Search results for "Histology"

showing 10 items of 985 documents

Components and connections of the circadian timing system in mammals

1996

The circadian timing system is a neural network consisting of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus, aided by the retina, other hypothalamic nuclei, autonomic regions of the spinal cord, sympathetic ganglia and the pineal gland. Extensive studies conducted over the last two decades have unravelled the principal items of its functional neuroanatomy. The system is responsible for the generation of the circadian rhythm, its synchronization by environmental factors such as light, and its mediation with respect to morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of mammals that exhibit distinct alterations throughout the 24-h cycle. This review characterizes the brain sites involved an…

MammalsHistologySuprachiasmatic nucleusHypothalamusCell BiologyBiologySpinal cordPineal GlandCircadian RhythmPathology and Forensic MedicinePinealocyteMelatoninPineal glandmedicine.anatomical_structureLight effects on circadian rhythmHypothalamusNeural PathwaysmedicineAnimalsSuprachiasmatic NucleusCircadian rhythmNeurosciencemedicine.drugCell and Tissue Research
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Special considerations for studies of extracellular vesicles from parasitic helminths: A community-led roadmap to increase rigour and reproducibility.

2023

Over the last decade, research interest in defining how extracellular vesicles (EVs) shape cross-species communication has grown rapidly. Parasitic helminths, worm species found in the phyla Nematoda and Platyhelminthes, are well-recognised manipulators of host immune function and physiology. Emerging evidence supports a role for helminth-derived EVs in these processes and highlights EVs as an important participant in cross-phylum communication. While the mammalian EV field is guided by a community-agreed framework for studying EVs derived from model organisms or cell systems [e.g., Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (MISEV)], the helminth community requires a supplem…

MammalshelminthsHistologyParàsitsev guidelines; ev reporting; electron microscopy; extracellular vesicles; helminths; parasiteselectron microscopyExtracellular Vesicles/physiologyEV guidelinesReproducibility of ResultsCell BiologyparasitesEV reportingHelminthsAnimalsHumansHelmintsextracellular vesiclesJournal of extracellular vesicles
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Upconversion Nanoparticles for Bioimaging and Regenerative Medicine.

2016

Nanomaterials are proving useful for regenerative medicine in combination with stem cell therapy. Nanoparticles can be administrated and targeted to desired tissues or organs and subsequently, be used in non-invasive real-time visualization and tracking of cells by means of different imaging techniques, they can act as therapeutic agent nanocarriers, and can also serve as scaffolds to guide the growth of new tissue. Nanoparticles can be of different chemical nature, such as gold, iron oxide, cadmium selenide, and carbon, and have the potential to be used in regenerative medicine. However, there are still many issues to be solved, such as toxicity, stability, and resident time. Upconversion …

Materials scienceHistologyMini ReviewBiomedical EngineeringNanoparticleNanotechnologyBioengineering02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesRegenerative medicineNanomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundUpconversion nanoparticlestransparencyCadmium selenideLow toxicityNIR excitationnon-toxic nanoparticlescell behavior regulationfungifood and beveragesBioengineering and Biotechnology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymulti-wavelength/multimodal bioimagingPhoton upconversion0104 chemical scienceschemistryupconverted (UV–VIS–NIR) emissionNanocarriers0210 nano-technologyBiotechnologyFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
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Functional and Molecular Imaging with Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy

2007

In vivo functional and molecular imaging is an emerging new field in gastroenterology. Ex vivo histopathological examination of tissue specimens offers a snapshot view into the tissue, capturing the moment at which the biopsy has been taken. The specimen is subjected to the fixation and staining process, making it prone to artefact. In vivo imaging with confocal endomicroscopy, however, offers the possibility of dynamic monitoring of the living tissue without the need for fixation. To our current knowledge, staining with intravenous fluorescein sodium or topical acriflavine hydrochloride does not alter tissue properties in a way that could influence biological processes. Therefore, with con…

Materials sciencemedicine.diagnostic_testIn vivoConfocalBiopsyEndomicroscopymedicineMolecular imagingEx vivoPreclinical imagingBiomedical engineeringFixation (histology)
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Involvement of the cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2)

2013

Aims: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) belongs to the CAG repeat or polyglutamine diseases. Along with a large variety of motor, behavioural and neuropsychological symptoms the clinical picture of patients suffering from this autosomal dominantly inherited ataxia may also include deficits of attention, impairments of memory, as well as frontal-executive and visuospatial dysfunctions. As the possible morphological correlates of these cognitive SCA2 deficits are unclear we examined the cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei, which are believed to be crucial for several aspects of normal cognition and may contribute to impairments of cognitive functions under pathological conditions. Methods: …

Medial septal nucleusBasal forebrainHistologyAtaxiabusiness.industrySubstantia innominataAnatomymedicine.diseaseDiagonal band of BrocaPathology and Forensic Medicinemedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyPhysiology (medical)medicineSpinocerebellar ataxiaCholinergicNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomCholinergic neuronbusinessNeuroscienceNeuropathology and Applied Neurobiology
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Cytochemischer Nachweis von Hydrolasen in Pilzzellen

