Search results for "Intention"

showing 10 items of 453 documents

Effects of Eradicating Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Patients With Cirrhosis Differ With Stage of Portal Hypertension.

2016

Clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) via antiviral treatment changes the course of liver disease. We evaluated the benefit of sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients with HCV and cirrhosis without (stage 1) and with (stage 2) esophageal varices (EV).We performed a prospective cohort study of 444 patients with HCV and compensated cirrhosis (218 with stage 1 and 226 with stage 2 disease) treated with peg-interferon and ribavirin from June 2001 through December 2009 at the University of Palermo, Italy and followed for a median of 7.6 years (range, 1-12.6 years). We used Cox regression analysis to identify variables associated with appearance or progression of EVs, development of hepatoc…

Liver CirrhosisMaleCirrhosisSustained Virologic ResponseHepacivirusEsophaguGastroenterologyPolyethylene GlycolsLiver diseasechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineEsophageal varicesProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyHazard ratioGastroenterologyvirus diseasesMiddle AgedPortal PressureHepatitis CRecombinant ProteinsIntention to Treat AnalysisItaly030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinoma030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemalemedicine.medical_specialtyInterferon alpha-2Lower riskEsophageal and Gastric VaricesAntiviral Agents03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineHypertension PortalRibavirinmedicineHumansAgedProportional Hazards ModelsHepatologybusiness.industryRibavirinBleedingInterferon-alphaLong-Term Outcomemedicine.diseasedigestive system diseaseschemistrybusinessFollow-Up StudiesGastroenterology
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Is recursion language-specific? Evidence of recursive mechanisms in the structure of intentional action

2014

In their 2002 seminal paper Hauser, Chomsky and Fitch hypothesize that recursion is the only human-specific and language-specific mechanism of the faculty of language. While debate focused primarily on the meaning of recursion in the hypothesis and on the human-specific and syntax-specific character of recursion, the present work focuses on the claim that recursion is language-specific. We argue that there are recursive structures in the domain of motor intentionality by way of extending John R. Searle's analysis of intentional action. We then discuss evidence from cognitive science and neuroscience supporting the claim that motor-intentional recursion is language-independent and suggest so…

LogicExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyIntentionMotor ActivityAction grammar Basal ganglia Causal self-referentiality Communicative intention Infinite generativity Intentional action Linguistic recursion Motor-intentional recursion Self-embeddingThinkingMeaning (philosophy of language)Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Recursion; Intentional action; Communicative intentionDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyIntentional actionHumansLanguageCommunicative intentionStructure (mathematical logic)RecursionEpistemologyTheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGESAction (philosophy)Embodied cognitionIntentionalityFalsifiabilityRecursionPsychologySettore M-FIL/06 - Storia Della FilosofiaMechanism (sociology)
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On-treatment serum albumin level can guide long-term treatment in patients with cirrhosis and uncomplicated ascites

2021

Background & Aims: The ANSWER study reported that long-term albumin administration in patients with cirrhosis and uncomplicated ascites improves survival. During treatment, serum albumin increased within a month and remained stable thereafter. In this post hoc analysis, we aimed to determine whether on-treatment serum albumin levels could guide therapy. Methods: Logistic regression was used to assess the association between baseline serum albumin and mortality, as well as to determine on-treatment factors associated with mortality and to predict the achievement of a given on-treatment serum albumin level. Survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates and second-order polynomial regres…

Male0301 basic medicineCirrhosisascites; complications; liver cirrhosis; serum albumin; survivalSerum albuminSurvival.Logistic regressionGastroenterologyBiomarkers PharmacologicalAscites; Cirrhosis; Complications; Serum albumin; Survivalascites0302 clinical medicineAscitesMedicinebiologyMiddle AgedIntention to Treat AnalysisTreatment OutcomeCirrhosisAsciteFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyDrug Monitoringmedicine.symptommedicine.medical_specialtycomplicationsSettore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIAliver cirrhosisSerum albuminSerum Albumin Humansurvival03 medical and health sciencesSerum albumin levelPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicinePost-hoc analysisHumansIn patientBiological ProductsCirrhosiHepatologybusiness.industryAlbuminmedicine.diseaseLong-Term CareSurvival Analysis030104 developmental biologybiology.proteinbusinessComplication
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Commercial versus technical cues to position a new product: Do hedonic and functional/healthy packages differ?

