Search results for "Indicators"
showing 10 items of 539 documents
Derivatization of hydroxyl functional groups for liquid chromatography and capillary electroseparation
2013
The derivatization reactions commonly used to enhance the analytical signal in the HPLC and CE determination of compounds with hydroxyl functional groups are revised. Focus is placed on the determination of compounds having aliphatic alcohols and phenols while lacking other reactive functional groups. The derivatization with acyl chlorides, organic anhydrides, isocyanates and a variety of other approaches, including oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols, sulfonation, esterification with carboxylic acids, and the use of azides, sulfonyl chlorides and other reagents having miscellaneous leaving groups, is covered. Reactions mainly addressed to introduce a chromophore or a fluorophore in…
Improved resolution power of electrophoretic fractionation of DNA using a voltage gradient up and down application
2004
The improved resolution power of electrophoretic fractionation of DNA in a wide range of molecular masses is demonstrated using an "up and down" application of voltage gradient gel electrophoresis (VGGE). This application also allows separation of different DNA fragments which are poorly fractionated in conventional electrophoresis.
Environmental Sustainability Approaches and Positive Energy Districts: A Literature Review
2021
During the last decade, increasing attention has been paid to the emerging concept of Positive Energy Districts (PED) with the aim of pushing the transition to clean energy, but further research efforts are needed to identify design approaches optimized from the point of view of sustainable development. In this context, this literature review is placed, with a specific focus on environmental sustainability within innovative and eco-sustainable districts. The findings show that some sustainability aspects such as sustainable food, urban heat islands mitigation and co-impacts, e.g., green gentrification, are not adequately assessed, while fragmented thinking limits the potential of circularit…
APPLICAZIONE DI CRITERI E INDICATORI DELLA CERTIFICAZIONE PEFC DI GESTIONE FORESTALE SOSTENIBILE: DUE CASI STUDIO A CONFRONTO NEL TERRITORIO SICILIANO
2018
Sicily currently has no forest areas with certification of sustainable forest management. This work analyzes the possibility of applying the criteria and indicators of PEFC certification of sustainable forest management in two study-cases: the municipal forest of Bivona (AG) and a forest area in the Madonie Mountains (PA). Both are representative of different and important Sicilian forest ecosystems. This analysis highlights the main weaknesses related to current forest management practices and the inadequate consultation with stakeholders.
Predicting risk and outcomes for frail older adults: an umbrella review of frailty screening tools
2017
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Background A scoping search identified systematic reviews on diagnostic accuracy and predictive ability of frailty measures in older adults. In most cases, research was confined to specific assessment measures related to a specific clinical model. Objectives To summarize the best available evidence from systematic reviews in relation to reliability, validity, diagnostic accuracy and predictive ability of frailty measures in older adults. Inclusion criteria Population Older adults aged 60 years or older recruited from community, primary care, long-term residential care and hospitals. Index test Available frailty measures in older adults. Reference test Cardiovascular Health…
American Heart Association’s Cardiovascular Health Metrics and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among a Middle-aged Male Scandinavian Populat…
2019
Background: The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prompted the American Heart Association to develop a cardiovascular health (CVH) metric as a measure to assess the cardiovascular status of the population. We aimed to assess the association between CVH scores and the risk of CVD mortality among a middle-aged Finnish population. Methods: We employed the prospective population-based Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease cohort study comprising of middle-aged men (42–60 years). CVH scores were computed among 2607 participants at baseline and categorized as optimum (0–4), average (5–9), or inadequate (10–14) CVH. Multivariate cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 9…
The activities and participation categories of the ICF Core Sets for multiple sclerosis from the patient perspective.
2013
Purpose: To validate the activities and participation components of The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 113 Finnish community-dwelling persons with MS were assessed using a semi-structured interview provided by the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to capture participants’ self-perceived problems in everyday activities and participation. Problems were linked to the ICF categories. Results: Participants identified 527 of the most important occupational performance problems. They covered all chapters of the ICF Activities and Participation components. Forty-one categories out of a total 53 ICF act…
Biological age, health, and health-risk indicators among 25-57-year-old men in two parts of Finland.
1975
Biological age, health and health-risk indicators were examined among 460 systematically chosen men, aged 25–57 years, in two parts of Finland. Morbidity rates and the prevalence of some health-risk indicators were higher and the standard of living lower in North Karelia than in South-West Finland. The index of biological age (IBA) did not show significant differences between the districts and did not correlate with health-risk indicators. People working in physically hard occupations (industrial and mining workers) were found to have more diseases and had higher IBA values than had workers in lighter occupations. The results suggest that both ageing and morbidity are regulated by occupati…
Combined associations of body weight and lifestyle factors with all cause and cause specific mortality in men and women: prospective cohort study
2016
Objective To evaluate the combined associations of diet, physical activity, moderate alcohol consumption, and smoking with body weight on risk of all cause and cause specific mortality. Design Longitudinal study with up to 32 years of follow-up. Setting Nurses’ Health Study (1980-2012) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2012). Participants 74 582 women from the Nurses’ Health Study and 39 284 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study who were free from cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline. Main outcome measures Exposures included body mass index (BMI), score on the alternate healthy eating index, level of physical activity, smoking habits, and alcohol drink…
Testing a new health indicator: using avoidable causes of death and life expectancy for Spain between 1975-1986.
1993
The concept of avoidable cause of death serves as the basis for measuring the quality and diversity of a health care system. In this study the authors propose a new way to use this kind of mortality by combining with the concept of life expectancy to obtain what they call "life expectancy free of avoidable mortality" (LEFAM). This indicator was 76.9 in 1986 in Spain while life expectancy was 75.83. If these deaths were avoidable there would be a gain of 1.09 years per person born. There is an important difference between the would-be male gain of 1.76 years and the would-be female gain of 0.6. In the ecological study, LEFAM would better explain the year to year changes of the resources in t…