1969

Die Anwendbarkeit der Tetrazoliumsalz-Methode (Lojda, 1965) und der Brom-naphthyl-glykosid-Methode (Cohen u. Mitarb., 1952; Rutenburg u. Mitarb., 1958, 1960) zum cytochemischen Nachweis von β-Galactosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.23), α-Glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.20) und β-Glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.21) in den Zellen der Pilze Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus oryzae und Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Vorkultur auf Nahrboden mit Zusatzen von Enzyminduktoren) wurde untersucht. In allen Fallen waren die TS-Medien — was die Art der Enzymlokalisation, die Empfindlichkeit und Spezifitat betrifft — dem Brom-naphthylglykosid-Verfahren uberlegen. Bei N. crassa und A. oryzae liesen sich β-Galactosidase, α- und β-Glucosidase,…

Medical Laboratory TechnologyHistologyCell BiologyBiologyMolecular BiologyMolecular biologyHistochemie
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Der cytochemische Nachweis von Cytochromoxydase und Peroxydasen bei Pilzen

1967

Verschiedene Nachweisverfahren fur Cytochromoxydase und Peroxydase wurden an den Pilzen Neurospora crassa, Oospora lactis und Saccharomyces cerevisiae getestet und die jeweils beste zur Zeit verfugbare Methode ermittelt. Zur cytochemischen Lokalisation der Cytochromoxydase (E.C. 1.9.3.1) ist das Amin-Amin-Verfahren von Burstone (1960) mit den Reaktionspartnern p-Aminodiphenylamin und Variaminblau B (p-Methoxy-p′-aminodiphenylamin) zu empfehlen, wobei die optimale Inkubationszeit bei allen Pilzen 30 min betragt. Die braunroten Reaktionsprodukte sind im Cytoplasma aller Pilze gleichmasig verteilt. Eine Nachbehandlung der Praparate in Cobaltacetat-Losung (Burstone, 1960) sowie die Zwischenscha…

Medical Laboratory TechnologyHistologyChemistryCell BiologyMolecular BiologyMolecular biologyHistochemie
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Untersuchungen zum cytochemischen Nachweis von Glukoseoxydase (E.C. 1.1.3.4) beiAspergillus niger

1966

Mit Hilfe des Tetrazoliumsalzes Nitro-BT sowie des Intermediators Phenazinmethosulfat wurde die intrazellulare Glukoseoxydase (E.C. 1.1.3.4) vonAspergillus niger cytochemisch nachgewiesen, wobei biochemische Befunde zur Stutzung der Spezifitat der Reaktion herangezogen wurden.

Medical Laboratory TechnologyHistologyChemistryCell BiologyMolecular BiologyMolecular biologyHistochemie
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Histochemisches Enzymmuster der Mamma unter dem experimentellen Einfluß von Geschlechtshormonen

1968

In histochemischen Untersuchungen an der Mamma von Ratten soll die Beeinflussung der Enzymaktivitat durch Ostrogene und Progesteron demonstriert werden. Die Untersuchungen wurden an 40 weiblichen juvenilen und kastrierten Albinoratten durchgefuhrt, von denen die 1. Gruppe Follikelhormon (Progynon, 5 γ/d), die 2. Gruppe Corpus luteum-Hormon (Proluton, 1 mg/d) erhielten. Neben Kontrolltieren gleichen Alters wurden die Brustdrusen unbehandelter infantiler Tiere untersucht. Am 3., 5., 10. und 20. Tag nach Injektionsbeginn wurden die Tiere getotet und die Brustdrusen histologisch sowie enzymhistochemisch durch den Nachweis von alkalischer Phosphatase (Azofarbstoff und Schwermetallsimultanmethode…

Medical Laboratory TechnologyHistologyChemistryCell BiologyMolecular BiologyMolecular biologyHistochemie
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Zur Frage der histochemischen Fettspezifit�t des Sudanschwarz B und zur Methodik der Auftrennung seiner FraktioneN

1964

1. Spektrophotometrische Untersuchungen verschiedener kauflicher deutscher Sudanschwarz B-Sorten zeigen gleiche Absorptionskurven mit zwei charakteristischen Maxima bei 415 und 595 nm. Die einzelnen Sudanschwarz B-Fabrikate stellen mit groser Wahrscheinlichkeit gleiche oder zumindest sehr ahnliche Farbstoffgemische dar und sind somit untereinander vergleichbar. 2. In Anlehnung anBermes undMcDonald wird ein saulenchromatographisches Verfahren angegeben, um Fraktionen des kauflichen Sudanschwarz B fur praparative Zwecke zu gewinnen. Auch konnen verschiedene Komponenten des Sudanschwarz B aufgrund verschiedener Loslichkeit isoliert werden. 3. Das Sudanschwarz B von Merck hat nicht nur ein glei…

Medical Laboratory TechnologyHistologyChemistryCell BiologyMolecular BiologyMolecular biologyHistochemie
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