Search results for "Geta"

showing 10 items of 3789 documents

Dans quels systèmes de culture les adventices résiduelles peuvent-elles réduire la lixiviation du nitrate et l’érosion des sols ?

2019

National audience; Si les adventices sont un bioagresseur majeur des cultures, elles peuvent également fournir des services bénéfiques pour les agroécosystèmes. Cette étude, basée sur l’utilisation d’un modèle de simulation, vise à identifier les déterminants de deux bénéfices environnementaux dus aux adventives. Les résultats montrent que la contribution de la flore adventice résiduelle pour réduire la lixiviation du nitrate et l’érosion des sols sont davantage influencés par les techniques culturales, que par les caractéristiques biologiques des espèces adventices. Le travail du sol et la rotation des cultures sont les techniques culturales les plus influentes. Cette étude identifie quelq…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesinterculture[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]lixiviation du nitrate[SDE]Environmental Sciencesflore adventice résiduelle;lixiviation du nitrate;érosion des sols;bénéfice;intercultureérosion des solsbénéfice[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
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Gestion des adventices en semis-direct : l’effet du couvert varie selon les ressources du sol et le mode de destruction du couvert

2019

National audience; Un essai pluriannuel en semi-direct a testé l’effet des couverts sur la flore adventice et sur les cultures suivantes conduites sans fertilisation et sans désherbage. Une augmentation du nombre d’espèces cultivées dans un mélange ne permet pas de mieux concurrencer les adventices. Un apport d’azote au semis permet au couvert de produire plus de biomasse de couvert mais ne réduit pas le salissement dans le couvert. Comparé à l’action du gel ou au roulage des couverts sur le gel, la destruction chimique du couvert (glyphosate) a réduit l’infestation des adventices dans la culture suivante. Les couverts ne peuvent pas à eux seul assurer une régulation complète des adventices…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesinterculturerégulation biologiqueglyphosate[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciencescompétition[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologydiversité
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Reciprocal interactions between plants and fluorescent pseudomonads in relation with iron in the rhizosphere

2007

International audience; Iron is an essential element for plants and microbes. However, in most cultivated soils, the concentration of iron available for these living organisms is very low since its solubility is controlled by stable hydroxides, oxyhydroxides and oxides. The high demand for iron by plants and microorganisms in the rhizosphere together with its low availability in soils leads to a strong competition for this nutrient among living organisms. To face this competition, plants and microorganisms have developed active strategies of iron uptake. In non graminaceous plants (strategy I), iron uptake relies on acidification and reduction of Fe+++ in Fe++ which incorporated in the root…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesironnutritionpyoverdine[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyplant[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyfluorescent pseudomonas
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Leaf surface roughness characterization by image processing

2013

International audience

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesleaf roughnessprecision agriculturecharacterization of the leaf surface[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSaccurate sprayingtexture analysisspectral analysis
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A new journal on the legume research horizon - Legume Perspectives; Legume Perspectives Editorial Board

2013

International audience; Through the decades of research on various legume species and crops worldwide, its results have been published in an endless number of national and international journals and magazines dealing with various topics. It is certain that the articles on genetics, propelled by Mendel’s pioneering work, are among the most numerous, but it is also true that those on agronomy, agro-ecology, or stress tolerance were produced rather abundantly. So far, there has not been a journal devoted specifically to legume science, except Legume Research published by the Agricultural Research Communication Centre, India. We have published our articles in several crop-specific journals, suc…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Scienceslegume research[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciencesjournal[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologylegume perspectives
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Phenotipage racinaire, cas d'étude des légumineuses

2012

National audience

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Scienceslégumineuses[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciencesphenotypage[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Development of a new functional marker for β-triketone herbicides exposure in agricultural soils

2018

The β-triketone herbicides are maize selective herbicides that have been largely applied in replacement of atrazine, banned in Europe in 2003. Their mode of action lays on the inhibition of the p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), a key enzyme of the carotenoid biosynthesis. In recent studies, we showed that within the soil bacterial community, many microorganisms possess a functional HPPD enzyme involved in tyrosine metabolism. These “non-target organisms” harbor the target of the β-triketone herbicides and consequently may be affected in response to its exposure. Within this context, the objective of our work is to check for the interest of hppd bacterial community as a marker of e…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesmarker[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyβ-triketone herbicides;bacterial communities;ecotoxicology;marker;soilbacterial communitiesecotoxicologysoil
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Discrimination génétique de clones de Pinot Noir et de Chardonnay par marquage microsatellite

2013

National audience; Face aux difficultés d’améliorer la traçabilité des clones, nous avons exploré la possibilité d’utiliser des marqueurs neutres tels que les marqueurs microsatellites pour discriminer des clones de vigne. Les marqueurs microsatellites ont été choisis pour leurs caractères mono-locus, co-dominants et faciles à développer. Il sont ainsi permis de caractériser une collection de clones Pinot Noir et de Chardonnay. Cette collection de 82 clones est composée d’un clone de Gamay constituant la référence extérieure définissant l’enracinement de l’arbre phylogénétique, 48 clones de Pinot Noir et 33 clones de Chardonnay. Cette collection est constituée de clones agrées, de clones is…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesmarqueurs génétiques[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyvigne
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Weed flora evolution in direct seeding under cover systems

2018

Direct seeding under cover, by its emergent properties, raises new questions of research on weed communities. The absence of soil disturbance and the implementation of cover crops, modify all factors of conventional agriculture and lead to a complete change of habitat for and management of the weed flora. In addition, these systems allow the development of a certain number of animal communities that interact with one another and with plant communities and thus potentially promote the regulations expected in Agroecology. Finally, there is the issue of annual weed species diversity in systems where tillage is strongly reduced. This thesis, started in November 2017, has as main objective to pr…

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesmaximum soil coverageconservation agricultureno tillage[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyweed flora
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Weed flora evolution in direct seeding under cover systems

2019

Since the beginning of agriculture, farmers have been working the soil to produce. With the apparition of mechanization (development of plow coupled to tractors in the early 20th century), this practice has intensified and widespread on all farms. However, in France, since the 2000s, more and more farmers are questioning the utility of working the soil to produce. A new form of agriculture has appeared; the direct seeding under cover which groups together a set of cropping systems that meet certain requirements: no tillage, maximum vegetation cover and diversified rotation. By its emergent properties, this new form of agriculture raises new questions of research that mobilize both agronomy …

[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE] Environmental Sciencesmaximum soil coverageconservation agricultureno tillage[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio][SDE]Environmental Sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology[SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biologyweed flora
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