Search results for "Generation"

showing 10 items of 3050 documents

Second-harmonic Generation Microscopy of Carbon Nanotubes

2012

We image an individual single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) by second-harmonic generation (SHG) and transmission electron microscopy and propose that SHG microscopy could be used to probe the handedness of chiral SWNTs.

Materials sciencePhysics::Medical PhysicsPhysics::OpticsSecond-harmonic generationScanning gate microscopyNanotechnologyCarbon nanotubeSecond Harmonic Generation MicroscopyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effectlaw.inventionOptical properties of carbon nanotubesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTransmission electron microscopylawEnergy filtered transmission electron microscopyPhotoconductive atomic force microscopyConference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2012
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High frequency microwave signal generation using dual-wavelength emission of cascaded DFB fiber lasers with wavelength spacing tunability

2010

[EN] A dual wavelength fiber laser source based on two cascaded phase-shifted fiber Bragg gratings is presented The gratings are written in an erbium-doped fiber each configuring the cavity of a distributed feedback fiber laser The spacing between lasing modes is controlled dynamically by the use of piezoelectric actuators A continuous tuning range of 5-724 pm of the wavelength difference which is equivalent to a photodetected 072-92 GHz range is obtained Efficient generation from the L to the W microwave and millimeter bands has been achieved by heterodyne photodetection of the dual-wavelength optical signal (C) 2010 Elsevier BV All rights reserved

Materials sciencePhysics::OpticsMicrowave generationPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technology7. Clean energyGraded-index fiberFiber lasers020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsFiber Bragg gratingDual-wavelength laserFiber laserTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONES0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFiber Bragg gratingsDispersion-shifted fiberElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPlastic optical fiberbusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringLong-period fiber gratingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsFiber optic sensorOptoelectronicsbusinessOptics Communications
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Profiling of traps in SiO2/Al2O3 gate stack by the charge pumping technique

2006

In this paper, we present our results on the distribution and generation of traps in a SiO 2 /A1 2 O 3 transistor. The investigation has been carried out by using charge pumping measurements, both variable voltage and frequency techniques, and constant voltage stress. By increasing the amplitude of the gate pulse we observe an increase of the charge recombined per cycle closely related to the contribution of shallow traps near the SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 interface. By reducing the pulse frequency we measure an increase in the charge pumping current due to traps located deeper in the Al 2 O 3 . By combining charge pumping and constant voltage stress measurements, we found that the traps are mostly g…

Materials sciencePhysics::OpticsSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicalaw.inventionStress (mechanics)Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceCharge pumpinglawhigh-k materials; charge pumping; traps distribution; traps generationGeneral Materials ScienceTraps generationElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringTransistorCharge (physics)Traps distributionCondensed Matter PhysicsComputer Science::OtherPulse (physics)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCharge pumpingAmplitudeMechanics of MaterialsOptoelectronicsHigh-k materialCurrent (fluid)businessVoltage
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Effect of hydroxyapatite concentration and size on morpho-mechanical properties of PLA-based randomly oriented and aligned electrospun nanofibrous ma…

2019

The growing demand for nanofibrous biocomposites able to provide peculiar properties requires systematic investigations of processing-structure-property relationships. Understanding the morpho-mechanical properties of an electrospun scaffold as a function of the filler features and mat microstructure can aid in designing these systems. In this work, the reinforcing effect of micrometric and nanometric hydroxyapatite particles in polylactic acid-based electrospun scaffold presenting random and aligned fibers orientation, was evaluated. The particles incorporation was investigated trough Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance. The morphology of the nanofibers …

Materials sciencePolyestersNanofibersBiomedical EngineeringBiocompatible Materials02 engineering and technologyBone tissuePolylactic acidHydroxyapatitePre-osteoblatic cellsBiomaterialsMice03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallinity0302 clinical medicineElectricityPolylactic acidTensile StrengthUltimate tensile strengthmedicineAnimalsParticle SizeComposite materialFourier transform infrared spectroscopyCell ProliferationMechanical PhenomenaElectrospinningGuided Tissue RegenerationViscositySettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria Industriale3T3 Cells030206 dentistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyElectrospinningDurapatitemedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryMechanics of MaterialsAttenuated total reflectionNanofiberAligned fibers0210 nano-technology
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Modular approach to obtaining organic glasses from low-molecular weight dyes using 1,1,1-triphenylpentane auxiliary groups: Nonlinear optical propert…

2013

Abstract A new modular synthetic approach to obtain organic glasses from low-molecular weight azobenzenes and stilbenes has been accomplished using 1,1,1-triphenylpentane crystallization preventing auxiliary groups. Six new structures show excellent solubility in non-polar solvents and thin films with good optical qualities have been obtained using a spin-coating technique. The glass transition temperatures of the new amorphous materials were in the range of 73–108 °C. The nonlinear optical activity in thin amorphous films was measured after a corona poling procedure.

