Search results for "Homogeneous"

showing 10 items of 718 documents

Zircon M127 - A Homogeneous Reference Material for SIMS U-Pb Geochronology Combined with Hafnium, Oxygen and, Potentially, Lithium Isotope Analysis

2016

Faculty of Geosciences, Geography and Astronomy, University of Vienna; Beijing SHRIMP Centre, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences; European Commission [MEXC-CT-2005-024878]; FWF Austrian Science Fund [P20028-N10, P24448-N19]; U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR 1524336]

Isotopes of lithium010401 analytical chemistryGeochemistryMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementGeology010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciences7. Clean energy0104 chemical sciencesHafniumchemistryGeochemistry and PetrologyHomogeneousGeochronologyEuropean commissionGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesZircon
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XTDS and SPVIEW: Graphical tools for the analysis and simulation of high-resolution molecular spectra

2008

International audience; XTDS is a Java front-end to the different programs implementing the tensorial formalism developed in the Dijon group [see for instance: V. Boudon, J.-P. Champion, T. Gabard, M. Loëte, F. Michelot, G. Pierre, M. Rotger, Ch. Wenger, M. Rey, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 228 (2004) 620–634 ]. It allows the simulation and analysis of polyad systems for molecules of various symmetries (Td and Oh spherical tops like CH4 and SF6, C2v and C4v quasi-spherical tops like SO2F2 and SF5Cl, D2h molecules like C2H4). SPVIEW is a multiplatform Java application that allows graphical assignment of high-resolution molecular spectra. It is possible to load, display and manipulate experimental and …

JavaComputer scienceTensorial formalism02 engineering and technologyASCII01 natural sciencesGraphical toolsSpectral lineComputational scienceSoftware0103 physical sciencesGraphical interfaceAnalysis and simulationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyGraphical user interfacecomputer.programming_language[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]010304 chemical physicsbusiness.industrySpectrum assignment021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Homogeneous spaceHITRAN0210 nano-technologybusinesscomputer
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Electron-Transfer Kinetics for Generation of Organoiron(IV) Porphyrins and the Iron(IV) Porphyrin π Radical Cations

1999

Homogeneous electron-transfer kinetics for the oxidation of seven different iron(III) porphyrins using three different oxidants were examined in deaerated acetonitrile, and the resulting data were evaluated in light of the Marcus theory of electron transfer to determine reorganization energies of the rate-determining oxidation of iron(III) to iron(IV). The investigated compounds are represented as (P)Fe(R), where P = the dianion of 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethyl-5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (OETPP) and R = C6H5, 3,5-C6F2H3, 2,4,6-C6F3H2, or C6F5 or P = the dianion of 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethylporphyrin (OEP) and R = C6H5, 2,4,6-C6F3H2, or 2,3,5,6-C6F4H. The first one-electron transfer …

KineticsInorganic chemistryGeneral ChemistryBiochemistryPorphyrinMedicinal chemistryCatalysisMarcus theorychemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryHomogeneousAcetonitrileJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Analyzing the impact of using the SRP (Simplified roughness parameterization) method on soil moisture retrieval over different regions of the globe

2015

International audience; This paper focuses on a new approach to account for soil roughness effects in the retrieval of soil moisture (SM) at L-band in the framework of the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) mission: the Simplified Roughness Parameterization (SRP). While the classical retrieval approach considers SM and τ nad (vegetation optical depth) as retrieved parameters, this approach is based on the retrieval of SM and the TR parameter combining τ nad and soil roughness (TR τ nad + Hr /2). Different roughness parameterizations were tested to find the best correlation (R), bias and unbiased RMSE (ubRMSE) when comparing homogeneous retrievals of SM and in situ SM measurements carri…

