Search results for "Heredity"

showing 7 items of 247 documents

In-Depth Characterization of Viral Isolates from Plasma and Cells Compared with Plasma Circulating Quasispecies in Early HIV-1 Infection

2012

Background The use of in vitro models to unravel the phenotypic characteristics of circulating viral variants is key to understanding HIV-1 pathogenesis but limited by the availability of primary viral isolates from biological samples. However, overall in vivo genetic variability of HIV-1 within a subject may not be reflected in the viable viral population obtained after isolation. Although several studies have tried to determine whether viral populations expanded in vitro are representative of in vivo findings, the answer remains unclear due to the reduced number of clonal sequences analyzed or samples compared. In order to overcome previous experimental limitations, here we applied Deep P…

Viral DiseasesHeredityGenotypePopulationlcsh:MedicineHIV InfectionsViral quasispeciesMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesPredictive Value of TestsVirologyGenotypeGenetic variationGeneticsHumansGenetic variabilitylcsh:ScienceeducationBiologyPhylogeny030304 developmental biologyGenetics0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarybiology030306 microbiologylcsh:RHIVGenetic VariationReproducibility of ResultsGenomicsSequence Analysis DNAVirology3. Good healthIntegraseInfectious DiseasesPhenotypeViral replicationDNA ViralHIV-1Leukocytes Mononuclearbiology.proteinMedicineRNA Virallcsh:QRNA extractionResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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The selective advantage of cystic fibrosis heterozygotes tested by aDNA analysis: A preliminary investigation

2000

Recently a heterozygote advantage was suggested to explain the high incidence (1:25 carrier individuals in Europeans) of the cystic fibrosis gene. This selective advantage was speculated to be due to a high resistance to chloride-secreting diarrhea, including cholera. Up to now the major efforts to test directly this hypothesis have been limited to animal models.

aDNAPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyCystic fibrosis genecystic fibrosis aDNA ancient DNAmedicine.disease_causeCystic fibrosisNOcystic fibrosis03 medical and health sciencesSelective advantagemedicineancient DNA030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbiology030305 genetics & heredityCholera toxinHeterozygote advantagemedicine.diseaseCholeraCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator3. Good healthDiarrheaAnthropologyImmunologybiology.proteinmedicine.symptom
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In vitro evolution of an atrazine-degrading population under cyanuric acid selection pressure: Evidence for the selective loss of a 47kb region on th…

2011

International audience; The adaptation of microorganisms to pesticide biodegradation relies on the recruitment of catabolic genes by horizontal gene transfer and homologous recombination mediated by insertion sequences (IS). This environment-friendly function is maintained in the degrading population but it has a cost which could diminish its fitness. The loss of genes in the course of evolution being a major mechanism of ecological specialization, we mimicked evolution in vitro by sub-culturing the atrazine-degrading Pseudomonas sp. ADP in a liquid medium containing cyanuric acid as the sole source of nitrogen. After 120 generations, a new population evolved, which replaced the original on…

genetics and hereditypseudomonas sp adp[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]PopulationAdaptation BiologicaladaptationBiology03 medical and health sciencesPlasmidMolecular evolutionPseudomonasGene duplicationGeneticsDirect repeatexperimental evolutionSelection GeneticInsertion sequenceHomologous RecombinationeducationGeneComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biology2. Zero hungerGenetics0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studygenetic plasticitymolecular evolutionHerbicidesTriazines030306 microbiologycyanuric acidGeneral MedicineBiological EvolutionGenes Bacterial[SDE]Environmental SciencesAtrazineHomologous recombinationGene Deletion
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Heredity of interocular similarities in components of refraction: a population-based twin study among 66- to 79-year-old female twins.

