Search results for "INFECTIONS"
showing 10 items of 2671 documents
Consistent isotopic differences between Schistocephalus spp. parasites and their stickleback hosts
2015
Published version available at http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/dao02893 Parasite−host systems show markedly variable patterns in isotopic fractionation: parasites can be either depleted or enriched in 15N and 13C as compared to their hosts. However, it remains unknown whether isotopic fractionation patterns are similar in comparable parasite−host systems from markedly different ecosystems. Results of this study show that large-sized Schistocephalus spp. endoparasites are consistently depleted in 15N (by on average −2.13 to −2.20‰) as compared to their nine-spined stickleback Pungitius pungitius and three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus hosts. The differences between parasites and host f…
Concurrent staphylococcal and herpes simplex infections – diagnostic pitfalls. A case report
2018
We describe the case of a six-year-old boy with concurrent staphylococcal septicaemia, herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE), and haemorrhagic erosive oesophagitis. Due to guiding clinical and lab symptoms that suggested a diagnosis of staphylococcal sepsis with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, acyclovir treatment was discontinued a"er three days, but the lack of progress in neurological status, further lab tests, and CT and MRI imaging led the authors to consider possible HSV infection, and this diagnosis was con#rmed by PCR test. Even though the treatment for HSV was applied again, the long gap in acyclovir medication contributed to a severe neurological de#cit and an adverse …
Discovery and structure-activity relationship studies of irreversible benzisothiazolinone-based inhibitors against Staphylococcus aureus sortase A tr…
2014
Gram-positive bacteria, in general, and staphylococci, in particular, are the widespread cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. The rapid evolvement of strains resistant to antibiotics currently in use is a serious challenge. Novel antimicrobial compounds have to be developed to fight these resistant bacteria, and sortase A, a bacterial cell wall enzyme, is a promising target for novel therapies. As a transpeptidase that covalently attaches various virulence factors to the cell surface, this enzyme plays a crucial role in the ability of bacteria to invade the host's tissues and to escape the immune response. In this study we have screened a small molecule library against rec…
Report of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) from Staphylococcus aureus isolated in food handlers and surfaces from foodservice establishments.
2012
A set of 53 Staphylococcus aureus isolates collected from food handlers and foodservice establishments in Spain was analyzed for toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) production. S. aureus strains were isolated from 908 samples collected from different surfaces such as dish towels, workers’ hands, cutting boards, stainless steel tables and slicers, but they were not detected neither in clean plates nor in kitchen knives. Only one food worker hand has been reported to be contaminated by TSST-1 in a restaurant. Despite this, proper hygiene practices should be respected for the surfaces of contact with food, as well as for the hands of the manipulators This is the first article, in Spain, that r…
Photothermal nanofibrillar membrane based on hyaluronic acid and graphene oxide to treat Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected wo…
2022
Here we reported the fabrication of an electrospun membrane based on a hyaluronic acid derivative (HA-EDA) to be used as a bandage for the potential treatment of chronic wounds. The membrane, loaded with graphene oxide (GO) and ciprofloxacin, showed photothermal properties and light-triggered drug release when irradiated with a near-infrared (NIR) laser beam. Free amino groups of HA-EDA derivative allowed autocrosslinking of the elec- trospun membrane; thus, a substantial enhancement in the hydrolytic resistance of the patch was obtained. In vitro antibacterial activity studies performed on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed that such electrospun membranes, due to the…
Rapid differentiation between livestock-associated and livestock-independent Staphylococcus aureus CC398 clades.
2013
Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398 (CC398) isolates cluster into two distinct phylogenetic clades based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealing a basal human clade and a more derived livestock clade. The scn and tet(M) genes are strongly associated with the human and the livestock clade, respectively, due to loss and acquisition of mobile genetic elements. We present canonical single-nucleotide polymorphism (canSNP) assays that differentiate the two major host-associated S. aureus CC398 clades and a duplex PCR assay for detection of scn and tet (M). The canSNP assays correctly placed 88 S. aureus CC398 isolates from a reference collection into the human and livestock clade…
Differences in metabolic profiles of planktonic and biofilm cells in Staphylococcus aureus - (1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance search for candidate bio…
2013
Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for many types of infections related to biofilm presence. As the early diagnostics remains the best option for prevention of biofilm infections, the aim of the work presented was to search for differences in metabolite patterns of S. aureus ATCC6538 biofilm vs. free-swimming S. aureus planktonic forms. For this purpose, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was applied. Data obtained were supported by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy, quantitative cultures and X-ray computed microtomography. Metabolic trends accompanying S. aureus biofilm formation were found using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Levels of isoleucine, alanine and 2,3-but…
ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTISTAPHYLOCOCCAL BIOFILM ACTIVITY FROM THE SEA URCHIN PARACENTROTUS LIVIDUS
2009
Aims: Staphylococcal biofilm-associated infections are resistant to conventional antibiotics. Consequently, new agents are needed to treat them. With this aim, we focused on the effector cells (coelomocytes) of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus immune system. Methods and Results: We tested the activity of the 5-kDa peptide fraction of the cytosol from coelomocytes (5-CC) against a group of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. We determined minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 253.7 to 15.8 mg ml(-1). We observed an inhibitory activity and antibiofilm properties of 5-CC against staphylococcal biofilms of reference strains Staphylococcus epidermidis DSM 3269 an…
Novel pathogenic mechanism of microbial metalloproteinases: liberation of membrane-anchored molecules in biologically active form exemplified by stud…
1996
Certain membrane-anchored proteins, including several cytokines and cytokine receptors, can be released into cell supernatants through the action of endogenous membrane-bound metalloproteinases. The shed molecules are then able to fulfill various biological functions; for example, soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R) can bind to bystander cells, rendering these cells sensitive to the action of IL-6. Using IL-6R as a model substrate, we report that the metalloproteinase from Serratia marcescens mimics the action of the endogenous shedding proteinase. Treatment of human monocytes with the bacterial protease led to a rapid release of sIL-6R into the supernatant. This effect was inhibitable …
Antibacterial Activity of Flavonoids Against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains
2000
An experimental and theoretical study was performed on the anti-staphylococcal activity of 18 natural and synthetic flavonoids against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. The analysed flavonoids belong to three well-differentiated structural patterns: chalcones, flavanones and flavones. The quantitative analysis of the anti-staphylococcal activity of the compounds was carried out by determining their percent inhibition degree. The hierarchical cluster analysis method was used to analyse the anti-MRSA activity of the compounds. With this methodology, the flavonoids were classified into four groups according to their anti-staphylococcal activity (high, sufficient, intermediat…