L bandVegetation optical depth010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMean squared errorvegetation mapping0211 other engineering and technologiesSampling (statistics)[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth SciencesSoil science02 engineering and technologySurface finish01 natural sciencesL-bandHomogeneousEnvironmental sciencesoil measurementsmicrowave radiometrysoil moistureWater contentSoil roughness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingmathematical model021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Langmuir monolayers and Langmuir–Blodgett films of ferritin prepared by using a surfactant mixture of eicosylamine (EA) and methyl stearate (SME)

2007

Abstract Magnetic Langmuir–Blodgett films of ferritin have been prepared by using the adsorption properties of a 1/4 mixed monolayer of eicosylamine (EA) and methyl stearate (SME). BAM images show that a more homogeneous distribution of ferritin at the air–water interface is achieved by using this mixture of surfactants instead of the DODA/SME mixed matrix of a previous work. Transfer of the monolayer onto different substrates allowed the preparation of multilayer LB films. Infrared and UV–Vis spectroscopies indicate that ferritin molecules are incorporated within the LB films. Furthermore, UV–Vis spectroscopy measurements reveal that the amount of ferritin incorporated into these LB film h…

LangmuirChemistryInorganic chemistryLangmuir–Blodgett filmHomogeneous distributionInorganic ChemistryAdsorptionPulmonary surfactantChemical engineeringMonolayerMaterials ChemistryMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySuperparamagnetismPolyhedron
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Lanthanide bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amides vs. trifluoromethylsulfonates as catalysts for Friedel–Crafts acylations

2002

Abstract The use of catalytic amounts: 1 mol% or less of perfluoroalkyl lanthanide salts as homogeneous catalysts for Friedel–Crafts acylations in non-hazardous solvents is thereafter investigated. Lanthanide bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amides are better catalysts than the triflate analogues towards the acetylation of activated aromatic rings.

LanthanideProcess Chemistry and TechnologyEtherHomogeneous catalysisAnisoleCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryLanthanide trifluoromethanesulfonatesOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFriedel–Crafts reactionTrifluoromethanesulfonateJournal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical
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Group 3 and 4 metal alkyl and hydrido complexes containing a linked amido-cyclopentadienyl ligand: “constrained geometry” polymerization catalysts fo…

2002

Abstract In order to understand the nature of the putative cationic 12-electron species [M(η 5 :η 1 -C 5 R 4 SiMe 2 NR′)R″] + of titanium catalysts supported by a linked amido-cyclopentadienyl ligand, several derivatives with different cyclopentadienyl C 5 R 4 and amido substituents R′ were studied systematically. The use of tridentate variants (C 5 R 4 SiMe 2 NCH 2 CH 2 X) 2− (C 5 R 4 =C 5 Me 4 , C 5 H 4 , C 5 H 3 t Bu ; X=OMe, SMe, NMe 2 ) allowed the NMR spectroscopic observation of the titanium benzyl cations [Ti(η 5 :η 1 -C 5 Me 4 SiMe 2 NCH 2 CH 2 X)(CH 2 Ph)] + . Isoelectronic neutral rare earth metal complexes [Ln(η 5 :η 1 -C 5 R 4 SiMe 2 NR′)R″] can be expected to be active for pol…

Lanthanidechemistry.chemical_classificationLigandHydrideChemistryStereochemistryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyCationic polymerizationHomogeneous catalysisMedicinal chemistryCatalysisCyclopentadienyl complexPolymerizationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlkylJournal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical
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Comparative LA-ICP-IDMS determinations of trace elements in powdered samples using laser ablation systems with low and high ablation rates

2004

The results of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma isotope dilution mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-IDMS) with a special laser ablation system with high ablation rates (LINA-Spark-Atomiser), which was constructed for bulk analyses of solid samples, are compared with those obtained by one of the commonly used LA systems (UP213). Using different reference materials for validation it was demonstrated that the accuracy of LA-ICP-IDMS determinations of elements like Fe, Cu, Pb, and Zn by both systems is comparable in the concentration range of 10−2–10−6 g g−1, but the LINA-Spark-Atomiser also provides accurate results in the sub-μg g−1 range. IDMS enables accurate calibration of LA-ICP-MS determ…

