Search results for "IMPAIRMENT"
showing 10 items of 434 documents
Poor vision accompanied with other sensory impairments as a predictor of falls in older women
2008
Objectives:we studied visual acuity (VA) and co-existing hearing impairment and poor standing balance as predictors of falls. Design: prospective study with 1-year follow-up. Setting: research laboratory and residential environment. Participants: 428 women aged 63‐76 years from the Finnish Twin Study on Aging. Measurements: participants were followed up for incidence of falls over 1 year. VA, hearing ability and standing balance were assessed at the baseline. The incidence rate ratios (IRR) for falls were computed using the negative binomial regression model. Results: during the follow-up, 47% of participants experienced a fall. After adjusting for age and interdependence of twin sisters, p…
Genistein effect on cognition in prodromal Alzheimer's disease patients : the GENIAL clinical trial
2022
Background: Delaying the transition from minimal cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s dementia is a major concern in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) therapeutics. Pathological signs of AD occur years before the onset of clinical dementia. Thus, long-term therapeutic approaches, with safe, minimally invasive, and yet efective substances are recommended. There is a need to develop new drugs to delay Alzheimer’s dementia. We have taken a nutritional supplement approach with genistein, a chemically defned polyphenol that acts by multimodal specifc mechanisms. Our group previously showed that genistein supplementation is efective to treat the double transgenic (APP/PS1) AD animal model. Methods: In this…
Anosognosia and Metacognition in Alzheimer’s Disease
2015
While metacognition and anosognosia have long been studied as distinct concepts, more recently we have endeavored to construct a theoretical framework for exploring how metacognition can contribute to our understanding of anosognosia and vice versa. Following this approach, with a particular focus on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), this chapter first gives an overview of the key experimental findings and issues on metacognition in AD patients: in particular, overconfidence and absolute awareness; the sensitivity approach; the fractionation of metacognition in AD; the neural substrates of metacognition in the Alzheimer brain; and metacognitive control in these patients. Second, the chapter discuss…
Lessons Learned from the German Registry for Acute Aortic Dissection Type A (GERAADA) and Expectations for the Future
2014
The German Registry for Acute Aortic Dissection type A (GERAADA) is a prospective observational clinical multicenter registry that was launched in 2006. With more than 2,500 patients included from over 50 recruiting centers it is—to our knowledge—the most representative register for acute aortic dissection type A (AADA) currently available. We examined mortality and post-operative events as well as the influence of various pre- and intraoperative factors on these endpoints. Among patients registered, 30-day mortality is 15.9 %. 13.4 % of patients experienced postoperatively a new neurological deficit and a total of 10.5 % of patients suffered from permanent neurological impairment 30 days a…
Gender-related effect of clinical and genetic variables on the cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
2004
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment may occur at any time during the course of multiple sclerosis (MS), and it is often a major cause of disability in patients with the disease. The APOE-epsilon4 allele is the major known genetic risk factor for late onset familial and sporadic Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and it seems to be implicated in cognitive decline in normal elderly persons. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical and genetic variables that can be associated with the cognitive decline in patients with MS. METHODS: Five-hundred and three patients with clinically definite MS underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests and, according to the number of failed tests, were divided into cognit…
Isolated, Subtle Neurological Abnormalities in Mild Cognitive Impairment Types.
2019
Isolated, subtle neurological abnormalities (ISNA) are commonly seen in aging and have been related to cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and subcortical atrophy in neurologically and cognitively healthy aging subjects.To investigate the frequency of ISNA in different mild cognitive impairment (MCI) types and to evaluate for each MCI type, the cross-sectional relation between ISNA and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), lacunes, caudate atrophy, and ventricular enlargement.One thousand two hundred fifty subjects with different MCI types were included in the analysis and underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging. WMHs were assessed through two visual rating scales. Lacunes were also rated…
Narraciones escritas en niños con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL)
2012
El presente estudio examinó las narraciones escritas, así como la influencia de las variables lingüísticas sobre la competencia narrativa de los niños con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL). Veinticinco niños con TEL y 25 niños con desarrollo normal del lenguaje, equilibrados en edad e inteligencia, realizaron una tarea de narración escrita. Los resultados indican que ambos grupos difieren en la producción de narraciones. Los niños con TEL no solo escribieron historias más cortas, sino también de menor organización y coherencia. Además cometieron significativamente más errores de ortografía natural y de sintaxis. Los análisis de regresión jerárquica mostraron que diferentes medidas lin…
Reading Disabilities in children with Specific Language Impairment
2019
El presente estudio examinó el rendimiento en lectura de los niños con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL). Treinta niños con TEL y 32 niños con desarrollo normal del lenguaje, equilibrados en género, edad cronológica e inteligencia, fueron evaluados mediante el PROLEC-R. Los resultados de los ANOVAs indicaron que ambos grupos difieren en el rendimiento en lectura. Como grupo, los niños con TEL tuvieron significativamente un rendimiento inferior, tanto en la exactitud como en el tiempo de la lectura de palabras y pseudopalabras, por lo que tenían una menos eficacia de lectura. En la misma línea, el rendimiento de los niños con TEL en comprensión literal e inferencial también fue inferio…
Audiovisual speech perception in children with developmental language disorder in degraded listening conditions.
2013
Purpose The effect of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the perception of audiovisual speech in children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD) was investigated by varying the noise level and the sound intensity of acoustic speech. The main hypotheses were that the McGurk effect (in which incongruent visual speech alters the auditory speech percept) would be weaker for children with DLD than for controls and that it would get stronger with decreasing SNR in both groups. Method The participants were 8-year-old children with DLD and a sample of children with normal language development. In the McGurk stimuli, the consonant uttered by the voice differed from that articulated …
Frequent and severe hypoglycaemia detected with continuous glucose monitoring in older institutionalised patients with diabetes.
2021
AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the prevalence of hypoglycaemia in older people with diabetes. However, the HbA1c goal is ≥8% for institutionalised patients with treatments that can cause hypoglycaemia.PurposeWe aimed to assess the prevalence of hypoglycaemia with continuous glucose monitoring and to evaluate the link with HbA1C in older institutionalised patients with diabetes taking potentially hypoglycaemia-inducing drugs.DesignProspective, multicentre study carried out in six geriatric care centres in the Côte d’Or region of France between January 2019 and July 2020.Settings, subjects and methodsA FreeStyle Libre Pro® (FSLP) was worn for up to 14 days in blinded mode in 42 patie…