Search results for "Healthy subjects"

showing 10 items of 193 documents

Excitability regulation in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex during sustained instructed fear responses: a TMS-EEG study

2018

AbstractThreat detection is essential for protecting individuals from adverse situations, in which a network of amygdala, limbic regions and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) regions are involved in fear processing. Excitability regulation in the dmPFC might be crucial for fear processing, while abnormal patterns could lead to mental illness. Notwithstanding, non-invasive paradigms to measure excitability regulation during fear processing in humans are missing. To address this challenge we adapted an approach for excitability characterization, combining electroencephalography (EEG) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the dmPFC during an instructed fear paradigm, to dynamica…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_treatmentPrefrontal Cortexlcsh:MedicineElectroencephalographyAmygdalaBrain mappingArticle050105 experimental psychologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex ; Fear Paradigm ; TMS-evoked Potentials (TEPs) ; Fear Network ; Fear ProcessingHeart RateReaction TimemedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive scienceslcsh:ScienceEvoked PotentialsBrain MappingElectroshockMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_test05 social scienceslcsh:RHealthy subjectsStructural integrityElectroencephalographyFearDorsomedial prefrontal cortexTranscranial Magnetic StimulationTranscranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.anatomical_structureFemalelcsh:QPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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The effect of paired associative stimulation on fatigue resistance

2015

Paired associative stimulation (PAS) is a non-invasive stimulation method developed to induce bidirectional changes in the excitability of the cortical projections to the target muscles. However, very few studies have shown an association between changes in motor evoked potentials (MEP) after PAS and behavioral changes in healthy subjects. In the present study we hypothesized that the functional relevance of PAS can be seen during fatiguing exercise, since there is always a central contribution to the development of fatigue. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied over the motor cortex to measure changes in the MEPs of the soleus muscle before and after PAS. Furthermore, fatigue resis…

AdultMalepaired associative stimulationmedicine.medical_treatmentStimulationIsometric exerciseta3112Young AdultPaired associative stimulationFatigue resistancemotor cortextranscranial magnetic stimulationmedicineHumansddc:796Muscle Skeletalta315skin and connective tissue diseasesSoleus muscleNeuronal PlasticityGeneral NeuroscienceHealthy subjectsFatigue; Central fatigue; Motor cortex; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Paired associative stimulationGeneral MedicineEvoked Potentials Motorcentral fatigueTranscranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.anatomical_structureMuscle FatigueFemalefatiguesense organsPsychologyNeuroscienceMotor cortex
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Paired pulse TMS over the right posterior parietal cortex modulates visuospatial perception

2006

Abstract Objective We previously observed a relative contralateral neglect by right parietal single-pulse TMS given 150 ms after visual stimulus presentation. Here we investigated the effects of parietal paired TMS in normal subjects performing a visuospatial task. Methods Thirteen right-handed healthy subjects underwent a line-length judgement task during single-pulse and paired (1, 3, 5, 10 ms ISIs) TMS, delivered on the right parietal cortex 150 ms after visual stimulus. Results Single pulse TMS over the right parietal cortex induced a significant rightward bias compared to the baseline condition. At 1 and 3 ms ISIs, paired-pulse TMS did not show any effect in comparison with single puls…

AdultMaleposterior parietal cortexTime Factorsgenetic structuresPosterior parietal cortexStimulus (physiology)Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologiabehavioral disciplines and activitiesFunctional Lateralityvisuospatial perceptionParietal LobeHumansAttentionAnalysis of VarianceneglectSingle pulseHealthy subjectsCognitionTranscranial Magnetic StimulationNeurologyIntracortical facilitationVisuospatial perceptionSpace PerceptionRight posteriorSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemaleNeurology (clinical)PsychologyNeurosciencePPCPhotic Stimulationpsychological phenomena and processesJournal of the Neurological Sciences
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Assessment of haemophilic arthropathy through balance analysis: a promising tool

2019

[EN] The purpose of this study was to develop a tool able to distinguish between subjects who have haemophilic arthropathy in lower limbs and those who do not by analyzing the centre of pressure displacement. The second objective was to assess the possible different responses of haemophiliacs and healthy subjects by creating a classifier that could distinguish between both groups. Fiftyfour haemophilic patients (28 with and 26 without arthropathy) and 23 healthy subjects took part voluntarily in the study. A force plate was used to measure postural stability. A total of 276 centre of pressure displacement parameters were calculated under different conditions: unipedal/bipedal balance with e…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyHaemophiliaEvaluation system0206 medical engineeringBiomedical EngineeringArthropathyBioengineering02 engineering and technologyHemophilia AQuadratic discriminant analysisTECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICA03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationHemarthrosisArthropathyClassifier (linguistics)HumansMedicinePostural BalanceBalance (ability)Haemophilic arthropathybusiness.industryHealthy subjectsDiscriminant Analysis030229 sport sciencesGeneral MedicineQuadratic classifiermedicine.disease020601 biomedical engineeringHealthy VolunteersComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionPostural stabilityCentre of pressuresbusiness
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Bilateral photoplethysmography studies of the leg arterial stenosis.

