Search results for "Hepatic fibrosis"

Carcinogenic Etheno DNA Adducts in Alcoholic Liver Disease: Correlation with Cytochrome P-4502E1 and Fibrosis.

2017

BACKGROUND One mechanism by which alcoholic liver disease (ALD) progresses is oxidative stress and the generation of reactive oxygen species, among others due to the induction of cytochrome P-4502E1 (CYP2E1). Experimental data underline the key role of CYP2E1 because ALD could be partially prevented in rats by the administration of the specific CYP2E1 inhibitor chlormethiazole. As CYP2E1 is linked to the formation of carcinogenic etheno DNA adducts in ALD patients, a causal role of alcohol-induced CYP2E1 in hepatocarcinogenesis is implicated. The purpose of this study was to investigate CYP2E1 induction in ALD, and its correlation with oxidative DNA lesions and with hepatic histology. METHO…

Optimum combination therapy regimens for HIV/HCV infection

2016

HIV-HCV co-infection mostly affects intravenous drug users, in whom prevalence has tended to decrease in recent years, while it has increased in men who have sex with men, with occurrence of acute hepatitis C. Hepatitis C has a poorer prognosis in patients co-infected with HIV, as clinical progression is faster and degree of hepatic fibrosis is greater. However, optimized ARV treatment is clearly associated with slower progression to hepatic complications. Interactions between HCV and HIV drugs are numerous, which underlines the importance of pharmacological advice for HIV-treated patients before they start HCV treatment. In HIV-HCV co-infection, treatment of hepatitis C has to be offered a…

Fibropolycystic Liver Disease: CT and MR Imaging Findings

2005

Fibropolycystic liver disease encompasses a spectrum of related lesions of the liver and biliary tract that are caused by abnormal embryologic development of the ductal plates. These lesions (congenital hepatic fibrosis, biliary hamartomas, autosomal dominant polycystic disease, Caroli disease, choledochal cysts) can be clinically silent or can cause signs and symptoms such as cholangitis, portal hypertension, gastrointestinal bleeding, infections, and space-occupying masses. The different types of fibropolycystic liver disease demonstrate characteristic findings at computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Patients with congenital hepatic fibrosis typically have imaging…

Liver stiffness measurement by transient elastography predicts early recovery from acute hepatitis

2010

We read with interest the lead article by Castera and Pinzani,1 particularly the comment regarding the role of transient elastography (TE) in the context of acute hepatitis (AH). The assumption that liver stiffness is determined exclusively by hepatic fibrosis has been challenged by evidence that patients with AH can have high values of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by TE.2 AH is a suitable model for studying the kinetics of LSM, since inflammation and necrosis increase rapidly and sometimes massively, but may revert with equal speed. We evaluated 92 consecutive patients (mean age 41.8±16.3 years, 71.7% males) with symptomatic AH to assess how LSM was influenced by aetiology, and whethe…

Comparison of Histochemical Staining Methods and Correlation with Transient Elastography in Acute Hepatitis.

2014

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To compare Masson's trichrome (MT), Sirius red (SR) and orcein staining in acute hepatitis (AH) and to correlate them with<b> </b>transient elastography (TE),<b> </b>a noninvasive method to assess hepatic fibrosis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We evaluated liver stiffness by TE in a cohort of 34 consecutive patients and assessed MT-, SR- and orcein-stained biopsies using the METAVIR scoring system and digital image analysis (DIA). <b><i>Results:</i></b> MT and SR both showed severe fibrosis (stage III-IV, DIA = 12.7%). Orcein showed absent or mild fibrosis (stage 0-II, DIA = 4.…

An interesting approach for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis: Wáng et al., “A combined use of intravoxel incoherent motion MRI parameters can differ…

2017

Since its description in 1986 by Le Bihan et al. , intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion MR imaging has made great progresses (1-4). Many studies demonstrated the influence of various pathologies on the diffusion parameters especially in case of cirrhosis and fibrosis. However, few of them are useful at the individual level because of the variability of IVIM values (5). It is indeed very difficult to measure precisely PF and Dfast (6,7). Many published work tried to improve the precision of the measurements, tries to better understand the diffusion patterns, improve the image acquisition sequences or image post-processing. Unfortunately, till today, the reproducibility of the IVIM d…

Letter: coronary atherosclerosis in patients with significant hepatic fibrosis in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease—the role for non‐invasive testing

2021

The impact of liver disease aetiology and the stages of hepatic fibrosis on the performance of non-invasive fibrosis biomarkers: an international stu…

2011

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34: 1202–1216 Summary Background  Performance of non-invasive fibrosis biomarkers may be influenced by aetiology of chronic liver disease (CLD) and the stages of hepatic fibrosis, but large-scale studies are pending. Aim  To investigate the effect of aetiogy and stages of hepatic fibrosis on the performance of fibrosis biomarkers. Methods  A total of 2411 patients with compensated CLD (HCV = 75.1%, HBV = 10.5%, NASH = 7.9%, HIV/HCV = 6.5%) were consecutively enrolled in 9 centres. APRI, Forns’index, Lok index, AST-to-ALT ratio, Fib-4, platelets and Fibrotest-Fibrosure were tested against liver biopsy, considered the gold standard. The effect of the stages of hep…

Implication of Normal Liver Enzymes in Liver Disease

2009

Summary.  Chronic liver disease is usually asymptomatic until its late stages and also significant hepatic necroinflammation and fibrosis may be present in persistently normal ALT levels HBV, HCV carriers or similarly, in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Given the large number of persons in the general population which may harbor a clinically significant liver disease behind the screen of normal alanine aminotransferase, more attention should be devoted to future research for alternative noninvasive markers of liver damage.

Vascular Adhesion Protein 1 Mediates Gut Microbial Flagellin-Induced Inflammation, Leukocyte Infiltration, and Hepatic Steatosis

2021

Toll-like receptor 5 ligand, flagellin, and vascular adhesion protein 1 (VAP-1) are involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study aimed to determine whether VAP-1 mediates flagellin-induced hepatic fat accumulation. The effects of flagellin on adipocyte VAP-1 expression were first studied in vitro. Then, flagellin (100 ng/mouse) or saline was intraperitoneally injected into C57BL/6J (WT) and C57BL/6-Aoc3-/- (VAP-1 KO) mice on a high-fat diet twice a week every 2 weeks for 10 weeks. After that, the effects on inflammation, insulin signaling, and metabolism were studied in liver and adipose tissues. Hepatic fat was quantified histologically and biochemically. Because flagellin cha…