsBiotechnologiesBiology03 medical and health sciencesMESH: Gene Expression ProfilingGENETIC-ANALYSIS[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]lcsh:TP248.13-248.65GeneticsAnimalsMESH : Cluster AnalysisMESH: Central Nervous SystemAlleleMESH : DrosophilaAlleles030304 developmental biologyMESH : LarvaMicroarray analysis techniquesHOUSE-FLY LARVAGene Expression ProfilingMESH : Gene Expression ProfilingMESH: AllelesWild typeMESH : Nuclear ProteinsProsperobiology.organism_classificationMESH : Drosophila ProteinsMESH: Cluster AnalysisNERVOUS-SYSTEMGene expression profilinglcsh:GeneticsMESH: Oligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisHomeoboxMESH : AnimalsMESH : Gene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalMESH : AllelesMESH: Nuclear ProteinsMESH: Larva030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTranscription FactorsPATTERN-FORMATIONFINE-STRUCTURE
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The evolutionary history and tissue mapping of GPR123: specific CNS expression pattern predominantly in thalamic nuclei and regions containing large …

2007

The Adhesion family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) includes 33 receptors and is the second largest GPCR family. Most of these proteins are still orphans and fairly little is known of their tissue distribution and evolutionary context. We report the evolutionary history of the Adhesion family protein GPR123 as well as mapping of GPR123 mRNA expression in mouse and rat using in situ hybridization and real-time PCR, respectively. GPR123 was found to be well conserved within the vertebrate lineage, especially within the transmembrane regions and in the distal part of the cytoplasmic tail, containing a potential PDZ binding domain. The real-time PCR data indicates that GPR123 is predomin…

Central Nervous SystemMaleModels MolecularNeuronal signal transductionPDZ domainGene ExpressionContext (language use)In situ hybridizationBiologyBiochemistryReceptors G-Protein-CoupledMiceCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceAnimalsHumansTissue DistributionRNA MessengerNeural Cell Adhesion MoleculesIn Situ HybridizationPhylogenyG protein-coupled receptorReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionPyramidal CellsSubiculumRatsCell biologySignal transductionSequence AlignmentNeuroscienceBinding domainJournal of Neurochemistry
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Characterization of the transporterB0AT3 (Slc6a17) in the rodent central nervous system.

2013

Abstract Background The vesicular B0AT3 transporter (SLC6A17), one of the members of the SLC6 family, is a transporter for neutral amino acids and is exclusively expressed in brain. Here we provide a comprehensive expression profile of B0AT3 in mouse brain using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Results We confirmed previous expression data from rat brain and used a novel custom made antibody to obtain detailed co-labelling with several cell type specific markers. B0AT3 was highly expressed in both inhibitory and excitatory neurons. The B0AT3 expression was highly overlapping with those of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1…

Central Nervous SystemMaleSerotonin reuptake inhibitorVesicular glutamate transporter 1Central nervous systemVesicular Transport ProteinsNerve Tissue ProteinsIn situ hybridizationPharmacology and ToxicologyPharmacologyBiologyPlasma Membrane Neurotransmitter Transport ProteinsRats Sprague-DawleyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceGlutamatergicMiceDopaminePregnancyMonoaminergicmedicineAnimalsRats WistarCells CulturedNeuronsGeneral NeuroscienceNeurosciencesTransporterFarmakologi och toxikologiEmbryo MammalianAntidepressive AgentsRatsMice Inbred C57BLProtein Transportmedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression Regulationbiology.proteinFemaleFood DeprivationNeurovetenskapermedicine.drugResearch ArticleBMC neuroscience
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Single administration of tripeptide α-MSH(11-13) attenuates brain damage by reduced inflammation and apoptosis after experimental traumatic brain inj…

2013

Following traumatic brain injury (TBI) neuroinflammatory processes promote neuronal cell loss. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a neuropeptide with immunomodulatory properties, which may offer neuroprotection. Due to short half-life and pigmentary side-effects of α-MSH, the C-terminal tripeptide α-MSH(11-13) may be an anti-inflammatory alternative. The present study investigated the mRNA concentrations of the precursor hormone proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and of melanocortin receptors 1 and 4 (MC1R/MC4R) in naive mice and 15 min, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after controlled cortical impact (CCI). Regulation of POMC and MC4R expression did not change after trauma, while MC1R levels incr…

