Search results for "Immune system"

Gene regulatory networks elucidating Huanglongbing disease mechanisms

2013

Next-generation sequencing was exploited to gain deeper insight into the response to infection by Candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (CaLas), especially the immune disregulation and metabolic dysfunction caused by source-sink disruption. Previous fruit transcriptome data were compared with additional RNA-Seq data in three tissues: immature fruit, and young and mature leaves. Four categories of orchard trees were studied: symptomatic, asymptomatic, apparently healthy, and healthy. Principal component analysis found distinct expression patterns between immature and mature fruits and leaf samples for all four categories of trees. A predicted protein - protein interaction network identified HLB-…

Complement activation and innate immunity

2007

Immunological Aspects of Von Hippel-Lindau Disease: A Focus on Neuro-Oncology and Myasthenia Gravis

2022

Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an autosomal dominant condition that predisposes affected individuals to a variety of malignant and benign neoplasms. The pathogenetic turning point of this illness is the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, a transcription factor of several genes involved in oncogenesis, angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, metabolic regulation, hematopoiesis, and inflammatory responses. From an oncological perspective, increased awareness of the molecular pathways underlying this disease is bringing us closer to the development of specific and targeted therapies. Meanwhile, on the surgical side, improved understanding can help to better identify the patients…

Resistin: Insulin resistance to malignancy

2014

Adipose tissue is recognized as an endocrine organ that secretes bioactive substances known as adipokines. Excess adipose tissue and adipose tissue dysfunction lead to dysregulated adipokine production that can contribute to the development of obesity-related co-morbidities. Among the various adipokines, resistin, which was initially considered as a determinant of the emergence of insulin resistance in obesity, has appeared as an important link between obesity and inflammatory processes. Several experimental and clinical studies have suggested an association between increased resistin levels and severe conditions associated with obesity such as cardiovascular disease and malignancies. In th…

Novel biosensor-based analytic device for the detection of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies.

2007

AbstractBackground: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop a wide variety of serologic manifestations, including double-stranded DNA autoantibodies (anti-dsDNA). The determination of the potentially pathogenic autoantibodies is diagnostically relevant.Methods: We developed a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor chip for studies of dsDNA and anti-dsDNA binding. A synthetic oligonucleotide was coupled to biotinylated human transferrin, hybridized with the complementary antistrand, and ligated with a human recombinant dsDNA fragment 233 bp in length. After surface immobilization of this antigenic construct, diluted sera from SLE patients and healthy donors were ana…

Novel Immunologic Approaches to Melanoma Treatment

2017

Approaches to treating melanoma have changed radically since the introduction of immunotherapy, and survival figures are now higher than possible with earlier therapies. The immunomodulators currently available mainly block CTLA-4 (cytotoxicT lymphocyte-associated molecule-4) and PD-1 (programed cell death protein 1) translocated to the cell surface, where they inhibit the antitumor immune response. Treatments blocking these molecules are being more widely used. Research now seeks new molecular targets, the best combinations of available drugs, and biomarkers that can identify ideal candidates for each one.

NFAT transcription factors in control of peripheral T cell tolerance.

2006

The Ca++-regulated calcineurin/NFAT cascade is one of the crucial signalling pathways that controls adaptive immunity. However, a number of novel experimental data suggest that, in addition to their role in T cell activation, NFATc transcription factors play also a decisive role in the generation of peripheral tolerance against self-antigens. This function of NFATc factors is mediated by controlling activation-induced cell death and clonal anergy of T helper cells and the activity of regulatory T cells. The multi-functional role of NFATc proteins characterize these transcription factors as key regulators of immunological tolerance and, if dysregulated, of development of autoimmune diseases.

Protein Corona Mediated Stealth Properties of Biocompatible Carbohydrate‐based Nanocarriers

2018

Epithelial NEMO links innate immunity to chronic intestinal inflammation

2007

Deregulation of intestinal immune responses seems to have a principal function in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(1-4). The gut epithelium is critically involved in the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis-acting as a physical barrier separating luminal bacteria and immune cells, and also expressing antimicrobial peptides(3,5,6). However, the molecular mechanisms that control this function of gut epithelial cells are poorly understood. Here we show that the transcription factor NF kappa B, a master regulator of pro-inflammatory responses(7,8), functions in gut epithelial cells to control epithelial integrity and the interaction between the mucosal immune system and gu…

Tolerance towards resident intestinal flora in mice is abrogated in experimental colitis and restored by treatment with interleukin-10 or antibodies …

1996

There is now increasing evidence that hyperresponsiveness towards intestinal flora is a crucial event in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In support of this hypothesis, we recently described in humans that tolerance exists towards indigenous intestinal flora but is broken in active IBD lesions. In the present study, we have attempted to transfer this model into mice from different genetic backgrounds (BALB/c, SJL/J, C3H/HeJ). We found that mononuclear cells from spleen, small bowel and large bowel of mice do not proliferate, i.e. are tolerant when exposed to bacterial sonicates derived from autologous intestine (BsA) but do proliferate, i.e. are immune when exposed to b…