2019

Purpose: To examine genetic influences on interocular similarities in ocular refraction and components of refraction among elderly female twins. Methods: Refraction was assessed in 94 monozygotic (MZ) and 74 dizygotic (DZ) female twins aged 66–78 years. Absolute values of interocular differences (Aniso variables) in spherical refraction (SR), refractive astigmatism (AST), spherical equivalent (SE), corneal refractive power (CR), corneal astigmatism (CAST), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) were calculated. The differences between sisters in each of the Aniso variables were calculated and graded into two categories, best differentiating the groups, here isometropic and aniso…

medicine.medical_specialtyBiometryOLDER POPULATIONASTIGMATISMEmmetropiaBiologymedicine.disease_causeRefraction OcularCornea03 medical and health sciencesansiometropia0302 clinical medicineOphthalmologyHereditymedicineDiseases in TwinsTwins DizygoticHumansGenetic Predisposition to Disease3125 Otorhinolaryngology ophthalmology10. No inequalityAnisometropiaAgedspherical equivalentHERITABILITYisometropiaGeneral MedicineTwins MonozygoticHeritabilitymedicine.diseaseRefractive ErrorsTwin studyRefractionZygosityANISOMETROPIAPREVALENCEcorneal refractionOphthalmologyExact testastigmatism030221 ophthalmology & optometryRISK-FACTORSFemaleemmetropia030217 neurology & neurosurgeryActa ophthalmologica
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LARP7 variants and further delineation of the Alazami syndrome phenotypic spectrum among primordial dwarfisms: 2 sisters.

2019

Abstract Alazami syndrome (AS) (MIM# 615071 ) is an autosomal recessive microcephalic primordial dwarfism (PD) with recognizable facial features and severe intellectual disability due to depletion or loss of function variants in LARP7. To date, 15 patients with AS have been reported. Here we describe two consanguineous Algerian sisters with Alazami PD due to LARP7 homozygous pathogenic variants detected by whole exome sequencing. By comparing these two additional cases with those previously reported, we strengthen the key features of AS: severe growth restriction, severe intellectual disability and some distinguishing facial features such as broad nose, malar hypoplasia, wide mouth, full li…

medicine.medical_specialtyHeart malformation[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Dwarfism03 medical and health sciencesLoss of Function MutationIntellectual DisabilityIntellectual disabilityGeneticsmedicineHumansChildGenetics (clinical)Exome sequencingLoss function030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbusiness.industrySiblings030305 genetics & heredityGeneral MedicineSyndromemedicine.diseaseDermatologyPhenotype[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]PhenotypeRibonucleoproteinsEtiologyMicrocephalyFemalePrimordial dwarfismbusinessMild microcephalyEuropean journal of medical genetics
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Descriptive study on subjective experience of genetic testing with respect to relationship, family planning and psychosocial wellbeing among women wi…

2021

AbstractBackgroundDue to increased risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer, women belonging to known Lynch Syndrome (LS) families are recommended to undergo germline testing. Current practice in Finland is to offer counselling to women with pathogenic variant and advocate risk-reducing surgery (RRS) after completion of childbirth. The present study aimed to clarify the impacts of positive germline testing on family planning and reproductive decisions of these women, which are relatively unknown.MethodsSeventy-nine carriers of germline MMR gene pathogenic variant (path_MMR)were identified from the Finnish LS Registry as having genetic testing performed before the age of 45 years and not havin…

medicine.medical_treatmentTestingQH426-470ihmissuhteetCOLORECTAL-CANCER0302 clinical medicinehenkinen hyvinvointi5. Gender equality3123 Gynaecology and paediatricsChildbirthGenetics (clinical)RC254-282media_common0303 health sciencesmedicine.diagnostic_test030305 genetics & heredityNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensLynch syndrometesting3. Good healthOncologyhereditary cancerFamily planning030220 oncology & carcinogenesissyöpätauditPsychosocialClinical psychologymedia_common.quotation_subject3122 CancersFertilityMUTATION CARRIERSPsychosocial wellbeingtestaus03 medical and health sciencesCHILDBEARINGmedicineGeneticsFERTILITYLynchin oireyhtymäGenetic testingperinnölliset tauditbusiness.industryEndometrial cancerResearchOophorectomyENDOMETRIAL CANCERmedicine.diseaseHereditary cancerperhesuunnitteluLynch syndromerelationshipsRelationshipsbusinesspsychosocial wellbeing
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Twin-singleton differences among ESL students : a study of affective and cognitive factors at the age of 12

2001

oppiminenoppimistyylitcognitive and affective factorsheredity and environmentsukupuolierotsecond language learningperuskoulun ala-astekaksosettwin studieskielen omaksuminenlanguage learning of twinskognitiivinen kehitysindividual differencesenglannin kieliperinnöllisyys
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