Search results for "Gradation"

showing 10 items of 1275 documents

Human induced soil erosion and gully system development in the Late Holocene and future perspectives on landscape evolution: The Myjava Hill Land, Sl…

2013

In humid climate zones, like Central Europe, past soil erosion and gullying are strongly connected with agricultural expansion, and extreme soil erosion events often play an important role in land abandonment. This paper provides a case study to demonstrate the interaction between land use, soil erosion, floodplain development, and land use changes in a 0-order catchment in the Babikovce catchment, Myjava Hill Land, situated in western Slovakia. Sedimentological, pedological, geoarchaeological and historical data indicate two main periods of intensive hillslope erosion and gullying since the High Middle Ages. In particular, a few extreme precipitation events (or rapid snowmelts) caused inte…

Hydrologygeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryLand useFloodplainAggradationErosionDrainage basinWoodlandRavineSurface runoffGeologyEarth-Surface ProcessesGeomorphology
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The Effect of Hydrology on Soil Erosion

2020

In this Special Issue, we have tried to include manuscripts about soil erosion and degradation processes and the accelerated rates due to hydrological processes and climate change. We considered that the main goal was successfully reached. The new research focused on measurements, modelling, and experiments under field or laboratory conditions developed at different scales (pedon, hillslope, and catchment) were submitted and published. This Special Issue received investigations from different parts of the world such as Ethiopia, Morocco, China, Iran, Italy, Portugal, Greece and Spain, among others. We are happy to see that all papers presented findings characterized as unconventional, provo…

Hydrologylcsh:TD201-500soil erosionlcsh:Hydraulic engineeringLand usehydrological processesdifferent scalesGeography Planning and DevelopmentClimate changeexperimentsAquatic ScienceBiochemistryNatural resourcemodelslcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesGeographylcsh:TC1-978Soil retrogression and degradationUrbanizationLand degradationSoil conservationSurface runoffWater Science and TechnologyWater
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Biopolymeric bilayer films produced by co-extrusion film blowing

2018

Abstract Biodegradable packaging promises a more environmentally friendly future. Nevertheless, a single biopolymer often lacks of some important properties. In order to contribute to this challenge, biodegradable bilayer films from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and MaterBi® were prepared in this work and compared with monolayer films obtained with both the polymers. The prepared films were fully characterized through morphological, mechanical, thermal, chemical, optical and water contact angle analyses. Furthermore, the hydrolytic degradation of monolayer and bilayer films was studied by performing tests at three different pH. The morphological analysis revealed that PLA/MaterBi bilayer films sh…

Hydrolytic degradationMaterials sciencePolymers and Plastics02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesContact anglechemistry.chemical_compoundMonolayerPolymer chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationpHBilayerOrganic ChemistryPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesLactic acidchemistryChemical engineeringBilayer filmengineeringBiodegradablePLADegradation (geology)BiopolymerElongation0210 nano-technologyMelt processingPolymer Testing
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Polymere ester von säuren des Phosphors, 3. Polymerisation des 2-Äthoxy-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholans

1975

2-Athoxy-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan (1) wird durch verschiedene Alkoholate sehr schnell und in hoher Ausbeute zu Poly[oxy(athoxyphosphoryl)oxyathylen] (3) polymerisiert. Die Produkte sind hochviskos und farbols. Sie losen sich in Wasser, Alkoholen, Tetrahydrofuran, Dioxan, Methylenchlorid, Chloroform und Dimethylsulfoxid; unloslich sind sie in Ather und in Kohlenwasserstoffen. Polymerisationsgrade bis 83 (M = 12600) wurden gemessen. In wasriger Losung bei Raumtemperatur erfolgte auch nach Tagen kein merklicher hydrolytischer Abbau. Der mutmaslich anionische Polymerisationsmechanismus und mogliche Nebenreaktionen werden kurz diskutiert. 2-Ethoxy-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane (1) is polymeriz…

Hydrolytic degradationchemistry.chemical_compoundChloroformAqueous solutionchemistryPolymerizationPolymer chemistrymedicineEtherMethyleneChlorideTetrahydrofuranmedicine.drugDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Zn,Al hydrotalcites calcined at different temperatures: Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity in gas–solid regime

