Search results for "Hard"

showing 10 items of 2294 documents

A 4K-Input High-Speed Winner-Take-All (WTA) Circuit with Single-Winner Selection for Change-Driven Vision Sensors

2019

Winner-Take-All (WTA) circuits play an important role in applications where a single element must be selected according to its relevance. They have been successfully applied in neural networks and vision sensors. These applications usually require a large number of inputs for the WTA circuit, especially for vision applications where thousands to millions of pixels may compete to be selected. WTA circuits usually exhibit poor response-time scaling with the number of competitors, and most of the current WTA implementations are designed to work with less than 100 inputs. Another problem related to the large number of inputs is the difficulty to select just one winner, since many competitors ma…

Artificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industryEvent (computing)020208 electrical & electronic engineering02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsWinner-take-allAnalytical ChemistryCMOSWinner-Take-All (WTA)Selective Change Driven Vision (SCD)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringlcsh:TP1-1185020201 artificial intelligence & image processingElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessInstrumentationSelection (genetic algorithm)Computer hardwareElectronic circuitSensors
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Efficient MLP Digital Implementation on FPGA

2005

The efficiency and the accuracy of a digital feed-forward neural networks must be optimized to obtain both high classification rate and minimum area on chip. In this paper an efficient MLP digital implementation. The key features of the hardware implementation are the virtual neuron based architecture and the use of the sinusoidal activation function for the hidden layer. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions has been evaluated developing different FPGA based neural prototypes for the High Energy Physics domain and the automatic Road Sign Recognition domain. The use of the sinusoidal activation function decreases hardware resource employment of about 32% when compared with the standar…

Artificial neural networkbusiness.industryComputer scienceActivation functionField programmable gate arrays (FPGA)Sigmoid functionartificial neuralMachine learningcomputer.software_genreTransfer functionDomain (software engineering)Feedforward neural networkSystem on a chipArtificial intelligencebusinessField-programmable gate arraycomputerComputer hardwareNeural networks
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Two-level branch prediction using neural networks

2003

Dynamic branch prediction in high-performance processors is a specific instance of a general time series prediction problem that occurs in many areas of science. Most branch prediction research focuses on two-level adaptive branch prediction techniques, a very specific solution to the branch prediction problem. An alternative approach is to look to other application areas and fields for novel solutions to the problem. In this paper, we examine the application of neural networks to dynamic branch prediction. We retain the first level history register of conventional two-level predictors and replace the second level PHT with a neural network. Two neural networks are considered: a learning vec…

Artificial neural networkbusiness.industryTime delay neural networkComputer scienceVector quantizationLearning vector quantisationBranch predictorMachine learningcomputer.software_genreBackpropagationApplication areasHardware and ArchitectureArtificial intelligenceHardware_CONTROLSTRUCTURESANDMICROPROGRAMMINGTime seriesbusinesscomputerSoftwareJournal of Systems Architecture
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On john maynard keynes's anti-semitism once again: A documentary note

2015

This note presents new archival evidence about John Maynard Keynes' attitudes toward Jews. The relevant material is composed of two letters sent by Robert G. Wertheimer to Bertrand Russell and Richard F. Kahn along with their replies. Between 1963 and 1964, Wertheimer - An Austrian-born Jewish immigrant then professor of economics at Babson College - wrote to Russell and Kahn asking for their personal reminiscences concerning Keynes' anti-Semitic utterances. In their brief but still significant responses, both Russell and Kahn firmly denied any hint of anti-Semitism in Keynes, thereby providing significant first-hand testimonies from two of his closest acquaintances.

Arts and Humanities (all)Richard f. kahn2001History and Philosophy of ScienceJohn m. keyneAnti-semitismBertrand russell
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The FRAM robotic telescope for atmospheric monitoring at the Pierre Auger Observatory

2021

FRAM (F/Photometric Robotic Atmospheric Monitor) is a robotic telescope operated at the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina for the purposes of atmospheric monitoring using stellar photometry. As a passive system which does not produce any light that could interfere with the observations of the fluorescence telescopes of the observatory, it complements the active monitoring systems that use lasers. We discuss the applications of stellar photometry for atmospheric monitoring at optical observatories in general and the particular modes of operation employed by the Auger FRAM. We describe in detail the technical aspects of FRAM, the hardware and software requirements for a successful operati…

AstronomyLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Optics; Photon detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDs Si-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc); Real-time monitoringReal-time monitoring01 natural sciencesAugerSuccessful operationObservatoryopticalAPDshardwareAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationPhoton detectors for UVMathematical PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)astro-ph.HEEBCCDsSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhoton detectors for UV visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes APDs Si-PMTs G-APDs CCDs EBCCDs EMCCDs CMOS imagers etc)Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSi-PMTsAugerobservatoryRobotic telescopeG-APDsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaSciences exactes et naturellesAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesprogrammingdetector: fluorescencePhotometry (optics)0103 physical sciencesddc:610[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]High Energy Physicsvisible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodesCMOS imagersInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsRemote sensingetc)fluorescence [detector]Pierre Auger Observatory010308 nuclear & particles physicsLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsActive monitoringOpticsCCDslasermonitoringEMCCDsLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicatmosphereExperimental High Energy PhysicsOpticEnvironmental science[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]RAIOS CÓSMICOSastro-ph.IM
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Discriminating irrigated and rainfed olive orchards with thermal ASTER imagery and DART 3D simulation

