Search results for "Immunity"

Side Effects of Ambient Noise Immunity Techniques on Outdoor IEEE 802.11 Deployments

2008

A very common conclusion of many experimental studies about IEEE 802.11 outdoor network deployments is that their poor performance results derive from the unfavorable interference and multi-path signals in which the WLAN-cards are required to operate. Goal of this paper is to show that this condition does not always hold, and unexpected and inaccurated PHY layer implementations can be a primary cause of packet losses. With the support of extensive measurement campaigns led in our campus, we provide the performance evidence that IEEE 802.11 outdoor performance impairments are strongly affected by proprietary interference mitigation techniques that adaptively adjust the WLAN-card receiver sen…

Regeneration After CNS Lesion: Help from the Immune System?

2010

Traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) is followed by an inflammatory response, which is characterized by at least two very distinct phases: First, a short highly controlled burst of acute inflammatory defense and second, a long-term remodeling phase. Similarly, at least one or two phases of T-cell infiltration have been described in CNS trauma models suggesting differential functions of T cells in the acute and remodeling phase. Thus, the role of T cells in CNS trauma is still controversial. Interestingly, vaccine strategies and injections of autoimmune T cells led to both exacerbation of CNS damage after trauma in some models and improvement in others. Here, we suggest that …

Hepatitic C virus infection and autoimmunity : clinical features, diagnostic tools and therapeutical aspects

1995

Summary Since the genom of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) was detected the pathogenesis of a distinct group of chronic liver disease and some non-hepatic disorders of sofar unknown origin could be newly established. A wide variety of clinical features including vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, porphyria and rheumatoid-like symptoms may become apparant separately or in combination. HCV can be precipitated in cryoglobulins and tissue-related HCV was found in liver and kidney specimen, for instance. HCV-related cryoglobulinemia or circulating immune complexes often occur with vasculitis. Hematological changes may be present such as thrombocytopenia. A considerable amount of patients show circulati…

Impact of DLI after In Vivo T-Cell-Depletion: Prophylactic CD8 Depleted or Preemptive CD3pos DLI?

2016

Abstract Introduction: The combination of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) with in vivo T-cell depletion by alemtuzumab prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has demonstrated efficient engraftment and reduced graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, this regimen is associated with slow lymphocyte recovery leading to a delayed anti-infectious and anti-malignant immunity. DLI can be used to improve immune reconstitution. Here we investigate on the impact of different DLI: prophylactic CD8-depleted DLI vs preemptive non-depleted DLI. Methods: 256 patients with different hematologic malignancies were planned for treatment with DLI after allogeneic HSCT following reduced …

Response to 'TH1 and TH2 cytokine control of thyrocyte survival in thyroid autoimmunity'

2001

Mirakian et al. question our recent results, which suggest that thyrocyte survival during thyroid autoimmunity depends on differential effects of TH1 and TH2 cytokines1. Thyrocyte destruction in autoimmune thyroiditis is a slow process that lasts several years. We hypothesized that in thyroid autoimmunity the balance between life and death in thyrocytes depends on the predominance over the time of TH2 and TH1 cytokines, whose action is not restricted to immune cells but involves direct modulation of key molecules responsible for survival or death of target cells1.

B cells assume the command

2015

A proinflammatory B cell cytokine activates autoimmunity, and B cell depletion treats multiple sclerosis (Li et al., this issue).

Calreticulin 3 gene polymorphism in celiac disease and effects of gluten on calreticulin localization and expression in epithelial cells in vitro

2008

Carbohydrates in plant immunity and plant protection: roles and potential application as foliar sprays.

2014

International audience; Increasing interest is devoted to carbohydrates for their roles in plant immunity. Some of them are elicitors of plant defenses whereas other ones act as signaling molecules in a manner similar to phytohormones. This review first describes the main classes of carbohydrates associated to plant immunity, their role and mode of action. More precisely, the state of the art about perception of "PAMP, MAMP, and DAMP (Pathogen-, Microbe-, Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns) type" oligosaccharides is presented and examples of induced defense events are provided. A particular attention is paid to the structure/activity relationships of these compounds. The role of sugars as…

Proteins of Human Cytomegalovirus that Elicit Humoral Immunity

1993

Several of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) genes encoding glycoproteins, structural proteins, and infected-cell proteins that elicit an immune response in human infection have been mapped. Human sera and monoclonal antibodies react with these viral polypeptides made as native molecules in CMV-infected cells, as genetically engineered proteins, as truncated derivatives expressed in eukaryotic cells, and as bacterial fusion proteins from portions of the reading frames cloned into prokaryotic expression vectors. Synthetic oligopeptides from immunodominant regions of these molecules have also been used as antibody targets. Studies on proteins encoded by reading frames UL55, UL32, and UL44, on glycopr…

Regulation of T-Cell Immune Responses by Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators

2021

Both the initiation and the resolution of inflammatory responses are governed by the sequential activation, migration, and control/suppression of immune cells at the site of injury. Bioactive lipids play a major role in the fine-tuning of this dynamic process in a timely manner. During inflammation and its resolution, polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and macrophages switch from producing pro-inflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes to specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs), namely, lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, which are operative at the local level to limit further inflammation and tissue injury and restore homeostasis. Accumulating evidences expand now the rol…