Search results for "HELMINTH"
showing 10 items of 363 documents
Ocurrence of enteroparasites with zoonotic potential in animals of the rural area of San Andres, Chimborazo, Ecuador.
2021
Abstract Objective The aim of this research was the identification of the enteroparasites harbored by the animals of the San Andres community, to evaluate their role as susceptible hosts and sources of infection for other animals, humans (zoonoses), as well as parasite forms spreaders to the environment in this rural area, located in the province of Chimborazo, Ecuadorian Andean region. Material and methods The study was carried out combining 3 coproparasitological techniques: direct examination, Ritchie and Ziehl-Neelsen in 300 animal stool samples Results Blastocystis sp., Entamoeba spp., Giardia spp., Balantidium spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Ascaris spp., Toxocara spp., Ancylostoma spp., …
The revised microRNA complement of Fasciola hepatica reveals a plethora of overlooked microRNAs and evidence for enrichment of immuno-regulatory micr…
2015
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gene regulators that have recently been shown to down-regulate the immune response via extracellular vesicles in the mammalian host of helminthic parasites. Using the miRNA prediction pipeline miRCandRef, we expanded the current miRNA set of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda) from 16 to 54 miRNAs (42 conserved and 13 novel). Comparing the cellular expression levels with extracellular vesicles, we found all miRNAs expressed and enriched for miRNAs with immuno-regulatory function, tissue growth and cancer. Our findings support the hypothesis that miRNAs are the molecular mediators of the previously demonstrated immune modulatory function of e…
The first community-based report on the effect of genital Schistosoma haematobium infection on female fertility.
2009
A cross-sectional study in an Schistosoma haematobium endemic area of rural Zimbabwe examined 483 resident women between the ages of 20 and 49 years who were interviewed about fertility. S. haematobium ova in genital tissue was found to be significantly associated with infertility.
Intestinal Trematode Infections
2014
Intestinal trematodes are among the most common types of parasitic worms. About 76 species belonging to 14 families have been recorded infecting humans. Infection commonly occurs when humans eat raw or undercooked foods that contain the infective metacercariae. These parasites are diverse in regard to their morphology, geographical distribution and life cycle, which make it difficult to study the parasitic diseases that they cause. Many of these intestinal trematodes have been considered as endemic parasites in the past. However, the geographical limits and the population at risk are currently expanding and changing in relation to factors such as growing international markets, improved tran…
Interspecific associations among larval helminths in fish
2001
Various processes can generate associations between the larvae of different helminth species in their fish intermediate or paratenic host. We investigated the pairwise associations among larval helminth species in eight different fish populations, using two different coefficients of associations, in order to determine in what situations they are strongest. All helminth species included use the fish studied as either their second intermediate host or their paratenic host, and are acquired by the fish when it ingests an infected first intermediate host. The intensity of infection correlated positively with fish length for most helminth species. Pairs of species which both exhibited positive c…
Parasite assemblages in the Western whip snakeHierophis viridiflavus carbonarius(Colubridae) from southern Italy
2012
AbstractParasite assemblages of the Western whip snakeHierophis viridiflavus carbonariuswere investigated from the Calabria region in southern Italy. A total of 14 parasite taxa including 6 nematodes, 3 acanthocephalans, 2 cestodes, 2 digeneans and a single pentastomid was identified. Within the study area,H. v. carbonariusserves as the final host for seven species of helminths, of which only four (Hexametra quadricornis,Kalicephalus viperae,Paracapillaria sonsinoiandRenifer aniarum) can be considered as snake specialists, while one (Oswaldocruzia filiformis) is shared with other reptiles and amphibians, and two (Paradistomum mutabileandRhabdias fuscovenosa) with lizards. A large proportion…
A bug's life: Delving into the challenges of helminth microbiome studies.
2020
The body of vertebrates is inhabited by trillions of microorganisms, i.e. viruses, archaea, bacteria and unicellular eukaryotes, together referred to as the ‘microbiota’. Similarly, vertebrates also host a plethora of parasitic worms (the ‘macrobiota’), some of which share their environment with the microbiota inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract [1]. Complex interactions between the helminths and the gut microbiota have been associated with establishment of parasite infection, disease manifestations, and host immune-modulation [2, 3]. Remarkably, not only enteric helminths alter the 26 gut microbiome composition [4], but also the infection with blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma has be…
Pre-conception maternal helminth infection transfers via nursing long-lasting cellular immunity against helminths to offspring
2019
Mothers transfer immune cells via breastfeeding to provide offspring with long-term protection from parasitic infection.
Global Functional Analyses of Cellular Responses to Pore-Forming Toxins
2011
Here we present the first global functional analysis of cellular responses to pore-forming toxins (PFTs). PFTs are uniquely important bacterial virulence factors, comprising the single largest class of bacterial protein toxins and being important for the pathogenesis in humans of many Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Their mode of action is deceptively simple, poking holes in the plasma membrane of cells. The scattered studies to date of PFT-host cell interactions indicate a handful of genes are involved in cellular defenses to PFTs. How many genes are involved in cellular defenses against PFTs and how cellular defenses are coordinated are unknown. To address these questions, we pe…
Genetic dissimilarity between mates, but not male heterozygosity, influences divorce in schistosomes.
2008
6 pages; International audience; Background: Correlational studies strongly suggest that both genetic similarity and heterozygosity can influence female mate choice. However, the influence of each variable has usually been tested independently, although similarity and heterozygosity might be correlated. We experimentally determined the relative influence of genetic similarity and heterozygosity in divorce and re-mating in the monogamous endoparasite Schistosoma mansoni. Methodology/Principal Findings: We performed sequential infections of vertebrate hosts with controlled larval populations of parasites, where sex and individual genetic diversity and similarity were predetermined before infe…