Materials scienceProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Chemical EngineeringSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsCorona polinglaw.inventionAmorphous solidchemistry.chemical_compoundAzobenzenechemistryChemical engineeringlawOrganic chemistryThin filmCrystallizationGlass transitionDyes and Pigments
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Heat and mass transfer analysis in single cell of PEFC using different PEM and GDL at higher temperature

2019

Abstract According to the H2 and fuel cell road map in Japan, the target operating temperature of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) should be 90 °C from 2020 to 2025. In this study, the impact of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) and gas diffusion layer (GDL)'s thickness on heat and mass transfer characteristics as well as power generation performance of PEFC is investigated at operating temperature of 90 °C. The in-plane temperature distributions on anode and cathode separator are also measured using thermograph. As a result, it is observed that the increase in power from 1 W to 5 W at the current density of 0.80 A/cm2 as well as even temperature distribution within 1 °C can be obtaine…

Materials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyElectrolyte010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesCathode0104 chemical sciencesAnodelaw.inventionFuel TechnologyElectricity generationOperating temperaturelawMass transferComposite material0210 nano-technologyCurrent densitySeparator (electricity)International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
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Room temperature electrodeposition of photoactive Cd(OH)2 nanowires

2009

Cd(OH)2 nanowires (NWs) were successfully prepared by room temperature electrogeneration of base using Cd(NO3)2 aqueous electrolyte and Anodic Alumina Membrane (AAM) as template. Cd(OH)2 films have been also deposited on tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) for comparison. SEM analysis shows high quality deposits made of closely packed nanowires (NWs) into AAM and uniform flake-like surface on ITO. XRD analysis reveals that Cd(OH)2 films on ITO are polycrystalline, while the nanowires grow along the preferential directions [100] and [110]. Photoelectrochemical measurements show that Cd(OH)2 NWs are photoactive materials with indirect and direct band gap of 2.15 and 2.75 eV, respectively. Keywords: …

Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeBand gapNanowireOxidechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologylcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundTransition metalBand gapElectrochemistryNanowiresElectrogeneration of baseCd(OH)2Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataChemical engineeringchemistrylcsh:Industrial electrochemistrylcsh:QD1-999Direct and indirect band gapsCrystallitenanowire band gap electrodepositionIndiumlcsh:TP250-261
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Bioengineering of the silica-polymerizing enzyme silicatein-alpha for a targeted application to hydroxyapatite.

2009

Since its discovery, numerous biotechnological approaches have aimed to explore the silica-polymerizing catalytic activity of the enzyme silicatein. In vivo, silicatein catalyzes polymerization of amorphous silica nanospheres from soluble precursors. In vitro, it directs the formation of nanostructured biosilica. This is of interest for various applications that strive to benefit from both the advantages of the biological system (i.e., silica synthesis under physiological conditions) and the cell mineralization-stimulating effect of biosilica. However, so far immobilization of silicatein has been hampered by the complex multistep procedure required. In addition, the chemical surface modific…

Materials scienceSilicon dioxidePolymersSus scrofaBiomedical EngineeringNanofibersGlutamic AcidBioengineeringPlasma protein bindingBiochemistryBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundTissue engineeringAnimalsBone regenerationMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationEnzymes ImmobilizedSilicon DioxideCathepsinsEnzymeDurapatitechemistryBiochemistryNanofiberCrystallizationSuberitesBiotechnologyBiomedical engineeringBiomineralizationSuberitesProtein BindingActa biomaterialia
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Transformation of vaterite nanoparticles to hydroxycarbonate apatite in a hydrogel scaffold: relevance to bone formation.

2020

Biomimetic materials have been gaining increasing importance for use as bone biomaterials, because they may provide regenerative alternatives for the use of autologous tissues for bone regeneration. We demonstrate a promising alternative for the use of biomimetic materials based on a biodegradable PEG hydrogel loaded with vaterite nanoparticles as mineral storage. Vaterite, the least stable CaCO3 polymorph, is stable enough to ensure the presence of a potential ion buffer for bone regeneration, but still has sufficient reactivity for the transformation from CaCO3 to hydroxyapatite (HA). A combination of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT…

Materials scienceSimulated body fluidBiomedical EngineeringNanoparticleNanotechnologymacromolecular substancesGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicinePhosphatelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringlawVateriteSelf-healing hydrogelsGeneral Materials ScienceReactivity (chemistry)Electron microscopeBone regenerationJournal of materials chemistry. B
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Pressure effect investigations on spin-crossover coordination compounds

2018

International audience; The piezochromic properties of spin-crossover complexes have been recognized for a long time, with increasing pressure favouring the low spin state due to its smaller volume and therefore shifting the spin equilibrium towards higher temperatures and accelerating the relaxation at a given temperature. However, the interpretation and quantification of pressure-induced changes have been several times compromised by the relatively poor and incomplete spectral and structural information provided by the detection methods or due to the experimental difficulties related to the need for hydrostatic conditions at low temperatures. The present review is therefore primarily focu…

Materials scienceSpin statesGeneral Chemical Engineering02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslaw.inventionCoordination complexlawSpin crossoverQD[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryHigh-pressure chemistrySpin-½chemistry.chemical_classificationRelaxation (NMR)General Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySpin crossover0104 chemical sciencesVolume (thermodynamics)chemistryChemical physicsHydrostatic equilibrium0210 nano-technologyPressure generation
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