Laser ablationChemistryHomogeneousmedicine.medical_treatmentAnalytical chemistrymedicineCalibrationIsotope dilutionInductively coupled plasmaAblationSpectroscopyOrder of magnitudeAnalytical ChemistryJournal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry
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Volatiles in pantellerite magmas: A case study of the Green Tuff Plinian eruption (Island of Pantelleria, Italy)

2013

Abstract The Green Tuff (GT) Plinian eruption, the largest in magnitude at Pantelleria, erupted 3 to 7 km3 DRE of pantellerite magma and a small volume of trachyte. Fifty-nine anorthoclase-hosted melt inclusions from the two basal pumice members were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy in order to assess the pre-eruptive H2O content in the pantellerite melt. Microanalytical methods were used to determine major element, Cl, F and S contents. Melt inclusions and glassy groundmasses have a nearly homogeneous pantelleritic composition (peralkaline index = 1.9-2.2) and variable water contents ranging from 1.4 to as high as 4.2 wt %, i.e. much higher than the 1.4 wt % of earlier published studies. The…

LavaSettore GEO/07 - Petrologia E PetrografiaGeochemistryTrachyteMagma chamberStrombolian eruptionGeophysicsEffusive eruptionGeochemistry and PetrologyPumiceMagmaThe Green Tuff (GT) Plinian eruption the largest in magnitude at Pantelleria erupted 3 to 7 km 3 DRE of pantellerite magma and a small volume of trachyte. Fifty-nine anorthoclase-hosted melt inclusions from the two basal pumice members were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy in order to assess the pre-eruptive H2Ocontent in the pantellerite melt. Microanalytical methods were used to determine major element Cl F and S contents. Melt inclusions and glassy groundmasses have a nearly homogeneous pantelleritic composition (peralkaline index = 1.9-2.2) and variable water contents ranging from 1.4 to as high as 4.2 wt % i.e. much higher than the 1.4 wt % of earlier published studies. The chlorine content is constant at about 1 wt %. Combined Cl and H2O data were used to estimate a confining pressure of about 50 MPa (depth around 2-3 km) for the GT magma chamber. The chamber was characterized by a compositional zoning with a dominant pantellerite overlying a trachyte magma. Soon after the GT eruption intra-caldera volcanism was dominated by the eruption of voluminous trachyte lavaflows while pantellerite melt production resumed after about 20 ka with numerous low-volume mildly explosive (Strombolian) to effusive eruptions. Comparison with data from the literature reveals that despite the differentexplosivity the post-caldera Strombolian eruptions and the GT Plinian eruption were fed by pantelleritic magmas with similar water contents. Chlorine and CO2contents suggest that the young magma reservoirs feeding the Strombolian to effusive activity were deeper (h≥4.5 km) than the much larger (based on erupted volumes) magma chamber which fed the GT eruptionGeologyMelt inclusionsJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
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Efficient Anodic and Direct Phenol-Arene C,C Cross-Coupling: The Benign Role of Water or Methanol

2012

C,C cross-coupling reactions for the synthesis of nonsymmetrical biaryls represent one of the most significant transformations in contemporary organic chemistry. A variety of useful synthetic methods have been developed in recent decades, since nonsymmetrical biaryls play an evident role in natural product synthesis, as ligand systems in homogeneous catalysis and materials science. Transformation of simple arenes by direct C,H activation belongs to the cutting-edge strategies for creating biaryls; in particular the 2-fold C,H activation is of significant interest. However, in most examples very costly noble metal catalysts, ligand systems, and significant amount of waste-producing oxidants …

LigandHomogeneous catalysisGeneral Chemistryengineering.materialElectrochemistryBiochemistryCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryReagentengineeringPhenolOrganic chemistryNoble metalMethanolJournal of the American Chemical Society
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