Search results for "Immunologic"

Expression of B-Cell Activating Factor Enhances Protective Immunity of a Vaccine against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2009

ABSTRACT B-cell activating factor (BAFF), a member of the TNF family, is a potent cytokine with stimulatory effects on B and T cells. To evaluate the potential of transient overexpression of BAFF to enhance vaccine immunogenicity, a replication-deficient adenovirus expressing full-length murine BAFF (AdBAFF) was tested in a mouse vaccine model against Pseudomonas aeruginosa . When coadministered with heat-killed P. aeruginosa , AdBAFF mediated a significant increase in anti- P. aeruginosa- specific serum and lung mucosal antibodies and resulted in improved protection against a lethal respiratory challenge with P. aeruginosa . This effect was independent of the site of administration of AdBA…

Tablet-based sublingual immunotherapy for respiratory allergy

2017

Allergic respiratory disease represents a significant and expanding health problem worldwide. The gold standard of therapeutic intervention is still grucocorticosteroids, although they are not effective in all patients and may cause side effects. Allergen Immunotherapy has been administrated as subcutaneous injections for treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma and has been practiced for the past century. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets are now available for grass- or ragweed-induced rhinoconjunctivitis and will be available in Spain for house dust mite (HDM)-induced rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma in the next months. In this review, new developments in the field of tabl…

Epithelial-mesenchymal communication in the pathogenesis of chronic asthma.

2005

Although Th-2-mediated inflammation is a key therapeutic target in asthma, its relationship to altered structure and functions of the airways is largely unknown. In addition to inflammation, asthma is a disorder involving the airway epithelium that is more vulnerable to environmental injury and responds to this by impaired healing. This establishes a chronic wound scenario that is capable of sustaining chronic inflammation as well as remodeling. This response occurs as a consequence of activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal unit, involving reciprocal activities of growth factors belonging to the fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and transforming growth factor-beta familie…

Antitumour activity of mononuclear phagocytes: role of tumour necrosis factor alpha.

1992

Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) is a cytokine produced by mononuclear phagocytes (MP) originally discovered for its cytotoxic activity on tumour cell targets. It was subsequently demonstrated that, in addition to its oncolytic potential, TNF exerts a wide variety of activities on the host defensive system against malignancies. This article briefly reviews the current concepts on the role of TNF in the antitumour activity of MP.

Knowledge Gaps and Research Priorities in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor–related Pneumonitis. An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement

2019

Rationale: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer care but are associated with unique adverse events, including potentially life-threatening pneumonitis. The diagnosis of ICI-pneumonitis is increasing; however, the biological mechanisms, clinical and radiologic features, and the diagnosis and management have not been well defined. Objectives: To summarize evidence, identify knowledge and research gaps, and prioritize topics and propose methods for future research on ICI-pneumonitis. Methods: A multidisciplinary group of international clinical researchers reviewed available data on ICI-pneumonitis to develop and refine research questions pertaining to ICI-pneumonitis.…

Allergological characterization of children treated with oral immunotherapy to egg

2018

Age does not affect the efficacy of anti-IL-5/IL-5R in severe asthmatics

2019

Background: Healthcare decisions made on the basis of insufficient evidence may potentially have ineffective or even harmful consequences. The proportion of older ages (over 65 years) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for severe asthma is not enough to establish whether anti-IL-5/IL-5R therapies are equally effective in the elderly as in younger subjects. Methods: In order to assess the relationship between age and the efficacy of anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibodies (mABs) with respect to the risk of exacerbations and changes in FEV1, a meta-regression analysis via random-effect method was carried out by plotting the effect estimates (outcome variables) resulting from the pairwise meta-ana…

Therapeutic effects of benralizumab assessed in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma: Real-life evaluation correlated with allergic and non-aller…

2021

Corrado Pelaia,1 Claudia Crimi,2 Alida Benfante,3 Maria Filomena Caiaffa,4 Cecilia Calabrese,5 Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano,6 Domenico Ciotta Jnr,7 Maria D’Amato,8 Luigi Macchia,9 Santi Nolasco,2 Girolamo Pelaia,1 Simona Pellegrino,7 Nicola Scichilone,3 Giulia Scioscia,10 Giuseppe Spadaro,11 Giuseppe Valenti,12 Alessandro Vatrella,7 Nunzio Crimi2 1Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy; 2Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; 3Department of Biomedicine and Internal and Specialistic Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 4Allergology and Clinical Immunol…

Severe asthma: One disease and multiple definitions

2021

Abstract Introduction There is, so far, no universal definition of severe asthma. This definition usually relies on: number of exacerbations, inhaled therapy, need for oral corticosteroids, and respiratory function. The use of such parameters varies in the different definitions used. Thus, according to the parameters chosen, each patient may result in having severe asthma or not. The aim of this study was to evaluate how the choice of a specific definition of severe asthma can change the allocation of patients. Methods Data collected from the Severe Asthma Network Italy (SANI) registry were analyzed. All the patients included were then reclassified according to the definitions of U-BIOPRED,…

ARIA‐EAACI care pathways for allergen immunotherapy in respiratory allergy

2021

Funding Information: BSreports personal fees from Allergopharma, during the conduct of the study; grants from National Health Programm, grant, personal fees from Polpharma, ASTRA, personal fees from Mylan, Adamed, patient ombudsman, national Centre for Research and Development, Polish Allergology Society. Funding Information: NGP reports personal fees from Novartis, Nutricia, HAL, MENARINI/FAES FARMA, SANOFI, MYLAN/MEDA, BIOMAY, AstraZeneca, GSK, MSD, ASIT BIOTECH, Boehringer Ingelheim, grants from Gerolymatos International SA, Capricare. Funding Information: CA reports grants from Allergopharma, grants from Idorsia, Swiss National Science Foundation, Christine Kühne‐Center for Allergy Rese…