Search results for "Influenza A Virus"
showing 10 items of 78 documents
Surveillance of hospitalised patients with influenza-like illness during pandemic influenza A(H1N1) season in Sicily, April 2009 - December 2010
2011
This paper describes the epidemiology of hospitalised cases with influenza-like illness (ILI) and laboratory- confirmed influenza A cases in Sicily (Italy) during the 2009 influenza pandemic. The first ILI case diagnosed as infected with pandemic influenza A(H1N1)2009 in Sicily was reported in June 2009 and it rapidly became the dominant circulating strain. In the period from 30 April 2009 through 31 December 2010, a total of 2,636 people in Sicily were hospitalised for ILI and 1,193 were laboratory-confirmed for influenza A. Basic demo- graphic and clinical information for all hospitalised patients was collected and population mortality rates (PMRs) and case fatality ratios (CFRs) were cal…
Tannins from Hamamelis virginiana Bark Extract: Characterization and Improvement of the Antiviral Efficacy against Influenza A Virus and Human Papill…
2014
Antiviral activity has been demonstrated for different tannin-rich plant extracts. Since tannins of different classes and molecular weights are often found together in plant extracts and may differ in their antiviral activity, we have compared the effect against influenza A virus (IAV) of Hamamelis virginiana L. bark extract, fractions enriched in tannins of different molecular weights and individual tannins of defined structures, including pseudotannins. We demonstrate antiviral activity of the bark extract against different IAV strains, including the recently emerged H7N9, and show for the first time that a tannin-rich extract inhibits human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 infection. As the …
Aetiology of community acquired pneumonia in Valencia, Spain: a multicentre prospective study.
1991
A year long multicentre prospective study was carried out in the Valencia region of Spain, to determine the cause of community acquired pneumonia. The study was based on 510 of 833 patients with pneumonia. Of these, 462 were admitted to hospital, where 31 patients died. A cause was established in only 281 cases--208 of bacterial, 60 of viral, and 13 of mixed infection. The most common microorganisms were Streptococcus pneumoniae (14.5%), Legionella sp (14%), Influenza virus (8%), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (4%). There was a higher incidence of Legionella sp than in other studies.
Becton Dickinson Directigen EZ Flu A+B assay in the diagnosis of pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 virus infection in adult patients
2011
To the editor: The recent emergence and spread of the pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 virus demands the evaluation of rapid antigen assays for their ability to detect this novel subtype of influenza A virus. Data on the ability of BD Directigen EZ Flu A+B immunochromatographic (IC) assay (Beckton Dickinson and Company, Sparks, MD, USA) to detect the pandemic influenza A virus strain in fresh clinical samples have been recently published. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 In these studies, the majority of specimens were collected from pediatric patients, and the sensitivities reported ranged from 46·8% to 76·6%. As viral shedding in the upper respiratory tract during influenza virus infection is of greater m…
Factors associated with influenza vaccination of hospitalized elderly patients in Spain
2016
Vaccination of the elderly is an important factor in limiting the impact of influenza in the com- munity. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with influenza vacci- nation coverage in hospitalized patients aged 65 years hospitalized due to causes unrelated to influenza in Spain. We carried out a cross-sectional study. Bivariate analysis was performed comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, taking in to account sociodemographic variables and medical risk conditions. Multivariate analysis was per- formed using multilevel regression models. We included 1038 patients: 602 (58%) had received the influenza vaccine in the 2013 - 14 season. Three or more general p…
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of several ring-contracted amantadine analogs
2008
Graphical abstract Several bisnoradamantylamines and noradamantylamines have been synthesized and their antiviral, trypanocidal, NMDA receptor antagonist, and dopamine reuptake inhibitory activities have been studied.
Pathogenic microorganisms carried by migratorybirds passing through the territory of the island ofUstica, Sicily (Italy)
2011
Several studies have shown that migratory birds play an important role in the ecology, circulation and dissemination of pathogenic organisms. In October 2006, a health status evaluation was performed on a large population of migratory birds passing through the territory of Ustica (Italy), an island located on the migration route of many species of birds to Africa, and various laboratory tests were conducted. In total, 218 faecal swabs and the internal organs of 21 subjects found dead in nets were collected for bacteriological and virological examination, including avian influenza and Newcastle disease. In addition, 19 pooled fresh faecal samples were collected for mycological examination. T…
Protective effect of adenylate deaminase (from Penicillium lanoso-viride) against acute infections in mice
1996
We examined the effects of the immunomodulator-adenylate deaminase (E.C. 3.5.4.6) from Penicillium lanoso-viride on experimental mice infections. Prophylactic intraperitoneal administration of adenylate deaminase (ADA) increased survival time and numbers of survivors after infection with Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and influenza A (H3N2) virus. Protection against influenza virus after intranasal ADA application was also observed. The influence of ADA was time and dose dependent. The most pronounced protection was obtained by administration of 3 U ADA/mice 24 h prior to infection. ADA had no antibiotic effect against these bacterial strains. Protective effects of ADA were …
Pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus in a swine farm house in Sicily, Italy.
2012
This report describes a pandemic A/H1N1 (H1N1 pdm) virus outbreak occurred in December, 2009 in a swine farm used as research facility (Istituto Mediterraneo Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione) for preclinical studies, located in Sicily, Italy. All the 13 pigs of the farm, showed cough, fever, inappetence and weakness. At the same time, an unvaccinated worker of the stabling showed influenza-like symptoms. RNAv extracted from two swabs collected from infected pigs resulted positive by Real Time RT-PCR for Influenza A virus. Furthermore, after growth on embryonated eggs, viral isolates were identified by Real Time RT-PCR specific for H1N1 pdm virus and characterized antigenically. …
A mid-term estimate of 2018/2019 vaccine effectiveness to prevent laboratory confirmed A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) influenza cases in Sicily (Italy)
2019
Abstract Influenza season started in Italy during the month of October 2018, approaching the epidemic peak in January 2019. This report aim to explore the mid-term virologic surveillance data of the 2018–2019 influenza season in Sicily and to estimate the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine (VE) against A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) influenza viruses. A test-negative design was used to evaluate influenza VE. In Sicily, almost all influenza infections were sustained by influenza type A viruses, of which 62.3% were A(H3N2) and 36.3% A(H1N1)pdm09. A reduction of laboratory confirmed influenza cases in Sicilian population immunized against influenza were observed. In particular, an overall s…