2009

Article in Press

Atmospheric Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0211 other engineering and technologiesBiometeorology02 engineering and technologyCanopy temperature01 natural sciencesNormalized Difference Vegetation IndexASTERAdvanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection RadiometerVegetation indexEvapotranspirationRadiative transferIrrigatedSatellite imageryRainfed agricultureLeaf area index021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensing2. Zero hungerGlobal and Planetary ChangeForestry15. Life on landEnvironmental scienceDARTRainfedOrchardAgronomy and Crop ScienceAgricultural and Forest Meteorology
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Observationally Weak TGFs in the RHESSI Data

2019

Abstract Terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) are sub‐millisecond bursts of high energetic gamma radiation associated with intracloud flashes in thunderstorms. In this paper we use the simultaneity of lightning detections by World Wide Lightning Location Network to find TGFs in the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) data that are too faint to be identified by standard search algorithms. A similar approach has been used in an earlier paper, but here we expand the data set to include all years of RHESSI + World Wide Lightning Location Network data and show that there is a population of observationally weak TGFs all the way down to 0.22 of the RHESSI detection thresh…

Atmospheric Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph]Atmospheric ElectricityPopulationHard radiationAstrophysics01 natural sciencesLightningterrestrial gamma‐ray flahesAerosol and CloudsLatitude0103 physical sciencesEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)RHESSIobservationally weakeducation010303 astronomy & astrophysicsResearch Articles0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicseducation.field_of_studyGamma rayNetwork datathunderstormsLightningWorld widehard radiationGeophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceAtmospheric ProcessesThunderstormResearch ArticleJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
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Obtaining the three-dimensional structure of tree orchards from remote 2D terrestrial LIDAR scanning

2009

In recent years, LIDAR (light detection and ranging) sensors have been widely used to measure environmental parameters such as the structural characteristics of trees, crops and forests. Knowledge of the structural characteristics of plants has a high scientific value due to their influence in many biophysical processes including, photosynthesis, growth, CO2-sequestration and evapotranspiration, playing a key role in the exchange of matter and energy between plants and the atmosphere, and affecting terrestrial, above-ground, carbon storage. In this work, we report the use of a 2D LIDAR scanner in agriculture to obtain three-dimensional (3D) structural characteristics of plants. LIDAR allows…

Atmospheric ScienceGlobal and Planetary ChangeCorrelation coefficientForestryVegetationOptical radarRadar òpticTree volumeFotogrametria aèriaArbresTerrestrial LIDARTree (data structure)Lidar:Enginyeria agroalimentària::Ciències forestals [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Evapotranspiration3D Plant structureEnvironmental scienceOrchardLeaf area indexAgronomy and Crop ScienceLaser measurementsRemote sensingWoody plant
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Detection of Water Stress in an Olive Orchard with Thermal Remote Sensing Imagery

2006

An investigation of the detection of water stress in non-homogeneous crop canopies such as orchards using high-spatial resolution remote sensing thermal imagery is presented. An airborne campaign was conducted with the Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner (AHS) acquiring imagery in 38 spectral bands in the 0.43–12.5 mm spectral range at 2.5 m spatial resolution. The AHS sensor was flown at 7:30, 9:30 and 12:30 GMT in 25 July 2004 over an olive orchard with three different water-deficit irrigation treatments to study the spatial and diurnal variability of temperature as a function of water stress. A total of 10 AHS bands located within the thermal-infrared region were assessed for the retrieval of…

Atmospheric ScienceGlobal and Planetary ChangeGround truthCrown temperatureWater stressDeficit irrigationAtmospheric correctionHyperspectral imagingForestrySpectral bandsEmissivityEnvironmental scienceOrchardDeficit irrigationAgronomy and Crop ScienceImage resolutionThermal remote sensingRemote sensingSplit-window
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Genre-dependent effects of 3D film on presence, motion sickness, and protagonist perception

2016

Do the increasingly popular 3D movies change how we perceive the content of the movie? We presented short (3.21 min) film sequences to observers equipped with shutter glasses. Three genres (horror, action, and documentary) were crossed with three between-subjects viewing conditions (director’s 3D, artificial 3D, and 2D). Observers had to rate how the film impressed them in terms of arousal, motion sickness, presence, and immersion. They also judged the personality, attractiveness, and intelligence of the protagonist in all viewing conditions. Not surprisingly, horror films produced more arousal and presence than action films. Documentaries scored lowest on presence. Action movies produced t…

AttractivenessMultimediamedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencescomputer.software_genremedicine.disease01 natural sciences050105 experimental psychologyFilm genre010309 opticsHuman-Computer InteractionMotion sicknessHardware and ArchitectureAestheticsPerception0103 physical sciencesmedicine0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThree dimensional televisionPsychologycomputermedia_commonDisplays
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