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The XENON1T Dark Matter Experiment
2017
The XENON1T experiment at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) is the first WIMP dark matter detector operating with a liquid xenon target mass above the ton-scale. Out of its 3.2 t liquid xenon inventory, 2.0 t constitute the active target of the dual-phase time projection chamber. The scintillation and ionization signals from particle interactions are detected with low-background photomultipliers. This article describes the XENON1T instrument and its subsystems as well as strategies to achieve an unprecedented low background level. First results on the detector response and the performance of the subsystems are also presented. © 2017, The Author(s).
Search for inelastic scattering of WIMP dark matter in XENON1T
2021
We report the results of a search for the inelastic scattering of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Scattering off $^{129}$Xe is the most sensitive probe of inelastic WIMP interactions, with a signature of a 39.6 keV de-excitation photon detected simultaneously with the nuclear recoil. Using an exposure of 0.89 tonne-years, we find no evidence of inelastic WIMP scattering with a significance of more than 2$\sigma$. A profile-likelihood ratio analysis is used to set upper limits on the cross-section of WIMP-nucleus interactions. We exclude new parameter space for WIMPs heavier than 100 GeV/c${}^2$, with the strongest upper limit of $3.3 \time…
Search for Light Dark Matter Interactions Enhanced by the Migdal Effect or Bremsstrahlung in XENON1T.
2019
Direct dark matter detection experiments based on a liquid xenon target are leading the search for dark matter particles with masses above ∼5 GeV/c2, but have limited sensitivity to lighter masses because of the small momentum transfer in dark matter-nucleus elastic scattering. However, there is an irreducible contribution from inelastic processes accompanying the elastic scattering, which leads to the excitation and ionization of the recoiling atom (the Migdal effect) or the emission of a bremsstrahlung photon. In this Letter, we report on a probe of low-mass dark matter with masses down to about 85 MeV/c2 by looking for electronic recoils induced by the Migdal effect and bremsstrahlung us…
Excess electronic recoil events in XENON1T
2020
We report results from searches for new physics with low-energy electronic recoil data recorded with the XENON1T detector. With an exposure of 0.65 t-y and an unprecedentedly low background rate of $76\pm2$ events/(t y keV) between 1 and 30 keV, the data enables sensitive searches for solar axions, an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, and bosonic dark matter. An excess over known backgrounds is observed at low energies and most prominent between 2 and 3 keV. The solar axion model has a 3.4$\sigma$ significance, and a 3D 90% confidence surface is reported for axion couplings to electrons, photons, and nucleons. This surface is inscribed in the cuboid defined by $g_{ae}<3.8 \times 10^{-12}$,…
XPS structural data and correlation with Mossbauer spectra for Tin-organic compounds: adducts of RnSnCl4-n with 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane
1982
Abstract Core level X-ray photoelectron spectra of 1:1 adducts of SnCl4 and RSnCl3 with DPE {[RnSnCl4−n} · DPE (n = 1, R = Me, Bun, Octn, Phn; n = 2, R = Ph; DPE = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane], have been measured in solid phase. The Sn3d 5 2 binding energies, corrected for the Madelung potential at the metal atom, are well correlated with both partial atomic charge on tin, accounting for relaxation upon ionization, and 119Sn Mossbauer isomer shifts. The results are discussed in terms of these molecular parameters.
Hydrogels for Three-Dimensional Ionizing-Radiation Dosimetry
2021
Radiation-sensitive gels are among the most recent and promising developments for radiation therapy (RT) dosimetry. RT dosimetry has the twofold goal of ensuring the quality of the treatment and the radiation protection of the patient. Benchmark dosimetry for acceptance testing and commissioning of RT systems is still based on ionization chambers. However, even the smallest chambers cannot resolve the steep dose gradients of up to 30–50% per mm generated with the most advanced techniques. While a multitude of systems based, e.g., on luminescence, silicon diodes and radiochromic materials have been developed, they do not allow the truly continuous 3D dose measurements offered by radiation-se…
Esiopetusvuoden palvelukokonaisuudet lasten hyvinvoinnin ja yhdenvertaisuuden näkökulmista
2017
Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää millaisia palvelukokonaisuuksia esiopetusikäisten opetuksen ja hoidon järjestelyt Suomessa muodostavat sekä tarkastella niitä lasten hyvinvoinnin sekä keskinäisen yhdenvertaisuuden näkökulmista. Hyvinvoinnin kuvaajina käytettiin vuorovaikutukseen vaikuttavia tekijöitä sekä opetuksen ja hoidon pysyvyyttä. Tutkimus toteutettiin osana Strategisen tutkimuksen neuvoston rahoittamaa CHILDCARE-hanketta. Aineisto koostui kymmenestä varhaiskasvatuksen esimiehen puhelinhaastattelusta, joissa saatiin tietoa yhteensä kahdentoista kunnan esiopetuksen ja hoidon järjestelyistä. Aineistoa analysoitiin sisällönanalyyttisin menetelmin. Tutkimus osoitti, että kunnissa o…
Videoconferencing analytic psychodrama in treating young adults’ psychological suffering: preliminary results
2023
The study aims to explore the effects that videoconferencing Analytic Psychodrama (AP) has on the psychological wellbeing and emotional competence of young adults who are suffering from mental health problems. Twenty-two undergraduate students, asking for help at the Psychological Counselling Service of the University of Bologna for anxiety-depressive problems, took part in the three online groups that met weekly from October 2020 to July 2021. The Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure, the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and the Group Climate Questionnaire were used as test–retest qu…
Edward Nycz, Druga szansa młodzieży. Studium funkcjonowania Ochotniczych Hufców Pracy [A second chance for youth. A study in the Voluntary Labour Cor…
2017
The monograph by Edward Nycz, entitled Druga szansa młodzieży. Studium funkcjonowania Ochotniczych Hufców Pracy [A second chance for youth. A study in the functioning of the Voluntary Labour Corps], orders in a chronological way the knowledge on the activity of the organization of the Voluntary Labour Corps (VLC) in Poland. The author - taking advantage of the rich literaturę in the fields of pedagogy and sociology and discussing the results of his own studies - offers valuable information with reference to the share of the VLC in the work with the young who remain on the social margin and are socially maladjusted.
Antidepresantu un citu depresiju ārstējošo zāļu aprite vienā no Latvijas mazpilsētas aptiekām
2015
Problēma: Depresija mūsdienās ir viena no sastopamākajām un izplatītākajām saslimšanām Latvijā un visā pasaulē. Depresija un tās simptomi var tikt ārstēti ar antidepresantiem un citām depresiju ārstējošām zālēm, piemēram, antipsihotiskiem līdzekļiem un anksiolītiskiem līdzekļiem. Depresijas pacientu skaits Latvijā pakāpeniski pieaug un antidepresantu lietošana kļūst aizvien izplatītāka. Pētījuma mērķis: Veikt antidepresantu un citu depresiju ārstējošo zāļu apgrozījumu izpēti vienā no Latvijas mazpilsētas aptiekām 2012. gada janvāra līdz 2014. gada decembrim. Metode: Statistiku datu ievākšana un apkopošana par antidepresantu un citu depresiju ārstējošo zāļu apgrozījumu no 2012. gada janvāra …