Search results for "Growth factor"
showing 10 items of 1300 documents
Sustained complete hematologic remission after administration of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate in a patient with refractory, second…
2002
Abstract Imatinib mesylate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting bcr-abl, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R), and c-Kit, effectively induces hematologic and cytogenetic remissions in bcr-abl+ chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with only mild to moderate side effects. Here, we describe the successful treatment of a 64-year-old man with c-Kit+ secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) refractory to standard chemotherapy. Upon 2 weeks of imatinib mesylate administration, the patient achieved a complete hematologic remission in peripheral blood. In addition, complete clearance of leukemic blasts in bone marrow and a significant cytogenetic response…
Fasting-Mimicking Diet Is Safe and Reshapes Metabolism and Antitumor Immunity in Patients with Cancer.
2021
Abstract In tumor-bearing mice, cyclic fasting or fasting-mimicking diets (FMD) enhance the activity of antineoplastic treatments by modulating systemic metabolism and boosting antitumor immunity. Here we conducted a clinical trial to investigate the safety and biological effects of cyclic, five-day FMD in combination with standard antitumor therapies. In 101 patients, the FMD was safe, feasible, and resulted in a consistent decrease of blood glucose and growth factor concentration, thus recapitulating metabolic changes that mediate fasting/FMD anticancer effects in preclinical experiments. Integrated transcriptomic and deep-phenotyping analyses revealed that FMD profoundly reshapes antican…
Effect of sulfur dioxide on cytokine production of human alveolar macrophages in vitro.
1996
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and transforming growth factor-beta are cytokines synthesized by alveolar macrophages. We investigated the effect of sulfur dioxide, a major air pollutant, on the production of these cytokines by alveolar macrophages. The cells were layered on a polycarbonate membrane and exposed for 30 min to 0.0, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 ppm sulfur dioxide at 37 degrees C and 100% air humidity. The cells were incubated for 24 h after exposure, thus allowing cytokine release. Cytotoxic effects of sulfur dioxide were evaluated by trypan blue exclusion. Cytokines were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (i.e., tumor necrosis factor-alpha, i…
Genome-wide association and longitudinal analyses reveal genetic loci linking pubertal height growth, pubertal timing and childhood adiposity
2013
The pubertal height growth spurt is a distinctive feature of childhood growth reflecting both the central onset of puberty and local growth factors. Although little is known about the underlying genetics, growth variability during puberty correlates with adult risks for hormone-dependent cancer and adverse cardiometabolic health. The only gene so far associated with pubertal height growth, LIN28B, pleiotropically influences childhood growth, puberty and cancer progression, pointing to shared underlying mechanisms. To discover genetic loci influencing pubertal height and growth and to place them in context of overall growth and maturation, we performed genome-wide association meta-analyses i…
The Role of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in Airway Inflammation of Childhood Asthma
2013
TGF-beta-targeting structural and inflammatory cells has been implicated in the mechanisms leading to the inflammatory and restructuring processes in asthma, suggesting an impact of TGF-beta1 signaling on the development and persistency of this disease. We investigated the potential early involvement of TGF-beta1 activity in the immunological and molecular mechanisms underlying progression of inflammation in childhood asthma. We evaluated the levels of TGF-beta1 in induced sputum supernatants (ISSs) and the expression of small mother cell against decapentaplegic (Smad) 2 and Smad7 proteins in induced sputum cells (ISCs) from children with intermittent asthma (IA), moderate asthma (MA) and c…
Acute intermittent nicotine treatment induces fibroblast growth factor-2 in the subventricular zone of the adult rat brain and enhances neuronal prec…
2007
Abstract Over the past years, evidence has accumulated that stem cells are present in the adult brain, and generate neurons and/or glia from two active germinal zones: the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. This study shows that acute intermittent nicotine treatment significantly enhances neuronal precursor cell proliferation in the SVZ of adult rat brain, but not in the SGZ of the hippocampus, and pre-treatment with mecamylamine, a nonselective nAChR antagonist, blocks the enhanced precursor proliferation by nicotine. This effect is supported by up-regulation of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) mRNA …
Differential effect of insulin and epidermal growth factor on the mRNA translocation system and transport of specific poly(A+) mRNA and poly(A-) mRNA…
1990
The efficiency of efflux of rapidly labeled poly(A)-containing mRNA from isolated rat liver nuclei was found to be modulated by insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in a biphasic but opposite way. At physiological concentrations (10 pM insulin and 1 pM EGF), maximal stimulation of the transport rate by insulin (to 137%) and maximal inhibition by EGF (to 69%) were obtained; at higher concentrations (greater than 100 pM and greater than 10 pM, respectively), the amount of poly(A)-containing mRNA released into the postnuclear supernatant was nearly identical with the level found in untreated nuclei (= 100%). Using mRNA entrapped into closed nuclear envelope (NE) vesicles as a model system…
Functional FLT1 genetic variation is a prognostic factor for recurrence in stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer
2015
Background: We propose that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway of angiogenesis will associate with survival in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Methods: Fifty-three SNPs in vascular endothelial growth factor-pathway genes were genotyped in 150 European stage I-III NSCLC patients and tested for associations with patient survival. Replication was performed in an independent cohort of 142 European stage I-III patients. Reporter gene assays were used to assess the effects of SNPs on transcriptional activity. Results: In the initial cohort, five SNPs associated (q < 0.05) with relapse-free survival (RFS). The minor allele…
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Cell Expression During Adjuvant Treatment After Transurethral Resection for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cance…
2019
Abstract Background The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) measurement in bladder washings of patients affected by non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and its prognostic role in identifying risk subgroups and predicting disease recurrence and progression. Patients and Methods Patients with NMIBC treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) from 2012 to 2015 were enrolled. Samples of bladder washings were collected and stored at −80°C until RNA extraction. The cDNA obtained from RNA was used to perform a gene expression analysis by a real time polymerase chain reaction. Results An adequate cellular pellet was…
The Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 (Irs1) in Intestinal Epithelial Differentiation and in Colorectal Cancer
2012
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with lifestyle factors that affect insulin/IGF signaling, of which the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) is a key transducer. We investigated expression, localization and pathologic correlations of IRS1 in cancer-uninvolved colonic epithelium, primary CRCs with paired liver metastases and in vitro polarizing Caco2 and HT29 cells. IRS1 mRNA and protein resulted higher, relative to paired mucosa, in adenomas of familial adenomatous polyposis patients and in CRCs that overexpressed c-MYC, ß-catenin, InsRß, and IGF1R. Analysis of IRS1 immunostaining in 24 cases of primary CRC with paired colonic epithelium and hepatic metastasis showed that staining inten…