Search results for "Hydrolysis"
showing 10 items of 632 documents
A computational model of postprandial adipose tissue lipid metabolism derived using human arteriovenous stable isotope tracer data
2019
Given the association of disturbances in non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) metabolism with the development of Type 2 Diabetes and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, computational models of glucose-insulin dynamics have been extended to account for the interplay with NEFA. In this study, we use arteriovenous measurement across the subcutaneous adipose tissue during a mixed meal challenge test to evaluate the performance and underlying assumptions of three existing models of adipose tissue metabolism and construct a new, refined model of adipose tissue metabolism. Our model introduces new terms, explicitly accounting for the conversion of glucose to glyceraldehye-3-phosphate, the postprandial …
OXA-163-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Cairo, Egypt, in 2009 and 2010
2012
ABSTRACT Two genetically unrelated OXA-163-carrying Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were identified from two infection cases in June 2009 and May 2010 in Cairo, Egypt. OXA-163-producing Enterobacteriaceae had been previously reported in Argentina only. Both patients had no history of travel abroad. The emergence of this newly recognized OXA-48-related β-lactamase able to hydrolyze cephalosporins and carbapenems is especially worrying in a geographic area where OXA-48 is endemic and effective surveillance for antibiotic resistance is largely unaffordable.
Effect of ouabain and furosemide on erythrocyte sodium and phosphate transport.
1981
The effects of ouabain and furosemide on the unidirectional efflux of sodium and phosphate ions were studied in freshly drawn human red blood cells (RBCs). In the presence of physiologic concentrations of sodium and potassium the rate of sodium efflux was reduced by 74% due to ouabain sensitivity. Furosemide (1.0 mmol/l) reduced ouabain-insensitive sodium transport rate by a further 50%. Thus, 13% of total sodium efflux was inhibited by furosemide when ouabain was present. In the absence of ouabain, however, furosemide inhibited 31% of total sodium transport, indicating that it also affected ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux. Phosphate transfer of RBCs was almost 1.0 mmol/l RBCs per hour. Ery…
Dissolution and hydrolysis of fibre sludge using hydroxyalkylimidazolium hydrogensulphate ionic liquids
2014
Abstract The dissolution and hydrolysis of wet fibre sludge in ionic liquids (ILs) with different reaction conditions are performed in this study. Novel types of hydroxyalkylimidazolium hydrogensulphate ILs, [glymim]HSO 4 , [hemim]HSO 4 and [hpmim]HSO 4 , are especially designed and aimed to combine the dissolution and hydrolysis of wet fibre sludge in a one-step pretreatment. The results were obtained based on the analysis of total reducing sugars (TRS) with the DNS method. The dissolution and hydrolysis of fresh wild horse chestnut fruit ( Aesculus hippocastanum ) with the same ILs were also carried out as a comparison reference. Since fibre sludge is cellulose based and horse chestnut fr…
Formation of supramolecular aggregates by hydrogen bonding based on bispyrimidine and bisbarbituric acid
1997
Hydrogen bonds between bispyrimidine and bisbarbituric acid in equal molar ratio can lead to the formation of supramolecular aggregates. This is established by TEM, IR and DSC measurements. Additionally, WAXS pattern showed that the aggregate is of laminar structure. Both the hydrolysis of this system and termination of the aggregate's growth were studied.
Beyond Biodegradability of Poly(lactic acid): Physical and Chemical Stability in Humid Environments
2017
International audience; Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is the most traded biodegradable and biobased material. It is largely used as ecofriendly substitute of conventional plastics. Nevertheless, one of the main limiting factors is its water sensitivity. PLA reacts with water and is hydrolyzed during time, which determines its performance. Limited information related to the hydrolysis mechanism driven by water in vapor state is available in scientific literature. Literature is mainly focused on the effects of water in liquid state. This lack of information is of significant importance, since PLA interacts with water in both phases. This work was aimed to give a full depiction of the chemical and p…
Clean analytical method for the determination of propoxur
1995
Abstract A method has been developed for the determination of propoxur, a carbamate pesticide, by means of its reaction with p-aminophenol (PAP). The method involves the reaction, in the presence of KIO4, between the quinoneimine form of PAP and the deprotonated form of 2-isopropoxyphenol, obtained by the alkaline hydrolysis of propoxur, to provide an indophenol dye which absorbs at 600 nm. The analysis is carried out in a flow system and, after the measurement step, the waste, the reaction product and the unreacted derivatising agent is detoxified in a UV-irradiated coil placed after the measurement flow-cell and after mixing the waste with a TiO2(anatase) catalyst slurry, which can be reu…
TiO2 photocatalysts prepared by thermohydrolysis of TiCl4 in aqueous solutions
2010
Abstract Nanostructured TiO 2 photocatalysts were synthesized by thermohydrolysis of TiCl 4 at 100 °C in various aqueous solutions. Anatase or rutile, binary mixtures of anatase and rutile or anatase and brookite, and ternary mixtures of anatase, brookite and rutile were obtained depending on the hydrolysis solution. The most efficient catalysts consisted of ternary mixtures of the three polymorphic TiO 2 phases.
Anatase nanoparticles boundaries resulting from titanium tetrachloride hydrolysis
2017
An important factor that governs solar energy transformation into electrical or chemical energy, when using nanoparticles-based devices, is the spatial location of traps limiting electron transport. Evidences have been presented indicating that the electron diffusion is strongly influenced by nanoparticle boundaries, whose characteristics depend on the particles preparation. In the present work we have studied the role of hydrated excess proton structures in the formation of anatase nanoparticles boundaries in samples prepared by TiCl4 hydrolysis at low temperature and strong acidic conditions. The samples, constituted by anatase nanocrystals but, mainly, by amorphous titania, are studied b…
Influence of Amorphous TiO2-x on Titania Nanoparticle Growth and Anatase-to-Rutile Transformation
2012
Amorphous TiO2-x formed together with precursors and anatase nuclei, during TiCl4 hydrolysis at soft conditions, influences both crystal growth and phase stability. The highly defective nanoparticles of anatase grow by reaction of their basic hydroxyls with acidic ones of TiO2 precursor species. The growth of anatase crystals, however, is affected by their interactions with simultaneously formed amorphous TiO2-x which increasingly covers the particles hindering the anatase-precursor contact. The interactions among anatase and amorphous and precursor components have been studied by H-1-MAS (magic angle spinning) NMR spectroscopy. The interaction between acid and basic hydroxyls favors the fo…