Search results for "IONT"
showing 10 items of 382 documents
From First Principles to the Burrows and Wheeler Transform and Beyond, via Combinatorial Optimization
2007
AbstractWe introduce a combinatorial optimization framework that naturally induces a class of optimal word permutations with respect to a suitably defined cost function taking into account various measures of relatedness between words. The Burrows and Wheeler transform (bwt) (cf. [M. Burrows, D. Wheeler, A block sorting lossless data compression algorithm, Technical Report 124, Digital Equipment Corporation, 1994]), and its analog for labelled trees (cf. [P. Ferragina, F. Luccio, G. Manzini, S. Muthukrishnan, Structuring labeled trees for optimal succinctness, and beyond, in: Proc. of the 45th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 2005, pp. 198–207]), are special cases i…
Statistical Modeling of Huffman Tables Coding
2005
An innovative algorithm for automatic generation of Huffman coding tables for semantic classes of digital images is presented. Collecting statistics over a large dataset of corresponding images, we generated Huffman tables for three images classes: landscape, portrait and document. Comparisons between the new tables and the JPEG standard coding tables, using also different quality settings, have shown the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in terms of final bit size (e.g. compression ratio).
Optimal Partitions of Strings: A New Class of Burrows-Wheeler Compression Algorithms
2003
The Burrows-Wheeler transform [1] is one of the mainstays of lossless data compression. In most cases, its output is fed to Move to Front or other variations of symbol ranking compression. One of the main open problems [2] is to establish whether Move to Front, or more in general symbol ranking compression, is an essential part of the compression process. We settle this question positively by providing a new class of Burrows-Wheeler algorithms that use optimal partitions of strings, rather than symbol ranking, for the additional step. Our technique is a quite surprising specialization to strings of partitioning techniques devised by Buchsbaum et al. [3] for two-dimensional table compression…
Leakage Detection via Edge Processing in LoRaWAN-based Smart Water Distribution Networks
2022
The optimization and digitalization of Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) are becoming key objectives in our modern society. Indeed, WDNs are typically old, worn and obsolete. These inadequate conditions of the infrastructures lead to significant water loss due to leakages inside pipes, junctions and nodes. It has been measured that in Europe the average value of lost water is about 26 %. Leakage control in current WDNs is typically passive, repairing leaks only when they are visible. Emerging Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technologies, and especially IoT ones, can help monitor water consumption and automatically detect leakages. In this context, LoRaWAN can be the right way to deploy…
The Microbiota Promotes Arterial Thrombosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Deficient Mice
2019
Our results demonstrate a functional role for the commensal microbiota in atherothrombosis. In a ferric chloride injury model of the carotid artery, GF C57BL/6J mice had increased occlusion times compared to colonized controls. Interestingly, in late atherosclerosis, HFD-fed GF Ldlr−/− mice had reduced plaque rupture-induced thrombus growth in the carotid artery and diminished ex vivo thrombus formation under arterial flow conditions.
Nitric oxide modulates striatal neuronal activity via soluble guanylyl cyclase: an in vivo microiontophoretic study in rats.
2003
It is now well established that nitric oxide (NO) acts as a neuromodulator in the central nervous system. To assess the role of NO in modulating striatal activity, single-unit recording was combined with iontophoresis to study presumed spiny projection neurons in urethane-anesthetized male rats. Striatal neurons recorded were essentially quiescent and were therefore activated to fire by the iontophoretic administration of glutamate, pulsed in cycles of 30 sec on and 40 sec off. In this study, iontophoresis of 3-morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN 1), a nitric oxide donor, produced reproducible, current-dependent inhibition of glutamate-induced excitation in 12 of 15 striatal neurons, r…
Obeticholic acid for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: interim analysis from a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 tria…
2019
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Effects of scopolamine on dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra : role of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus
2009
Previous neurochemical and behavioral studies suggest that muscarinic receptor antagonism has an excitatory effect on the nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) system. Using in vivo extracellular single unit recording, this study examined whether blockade of the muscarinic receptor by scopolamine alters the firing properties of DA neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Scopolamine was administered either systemically or locally to DA neurons using microiontophoresis. Surprisingly, scopolamine did not cause any significant change in either the firing rate or pattern of the spontaneously active DA neurons. However, systemic injection of scopolamine significantly increased the number of active DA neurons…
The discharge of subthalamic neurons is modulated by inhibiting the nitric oxide synthase in the rat.
2005
The effects induced on the discharge of subthalamic spontaneously active neurons by inhibiting the enzyme nitric oxide synthase was studied in two groups of urethane-anesthetized rats. In the first group of animals (n = 10), the activity of subthalamic single units was recorded before and after the systemic administration of 7-nitro-indazole (7-NI, 50 mg/kg i.p.), a selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. In the second group of rats (n = 15), Nomega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), another inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, was iontophoretically administered while performing single unit extracellular recordings. The activity of most tested spontaneously discharging ne…
Controlled transdermal iontophoresis for poly-pharmacotherapy: Simultaneous delivery of granisetron, metoclopramide and dexamethasone sodium phosphat…
2015
Iontophoresis has been used to deliver small molecules, peptides and proteins into and across the skin. In principle, it provides a controlled, non-invasive method for poly-pharmacotherapy since it is possible to formulate and to deliver multiple therapeutic agents simultaneously from the anodal and cathodal compartments. The objective of this proof-of-principle study was to investigate the simultaneous anodal iontophoretic delivery of granisetron (GST) and metoclopramide (MCL) and cathodal iontophoresis of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DEX-P). In addition to validating the hypothesis, these are medications that are routinely used in combination to treat chemotherapy-induced emesis. Two p…