2005

A newly developed portable multi-channel photoplethysmography (PPG) device has been used for comparative studies of 20 healthy control subjects and 45 patients with diagnosed arterial stenosis in a leg. The peripheral blood pulsations were detected simultaneously at four body sites-the same fingers and toes of both arms and legs. The PPG pulses recorded at the periphery of the stenotic leg, if compared with those of the healthy leg, were much weaker, with delayed arrival as a consequence of increased pulse wave transit time (PWTT) due to higher vascular resistance. The specific PWTT delays for the occluded legs were in the range of 20-80 ms, while in the case of healthy subjects the leg PPG…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyPhysiologyBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsArterial Occlusive DiseasesBlood PressurePhysiology (medical)PhotoplethysmogramInternal medicineHealthy controlmedicineOscillometryHumansPhotoplethysmographyAgedAged 80 and overPeripheral Vascular DiseasesLegArterial stenosisbusiness.industryHealthy subjectsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgerybody regionsStenosisBlood pressuremedicine.anatomical_structureVascular resistanceCardiologybusinessPhysiological measurement
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Assessment of the Tricuspid Valve Morphology by Transthoracic Real-Time-3D-Echocardiography

2005

Aim: To demonstrate the feasibility of transthoracic three-dimensional real-time echocardiography (3D-TTE) supplemental to routine assessments of the tricuspid valve and to analyze interrater agreement. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects and 74 patients with right ventricular failure were examined with conventional 2D and additionally 3D-TTE (SONOS 7500, Philips, Netherlands). The 3D exams were performed and recorded by one of two raters. The recordings were evaluated offline and independently by both raters for visualization of morphological and functional features of the tricuspid valve according to a subjective 3-point scale. Statistical analyses were performed for interrater agreement and…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsFunctional featuresEchocardiography Three-DimensionalReal time 3d echocardiographyInternal medicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProspective cohort studyHeart FailureObserver VariationTricuspid valvebusiness.industryHealthy subjectsTricuspid Valve InsufficiencyInter-rater reliabilitymedicine.anatomical_structureImaging qualitycardiovascular systemCardiologyFeasibility StudiesRight ventricular failureFemaleTricuspid ValveRadiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessEchocardiography
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Learning Curve and Fatigue Effect of Flicker Defined Form Perimetry

2011

To evaluate the learning curve and fatigue effect of flicker defined form (FDF) perimetry.Prospective cross-sectional study.One hundred forty-one eyes of 75 healthy subjects were included in the study. Every subject was measured 3 times on 3 different days within 3 months. Differences among the tests were analyzed for mean sensitivity (MS), mean deviation (MD), pattern standard deviation (PSD), reliability indices, test duration, and test points5% and0.5% in 75 right eyes on the basis of linear mixed models for repeated measurements. To assess the effect of fatigue, differences of MS, MD, and PSD values between 66 left and right eyes were evaluated regarding alterations between these 3 exam…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyVisual AcuitySignificant learningSensitivity and SpecificityPattern standard deviationOphthalmologymedicineHumansProspective StudiesIntraocular PressureAgedbusiness.industryFlickerHealthy subjectsGlaucomaMiddle AgedTest durationAbsolute deviationOphthalmologyCross-Sectional StudiesVisual Field TestsAsthenopiaVisual FieldsbusinessLearning CurveAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology
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Improvement of phonemic fluency following leftward prism adaptation.

2021

AbstractAnatomo functional studies of prism adaptation (PA) have been shown to modulate a brain frontal-parieto-temporal network, increasing activation of this network in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the side of prism deviation. This effect raises the hypothesis that left prism adaptation, modulating frontal areas of the left hemisphere, could modify subjects’ performance on linguistic tasks that map on those areas. To test this hypothesis, 51 healthy subjects participated in experiments in which leftward or rightward prism adaptation were applied before the execution of a phonemic fluency task, i.e., a task with strict left hemispheric lateralization onto frontal areas. Results showed tha…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresScienceAudiology050105 experimental psychologyLateralization of brain functionFunctional LateralityArticle03 medical and health sciencesFluency0302 clinical medicinemedicinePrism adaptation (PA) phonological neurologicalHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAttentionFunctional studiesLanguageMultidisciplinaryLanguage abilitySettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia FisiologicaQ05 social sciencesRHealthy subjectsBrainAdaptation PhysiologicalCognitive controlVisual PerceptionMedicineFemalePrismPsychologyPrism adaptation030217 neurology & neurosurgeryPsychomotor PerformanceScientific reports
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Multicenter validation of the magnetic resonance t2* technique for segmental and global quantification of myocardial iron

2009

Purpose To assess the transferability of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) multislice multiecho T2* technique for global and segmental measurement of iron overload in thalassemia patients. Materials and Methods Multiecho T2* sequences were installed on six MRI scanners. Five healthy subjects (n = 30) were scanned at each site; five thalassemia major (TM) patients were scanned at the reference site and were rescanned locally (n = 25) within 1 month. T2* images were analyzed using previously validated software. Results T2* values of healthy subjects showed intersite homogeneity. On TM patients, for global heart T2* values the correlation coefficient was 0.97, coefficients of variation (CoV…

Adultmyocardial iron; T2* techniqueCorrelation coefficientHeart VentriclesIronReference siteTransferabilityMyocardial ironReference ValuesImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMultislicemyocardial ironAnalysis of VarianceReproducibilitymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMyocardiumHealthy subjectsT2* techniqueReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingMagnetic Resonance ImagingItalyLiverThalassemiabusinessNuclear medicineJournal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Mild bronchial epithelial damage after endurance exercise in humans

2008

Airway cells endurance exercise healthy subjectsSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioSettore BIO/09 - Fisiologia
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