Search results for "Health informatics"
showing 10 items of 481 documents
A simple algorithm for generating neuronal dendritic trees
1990
Abstract A simple, efficient algorithm is presented for generating the codewords of all neuronal dendritic trees with a given number of terminal nodes. Furthermore, a procedure is developed for deciding if different codewords correspond to topologically equivalent trees.
Automated detection and localization system of myocardial infarction in single-beat ECG using Dual-Q TQWT and wavelet packet tensor decomposition.
2019
Abstract Background and objective It is challenging to conduct real-time identification of myocardial infarction (MI) due to artifact corruption and high dimensionality of multi-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). In the present study, we proposed an automated single-beat MI detection and localization system using dual-Q tunable Q-factor wavelet transformation (Dual-Q TQWT) denoising algorithm. Methods After denoising and segmentation of ECG, a fourth-order wavelet tensor (leads × subbands × samples × beats) was constructed based on the discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT), to represent the features considering the information of inter-beat, intra-beat, inter-frequency, and inter-lead. To red…
Predicting the risk of drug–drug interactions in psychiatric hospitals: a retrospective longitudinal pharmacovigilance study
2021
ObjectivesThe aim was to use routine data available at a patient’s admission to the hospital to predict polypharmacy and drug–drug interactions (DDI) and to evaluate the prediction performance with regard to its usefulness to support the efficient management of benefits and risks of drug prescriptions.DesignRetrospective, longitudinal study.SettingWe used data from a large multicentred pharmacovigilance project carried out in eight psychiatric hospitals in Hesse, Germany.ParticipantsInpatient episodes consecutively discharged between 1 October 2017 and 30 September 2018 (year 1) or 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2019 (year 2).Outcome measuresThe proportion of rightly classified hospital epi…
A multilevel object-oriented modelling methodology for physiologically-based pharmacokinetics (PBPK): Evaluation with a semi-mechanistic pharmacokine…
2019
Abstract Background and objective The aims of this study are (i) to assess the predictive reliability of the physiologically based software PhysPK versus the well-known population approach software NONMEM for the cited semi-mechanistic PK model, (ii) to determine whether these modelling approaches are interchangeable and (iii) to compare acausal with causal modelling approaches in the framework of semi-mechanistic PK models. Methods A semi-mechanistic model was proposed, which assumed oral administration of a solid dosage form with a peripheral compartment and two active metabolites. The model incorporates intestinal transit, dissolution limited by solubility, variable efflux transporter ex…
The Social Nature of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases and How to Tackle Them Through Communication Technology, Training, and Outreach
2011
As world leaders prepare for the United Nations High Level Meeting on Noncommunicable Diseases, to take place in September 2011, international organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and economic and business fora have created new alliances and initiatives to accelerate research, advocacy, and political commitment. This article argues that the time is propitious to reflect on the social nature of the most common behavioral noncommunicable disease determinants, including tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet. Evidence is presented related to the fact that these diseases are profoundly rooted in social and community ties and points to the need for a modern com…
Analysis of different geometrical features to achieve close-to-bone stiffness material properties in medical device: A feasibility numerical study
2021
Background and objective: In orthopedic medical devices, elasto-plastic behavior differences between bone and metallic materials could lead to mechanical issues at the bone-implant interface, as stress shielding. Those issue are mainly related to knee and hip arthroplasty, and they could be responsible for implant failure. To reduce mismatching-related adverse events between bone and prosthesis mechanical properties, modifying the implant's internal geometry varying the bulk stiffness and density could be the right approach. Therefore, this feasibility study aims to assess which in-body gap geometry improves, by reducing, the bulk stiffness. Methods: Using five finite element models, a unia…
A software tool to acquire, synchronise and playback multimedia data: an application in kinesiology
2000
Assessing the physical condition of the human body frequently requires evaluating different tests performed by different devices. This information has to be analysed simultaneously to derive conclusions, and so a temporal relationship must be established between the data sources. In this paper, synchronisation of the sources of information is achieved by synchronising the clocks of computers connected in a Local Area Network. A clock synchronisation protocol is used and a global time is stamped in each information data flow. During analysis, the time-stamp is used to playback the data in a synchronised way. The proposed system is valid for any medical application in which data synchronisati…
Differences in Perceived Occupational Stress by Demographic Characteristics, of European Emergency Medical Services Personnel during the COVID-19 Vir…
2021
Objectives: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought commercial, social, and economic consequences in every country that has experienced substantial SARS-CoV-2 infection rates. The complete change in the environment that took place due to the outbreak of the pandemic can lead to stressful situations, especially among healthcare personnel. Material and methods: The research were conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic between the 27 March 2020 and the 20 April 2020. The research included 1984 employees of emergency medical systems in seven European countries. An internet-based questionnaire format was adopted for the study (ΩMc-Donald >
2021
Background Self-tracking technologies are widely used in people’s daily lives and health care. Academic research on self-tracking and the quantified self has also accumulated rapidly in recent years. Surprisingly, there is a paucity of research that reviews, classifies, and synthesizes the state of the art with respect to self-tracking and the quantified self. Objective Our objective was to identify the state of the art of self-tracking and the quantified self in terms of health and well-being. Methods We have undertaken a systematic literature review on self-tracking and the quantified self in promoting health and well-being. After a rigorous literature search, followed by inclusions, exc…
Dental anatomy portrayed with microscopic volume investigations
1993
The clinical treatment of the root canal of teeth--called endodontics--assumes a precise idea of the spatial arrangement of the anatomy of teeth and their inner structure. By using computer-assisted data acquisition from filmed sequences of histologic serial sections and a special kind of magnetic resonance microscope--the Stray Field Imaging (STRAFI)--volume investigations were carried out using special functions of a newly developed 3D software. Possible applications and future perspectives are discussed.