Search results for "IMM"

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound- and Radiation Therapy-Induced Immuno-modulation: Comparison and Potential Opportunities

2017

In recent years, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has emerged as a new and promising non-invasive and non-ionizing ablative technique for the treatment of localized solid tumors. Extensive pre-clinical and clinical studies have evidenced that, in addition to direct destruction of the primary tumor, HIFU-thermoablation may elicit long-term systemic host anti-tumor immunity. In particular, an important consequence of HIFU treatment includes the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), the secretion of immuno-suppressing factors by cancer cells and the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. Radiation therapy (RT) is the main treatment modality used for many types of tu…

Tumor infiltration by Tbet+ effector T cells and CD20+ B cells is associated with survival in gastric cancer patients

2016

International audience; Tumor-infiltrating T and B lymphocytes could have the potential to affect cancer prognosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of tumor infiltration by CD8 and CD4 T cells, and B lymphocytes in patients with localized gastric cancer. In a retrospective cohort of 82 patients with localized gastric cancer and treated by surgery we quantitatively assessed by immunohistochemistry on surgical specimen, immune infiltrates of IL-17(+), CD8(+), Foxp3(+), Tbet(+) T cells and CD20(+) B cells both in the tumor core and at the invasive margin via immunohistochemical analyses of surgical specimens. We observed that CD8(+) and IL17(+) T-cell…

Identification of a tumor-reactive T-cell repertoire in the immune infiltrate of patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

2016

The devastating prognosis of patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) presents an urgent need for the development of therapeutic strategies targeting disseminated tumor cells. Until now, T-cell therapy has been scarcely pursued in PDA, due to the prevailing view that it represents a poorly immunogenic tumor.We systematically analyzed T-cell infiltrates in tumor biopsies from 127 patients with resectable PDA by means of immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, T-cell receptor (TCR) deep-sequencing and functional analysis ofProminent T-cell infiltrates, as well as tertiary lymphoid structures harboring proliferating T-cells, were detected in the vast majority of biopsies f…

Depletion of regulatory T cells increases T cell brain infiltration, reactive astrogliosis, and interferon-γ gene expression in acute experimental tr…

2019

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability. T cells were shown to infiltrate the brain during the first days after injury and to exacerbate tissue damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the hitherto unresolved role of immunosuppressive, regulatory T cells (Tregs) in experimental TBI. Methods “Depletion of regulatory T cell” (DEREG) and wild type (WT) C57Bl/6 mice, treated with diphtheria toxin (DTx) to deplete Tregs or to serve as control, were subjected to the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model of TBI. Neurological and motor deficits were examined until 5 days post-injury (dpi). At the 5 dpi endpoint, (immuno-) histological…

2017

Danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released by damaged cells and trigger neuroinflammation through activation of non-specific pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), e.g. Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Since the role of TLR 2 and 4 after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still unclear, we examined the outcome and the expression of proinflammatory mediators after experimental TBI in Tlr2/4 / and wild-type (WT) mice. Tlr2/4 / and wild-type mice were subjected to controlled cortical injury and contusion volume and brain edema formation were assessed 24 h thereafter. Expression of inflammatory markers in brain tissue was measured by quantitative PCR 15 min, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after contr…

Expression of claudin-5, claudin-7 and occludin in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their clinico-pathological significance

2015

Background: Claudin and occludin are the important tight junctions protein in human. The downregulation or upregulation of claudins and occludin might have a role in cancer development. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of claudin-5, claudin-7 and occludin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their relationships with the prognostically-related clinico-pathologic features. Material and Methods: Standard indirect immunohistochemical technique using anti-claudin-5, anti-claudin-7 and anti-occludin was performed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 66 OSCC samples from Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University. The positive cases were div…

TTF-1/p63-Positive Poorly Differentiated NSCLC: A Histogenetic Hypothesis from the Basal Reserve Cell of the Terminal Respiratory Unit

2020

TTF-1 is expressed in the alveolar epithelium and in the basal cells of distal terminal bronchioles. It is considered the most sensitive and specific marker to define the adenocarcinoma arising from the terminal respiratory unit (TRU). TTF-1, CK7, CK5/6, p63 and p40 are useful for typifying the majority of non-small-cell lung cancers, with TTF and CK7 being typically expressed in adenocarcinomas and the latter three being expressed in squamous cell carcinoma. As tumors with coexpression of both TTF-1 and p63 in the same cells are rare, we describe different cases that coexpress them, suggesting a histogenetic hypothesis of their origin. We report 10 cases of poorly differentiated non-small-…

Lymphatic Endothelial Cells Control Initiation of Lymph Node Organogenesis

2017

Lymph nodes (LNs) are strategically situated throughout the body at junctures of the blood vascular and lymphatic systems to direct immune responses against antigens draining from peripheral tissues. The current paradigm describes LN development as a programmed process that is governed through the interaction between mesenchymal lymphoid tissue organizer (LTo) cells and hematopoietic lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells. Using cell-type-specific ablation of key molecules involved in lymphoid organogenesis, we found that initiation of LN development is dependent on LTi-cell-mediated activation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and that engagement of mesenchymal stromal cells is a succeedi…

Kupffer Cell and Monocyte-Derived Macrophage Identification by Immunofluorescence on Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Mouse Liver Sections

2020

Kupffer cells are the liver-resident macrophages and represent the first line of defense between the pathogens circulating from the intestines through the portal vein and systemic circulation. Recent works have highlighted the complex heterogeneity of macrophage functions and origins, thus raising awareness on the need for a better characterization of macrophage populations. The immunohistochemistry method here described, allows for a rapid distinction between Kupffer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages present on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mouse liver samples. This protocol has been optimized for its reproducibility, reliability, and simplicity.

Podoplanin expression in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma

2017

Background Podoplanin is a type I transmembrane sialomucin-like glycoprotein that is specifically expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells. Studies have shown that assessment of podoplanin expression in the epithelial cells can be used to predict the malignant transformation of potentially malignant disorders and the metastatic tendency of primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of our study was to compare the expression of podoplanin in oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma with that in normal buccal mucosa by immunohistochemical methods. Material and methods Immunohistochemical expression of podoplanin was analyzed in 20 cases each of or…