2011

Abstract Layered double hydroxides (LDH) containing zinc and aluminium within the brucite-like layers and carbonate as the interlayer anion have been used as precursors for the preparation of mixed metal oxides by calcination. Zinc oxide and the ZnAl 2 O 4 spinel were formed with different degree of crystallinity depending of two parameters, i.e., the Zn 2+ /Al 3+ molar ratio and the calcination temperature (500–800 °C) of the LDH precursor. A pure spinel phase was obtained to remove ZnO upon a basic post-treatment in NaOH solution of the samples calcined at 800 °C. All the samples were tested for the photodegradation of 2-propanol in gas–solid regime. All the samples resulted active as het…

HydrotalciteChemistryProcess Chemistry and TechnologySpinelInorganic chemistryLayered double hydroxideschemistry.chemical_elementZincengineering.materialHeterogeneous catalysisCatalysislaw.inventionphotocatalysiCrystallinityZnAl2O4lawLayered double hydroxideZnOengineeringCalcinationSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologiePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhotodegradationJournal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical
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Nouvelles perspectives concernant la structure et la fonction du domaine carboxyl terminal de Hfq

2015

Accumulating evidence indicates that RNA metabolism components assemble into supramolecular cellular structures to mediate functional compartmentalization within the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterial cell. This cellular compartmentalization could play important roles in the processes of RNA degradation and maturation. These components include Hfq, the RNA chaperone protein, which is involved in the post-transcriptional control of protein synthesis mainly by the virtue of its interactions with several small regulatory ncRNAs (sRNA). The Escherichia coli Hfq is structurally organized into two domains. An N-terminal domain that folds as strongly bent β-sheets within individual protomers to…

IDP intrinsically-disordered proteinslcsh:Lifelcsh:QR1-502sub-membrane macromolecular assemblyPlasma protein bindingsRNA small non-coding RNABiochemistrylcsh:Microbiologyamyloid fibrilsProtein biosynthesis0303 health sciences[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM]Escherichia coli Proteins030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyHfqCTRp Hfq C-terminal peptideFTIR Fourier transform infrared spectroscopyNTR N-terminal regionCompartmentalization (psychology)Cell biology[SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/BiophysicsRNA Bacterialsmall non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA)BiochemistryFSD Fourier self-deconvolutionTransfer RNAAmyloid fibrilProtein BindingBiophysicsBiologyHost Factor 1 Protein03 medical and health sciencesEscherichia coliThT thioflavin T[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyProtein Structure QuaternaryncRNA regulatory non-coding RNAPost-transcriptional regulationMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyOriginal PaperC-terminusRNA[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biologyCell Biologycellular compartmentalizationWT wild-typeProtein Structure Tertiarylcsh:QH501-531Host Factor 1 ProteinCTR Hfq C-terminal regionribonucleic acid (RNA) processing and degradationBiophysicpost-transcriptional regulationBioscience Reports
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Micropollutants removal in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor and in an aerobic conventional treatment plant

2012

The paper expresses an attempt to tackle the problem due to the presence of micropollutants in wastewater which may be able to disrupt the endocrine system of some organisms. These kinds of compounds are ubiquitously present in municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents. The aim of this paper is to compare the fate of the alkylphenols-APs (4-(tert-octyl)) phenol, t-nonylphenol and 4-p-nonylphenol and the hormones (estrone, 17ß-estradiol and 17¿-ethinylestradiol) in a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAMBR) pilot plant and in a conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (CTP). The obtained results are also compared with the results obtained in a previous stud…

