Search results for "IPM"
showing 10 items of 1361 documents
The storage ring magnet of the third muon (g-2) experiment at CERN
1978
The third ( g −2) experiment carried out at CERN required a storage ring magnet with a field as uniform as possible and known with an accuracy of a few parts per million over the whole storage region. Here we describe this magnet, which has a useful aperture of 120 mm horizontally and 80 mm vertically and a diameter of ∼14 m. The various field controls necessary are indicated, and the complex procedure adopted for the shimming work is described. The finally reached homogeneity of the field, averaged in azimuth, was 3 ppm. All the various error sources and field map corrections needed are analysed. Finally, the special aspects of the machine developed for the shimming are described.
The AX-PET demonstrator—Design, construction and characterization
2011
Abstract Axial PET is a novel geometrical concept for Positron Emission Tomography (PET), based on layers of long scintillating crystals axially aligned with the bore axis. The axial coordinate is obtained from arrays of wavelength shifting (WLS) plastic strips placed orthogonally to the crystals. This article describes the design, construction and performance evaluation of a demonstrator set-up which consists of two identical detector modules, used in coincidence. Each module comprises 48 LYSO crystals of 100 mm length and 156 WLS strips. Crystals and strips are readout by Geiger-mode Avalanche Photo Diodes (G-APDs). The signals from the two modules are processed by fully analog front-end …
SNR measurements of silicon photomultipliers in the continuous wave regime
2014
We report on our Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) measurements carried out, in the continuous wave regime, at different frequencies and at various temperatures, on a novel class of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) fabricated in planar technology on silicon p-type substrate. SNR of SiPMs is given by the ratio of the photogenerated current, filtered and averaged by a lock-in amplifier, and the Root Mean Square (RMS) deviation of the same current. In our measurements, we have employed a 10 Hz equivalent noise bandwidth, around the lock-in amplifier reference frequency. The measured noise takes into account the shot noise, resulting from the photocurrent and the dark current, while background light …
Magnetic dipole with a flexible tail as a self-propelling microdevice.
2012
By numerical simulations, it is illustrated that a magnetic dipole with a flexible tail behaves as a swimmer in AC magnetic fields. The behavior of the swimmer on long time scales is analyzed and it is shown that due to the flexibility of the tail two kinds of torques arise, the first is responsible for the orientation of the swimmer perpendicularly to the AC field and the second drags the filament in the direction of the rotating field. Due to this, circular trajectories of the swimmer are possible; however, these are unstable. The self-propulsion velocity of this swimmer is higher than the velocities of other magnetic microdevices for comparable values of the magnetoelastic number.
Monte Carlo dosimetry of the Buchler high dose rate 192Ir source.
2001
In this study a complete set of dosimetric data is presented for the high dose rate (HDR) source from Amersham used in the Buchler remote afterloading HDR unit. These data have been calculated by means of the Monte Carlo simulation code GEANT taking into account the detailed geometry of the source. Absolute dose rate distributions in water were calculated around this source and are presented as conventional 2D Cartesian look-up tables. All dosimetric quantities recommended by the AAPM Task Group 43 report have been calculated. Quantities determined are: dose rate constant, radial dose function, anisotropy function, anisotropy factor and anisotropy constant. The dose rate distributions of th…
Performance evaluation of a very high resolution small animal PET imager using silicon scatter detectors
2007
A very high resolution positron emission tomography (PET) scanner for small animal imaging based on the idea of inserting a ring of high-granularity solid-state detectors into a conventional PET scanner is under investigation. A particularly interesting configuration of this concept, which takes the form of a degenerate Compton camera, is shown capable of providing sub-millimeter resolution with good sensitivity. We present a Compton PET system and estimate its performance using a proof-of-concept prototype. A prototype single-slice imaging instrument was constructed with two silicon detectors 1 mm thick, each having 512 1.4 mm x 1.4 mm pads arranged in a 32 x 16 array. The silicon detector…
A 20-channel receive-only mouse array coil for a 3 T clinical MRI system
2011
A 20-channel phased-array coil for MRI of mice has been designed, constructed, and validated with bench measurements and high-resolution accelerated imaging. The technical challenges of designing a small, high density array have been overcome using individual small-diameter coil elements arranged on a cylinder in a hexagonal overlapping design with adjacent low impedance preamplifiers to further decouple the array elements. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and noise amplification in accelerated imaging were simulated and quantitatively evaluated in phantoms and in vivo mouse images. Comparison between the 20-channel mouse array and a length-matched quadrature driven small animal birdcage coil sh…
Through-focus response of multifocal intraocular lenses evaluated with a spatial light modulator
2012
A new testing technique based on the use of a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) is proposed to analyze the optical quality of multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs). Different vergences and decentrations of the incident beam can be programmed onto the SLM in order to record the point spread function (PSF) for different object positions. From these axial PSFs, the through-focus modulation transfer function is computed. Because there are no moving parts in the experimental setup, this method is fast and versatile to assess MIOLs. Experimental results confirm the potential of the proposed method.
Chlorinated and methylated dibenzothiophenes: Preparation of the model compounds and their analysis from some environmental samples
1990
Abstract Polychlorinated and polymethylated dibenzothiophenes if occuring in the environment can cause environmental hazards and problems like chlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans. Some chlorinated and methylated dibenzothiophenes have been synthesized to serve as model compounds in environmental and toxicological analysis. The synthesis mixtures and some environmental samples have been analyzed by high resolution GC/low resolution MS. This investigation showed that the concentrations of these compounds in environmental samples were below ppb level but it did not exclude the occurence of these compounds in our environment. More investigation is needed.
Reversible dehydration polymerization of terephthalate bridged [{Cu2(2,2′-bpy)2(tp)(H2O)3(NO3)}·H2O·NO3]2
2006
The title compound is the first example of a molecular magnet sponge, which exhibits a carboxylate-assisted unique reversible dehydrative polymerization–rehydrative monomerization phenomenon.