Central Nervous SystemMaleendocrine systemAnatomy and PhysiologyPro-OpiomelanocortinMouseScienceAnti-Inflammatory AgentsGene ExpressionApoptosisNeurological SystemImmunomodulationMiceModel OrganismsNeurorehabilitation and TraumaAnimalsMelanocyte-Stimulating HormonesBiologyCalcium-Binding ProteinsMicrofilament ProteinsQRBrainAnimal ModelsPeptide FragmentsMice Inbred C57BLHead InjuryNeurologyImmune SystemBrain InjuriesNervous System ComponentsCytokinesReceptor Melanocortin Type 4MedicineClinical ImmunologyMicrogliaInflammation MediatorsReceptor Melanocortin Type 1hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsResearch ArticleNervous System PhysiologyPLoS ONE
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Induction of identified mesodermal cells by CNS midline progenitors in Drosophila.

1997

ABSTRACT The Drosophila ventral midline cells generate a discrete set of CNS lineages, required for proper patterning of the ventral ectoderm. Here we provide the first evidence that the CNS midline cells also exert inductive effects on the mesoderm. Mesodermal progenitors adjacent to the midline progenitor cells give rise to ventral somatic mucles and a pair of unique cells that come to lie dorsomedially on top of the ventral nerve cord, the so-called DM cells. Cell ablation as well as cell transplantation experiments indicate that formation of the DM cells is induced by midline progenitors in the early embryo. These results are corroborated by genetic analyses. Mutant single minded embryo…

Central Nervous SystemMesodermanimal structuresSomatic cellCellEctodermNerve Tissue ProteinsBiologyMesodermCell MovementProto-Oncogene ProteinsmedicineMorphogenesisAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsProgenitor cellEye ProteinsMolecular BiologyEmbryonic InductionEpidermal Growth FactorCell growthGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalMembrane ProteinsEmbryoAnatomyCell biologyDNA-Binding Proteinsmedicine.anatomical_structureDrosophila melanogasterVentral nerve cordembryonic structuresDevelopmental BiologySignal TransductionTranscription FactorsDevelopment (Cambridge, England)
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The commonly used marker ELAV is transiently expressed in neuroblasts and glial cells in theDrosophilaembryonic CNS

2007

Glial cells in the Drosophila embryonic nervous system can be monitored with the marker Reversed-polarity (Repo), whereas neurons lack Repo and express the RNA-binding protein ELAV (Embryonic Lethal, Abnormal Vision). Since the first description of the ELAV protein distribution in 1991 (Robinow and White), it is believed that ELAV is an exclusive neuronal and postmitotic marker. Looking at ELAV expression, we unexpectedly observed that, in addition to neurons, ELAV is transiently expressed in embryonic glial cells. Furthermore, it is transiently present in the proliferating longitudinal glioblast, and it is transcribed in embryonic neuroblasts. Likewise, elav-Gal4 lines, which are generally…

Central Nervous SystemNervous systemGenes InsectBiologyAnimals Genetically ModifiedGlioblastNeuroblastGenes ReportermedicineAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsEmbryonic Stem CellsNeuronsRegulation of gene expressionGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalEmbryoAnatomyEmbryonic stem cellPhenotypeNeural stem cellCell biologyPhenotypemedicine.anatomical_structureELAV Proteinsnervous systemMutationDrosophilaNeurogliaDevelopmental BiologyDevelopmental Dynamics
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Hunchback is required for the specification of the early sublineage of neuroblast 7-3 in the Drosophila central nervous system.

2002

The Drosophila ventral nerve cord (VNC) derives from neuroblasts (NBs), which mostly divide in a stem cell mode and give rise to defined NB lineages characterized by specific sets of sequentially generated neurons and/or glia cells. To understand how different cell types are generated within a NB lineage, we have focused on the NB7-3 lineage as a model system. This NB gives rise to four individually identifiable neurons and we show that these cells are generated from three different ganglion mother cells (GMCs). The finding that the transcription factor Hunchback (Hb) is expressed in the early sublineage of NB7-3, which consists of the early NB and the first GMC (GMC7-3a) and its progeny (E…

Central Nervous SystemNeuronsCell typeLineage (genetic)biologyStem CellsGene ExpressionAnatomyCell fate determinationbiology.organism_classificationCell biologyDNA-Binding ProteinsDrosophila melanogasterNeuroblastMutagenesisVentral nerve cordAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsCell LineageStem cellDrosophila melanogasterMolecular BiologyDrosophila ProteinDevelopmental BiologyTranscription FactorsDevelopment (Cambridge, England)
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