INGENIERIA HIDRAULICAUnclassified drugEffluentsExtractionEstrogenic hormonesOxic conditionsMembrane bioreactorDegradationBioreactorsEndocrinologyChemical structureLimit of Detection(4 (tert octyl)) phenolWater PollutantsAnaerobiosisWater Science and TechnologyPilot plantsWaste water managementEstradiolChemistryMembranePhenol derivativeWater samplingPulp and paper industryWaste treatmentEndocrine disruptorWastewaterPollutant removalMembrane bioreactorSewage treatmentActivated sludge plantsAnaerobic exerciseAnaerobic membrane bioreactorActivated sludge plantChromatography GasEnvironmental EngineeringWaste water treatment plantHydraulic retention timeEstroneBioreactorMass fragmentographyPollutantSewage pumping plantsArticlePhenolsEthinylestradiolBioreactorWater treatment plantsEffluentSolid Phase MicroextractionTECNOLOGIA DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE3 nonylphenolChromatography4 nonylphenolAlkylphenol polyoxyethyl etherMembranes ArtificialAlkylphenolsHormoneHormonesActivated sludgeActivated sludgeAnoxic conditionsWater Science and Technology
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Designed biodegradable hydrogel structures prepared by stereolithography using poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(D,L-lactide)-based resins

2010

Designed three-dimensional biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(D,L-lactide) hydrogel structures were prepared for the first time by stereolithography at high resolutions. A photo-polymerisable aqueous resin comprising PDLLA-PEG-PDLLA-based macromer, visible light photo-initiator, dye and inhibitor in DMSO/water was used to build the structures. Porous and non-porous hydrogels with well-defined architectures and good mechanical properties were prepared. Porous hydrogel structures with a gyroid pore network architecture showed narrow pore size distributions, excellent pore interconnectivity and good mechanical properties. The structures showed good cell seeding characteristics, and human…

IR-80283Materials scienceStereolithographyPolyestersPharmaceutical ScienceDesigned porous structuresSCAFFOLDSHydrogel Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylatelaw.inventionPolyethylene GlycolsMacromer photo-polymerisationCONSTRUCTSchemistry.chemical_compoundMETIS-272859lawPolymer chemistryGLYCOL)Cell Adhesionmacromer photopolymerisationHumansTissue engineeringPorosityStereolithographyAqueous solutiontechnology industry and agricultureMesenchymal Stem CellsMacromonomerResins SyntheticPhotopolymerBiodegradation EnvironmentalchemistryChemical engineeringBiodegradable hydrogelsSelf-healing hydrogelsCELLS090301 BiomaterialsEthylene glycolGyroid
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Image analysis for detecting aggregate gradation in asphalt mixture from planar images

2012

Abstract The mechanical properties of bituminous mixture strongly depend on the gradation of the aggregate that represents the mineral skeleton of the mixture, since for open and gap-graded mixtures, stresses due to vehicles in movement on the pavement are mainly transmitted through their contacts. Internal structure of bituminous mixture is, therefore, of great interest for road and infrastructure engineering and it is appropriate to study it with recently developed image analysis method. The purpose of this study was to finalize an effective analysis of asphalt section image for automatically extracting aggregate gradation without the need of separation of the bitumen from the aggregate. …

Image analysis Segmentation techniques Asphalt mixture Gradation controlMaterials scienceAggregate (composite)business.industryBuilding and ConstructionImage (mathematics)Digital imagePlanarAsphaltSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed AeroportiGeneral Materials ScienceSegmentationGradationGeotechnical engineeringProcess engineeringbusinessAnalysis methodCivil and Structural EngineeringConstruction and Building Materials
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Improved Photocatalytic Activity of Polysiloxane TiO2 Composites by Thermally Induced Nanoparticle Bulk Clustering and Dye Adsorption

2021

Fine control of nanoparticle clustering within polymeric matrices can be tuned to enhance the physicochemical properties of the resulting composites, which are governed by the interplay of nanoparticle surface segregation and bulk clustering. To this aim, out-of-equilibrium strategies can be leveraged to program the multiscale organization of such systems. Here, we present experimental results indicating that bulk assembly of highly photoactive clusters of titanium dioxide nanoparticles within an in situ synthesized polysiloxane matrix can be thermally tuned. Remarkably, the controlled nanoparticle clustering results in improved degradation photocatalytic performances of the material under …

In situMaterials scienceNanoparticleSurfaces and InterfacesThermal treatmentCondensed Matter PhysicsMatrix (chemical analysis)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCoating materials Oxides Composites Nanoparticles Cluster chemistryElectrochemistryPhotocatalysisDegradation (geology)Settore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materialCluster analysisSpectroscopyMethylene blueSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica FisicaLangmuir
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