2017

Packaging attributes can be classified into two main blocks: visual/commercial attributes and informational/technical ones. In this framework, our objectives are: (i) to compare if both kinds of attributes lead to equal responses (consumers' attitudes improvement and product trial) and (ii) to compare if they work equally when a hedonic or a healthy new product is launched into the young market. An experimental design was defined to reach both objectives. Two packaging attributes were manipulated orthogonally to introduce greater variation in people's perceptions: a visual cue (the color) and an informative cue (the claim/label). A third variable was introduced: hedonic (candy bars) versus …

Male0301 basic medicineHealth (social science)media_common.quotation_subjectColorIntentionYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesHistory and Philosophy of ScienceProduct trialPerceptionProduct PackagingHumansProduct (category theory)Sensory cuemedia_common030109 nutrition & dieteticsConsumer Health Informationbusiness.industryAdvertisingConsumer BehaviorFoodNew product developmentPosition (finance)FemalePerceptionCuesPsychologybusinessSocial Science & Medicine
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Get some respect – buy organic foods! When everyday consumer choices serve as prosocial status signaling

2020

Status considerations have recently been linked to prosocial behaviors. This research shows that even everyday consumer behaviors such as favoring organic foods serve as prosocial status signaling. Key ideas from the continuum model of consumer impression formation and the theories of costly signaling and symbolic consumption are synthetized to make sense of this phenomenon. Two web-surveys (Ns = 187, 259) and a field study (N = 336) following experimental designs are conducted. This approach allows the analysis of both the more and less conscious reactions of consumers. Study 1 shows that the image of consumers favoring organic product versions is marked by characteristics consistent with …

Male0301 basic medicineHealth Knowledge Attitudes PracticeOrganic productCostly signalingprosocialityChoice BehaviorStatus0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesEmpirical evidenceSociocultural evolutionGeneral Psychology2. Zero hungerBRAND PERSONALITYNutrition and DieteticsOrganicTASTEluomutuotteetVALUESkuluttajakäyttäytyminenluomuruokaPsychological DistanceProsocial behavior5141 Sociology511 EconomicsFemaleFood OrganicPsychological TheoryPsychologySocial psychologyBEHAVIORAdultStatus symbolorganicMOTIVESGREENImpression formation030209 endocrinology & metabolismprososiaalisuussosiaalinen asemaFood Preferences03 medical and health sciencesimagoHumansProsocialitySocial BehaviorPRODUCT EVALUATIONstatusConsumption (economics)030109 nutrition & dieteticsfoodconsumer imagecostly signalingCONSUMPTIONConsumer BehaviorAltruism416 Food ScienceImpression managementFoodIMPRESSION MANAGEMENTPerceptionConsumer imagePURCHASE INTENTION
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The Father in Youth Baseball: A Self-Determination Theory Approach

2021

This study based on the self-determination theory aims to examine the relationship among the aspirations that fathers have about their children’s youth baseball practice, the children’s basic psychological needs (satisfaction and frustration), and their intentions to either continue or drop out of baseball practice in a sample of children from Hermosillo, Mexico. A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 533 fathers (M = 44.30, SD = 5.18) and 533 children (M = 13.09, SD = 1.68). The results showed that the intrinsic aspirations of fathers were positively correlated to the satisfaction of the children’s psychological needs, whereas the extrinsic aspirations of fathers were positively…

MaleAdolescentHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesisself-determination theory050109 social psychologyContext (language use)Sample (statistics)BaseballArticleDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesFathers0302 clinical medicineyouth baseballDrop outself-determination theory; basic psychological needs; life aspirations; intentions; youth baseballHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesChildMexicoSelf-determination theoryDropout (neural networks)life aspirations05 social sciencesPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthR030229 sport sciencesCross-Sectional StudiesPersonal Autonomybasic psychological needsMedicineintentionsPsychologyInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2022

Correction to Lancet Public Health 2022; 7: e657-69. Lancet Public Health. 2022 Dec;7(12):e992. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00294-8. PMID: 36462522. Background: Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10-24 years during the past three decades. Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2019 Study, we analysed mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to transport and unintentional injuries for adolescents in 204 countries. Burden is reported in absolut…

MaleAdolescentRJ101AdolescentsGlobal Burden of DiseaseLife ExpectancyRJ101 Child Health. Child health servicesSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingRA0421Risk FactorsRA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive MedicineHumansMortalityChildrenInterventionsMCCUnintentional injuriesPreventionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Health3rd-DASGBD 2019 Adolescent Transport and Unintentional Injuries Collaborators3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational healthAdolescent transportPreventable causesHealthFemaleQuality-Adjusted Life YearsInvestmentMorbidityAdolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019The Lancet Public Health
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The process by which perceived autonomy support predicts motivation, intention, and behavior for seasonal influenza prevention in Hong Kong older adu…

2017

Background: This study examined the effectiveness of a theoretical framework that integrates self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in explaining the use of facemasks to prevent seasonal influenza among Hong Kong older adults. Methods: Data were collected at two time points in the winter in Hong Kong, during which influenza is most prevalent. At Time 1, older adults (N = 141) completed self-report measures of SDT (perceived autonomy support from senior center staff, autonomous motivation for influenza prevention) and TPB (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention for influenza prevention) constructs with respect to facemask used…

MaleAgingHealth BehaviorvanhuksetIntentionDevelopmental psychology0302 clinical medicineinfluenssaElderlyFacemask wearingEpidemiology80 and over030212 general & internal medicinePath analysis (statistics)Practicelcsh:Public aspects of medicineHealth KnowledgeTheory of planned behaviorMasksMiddle AgedSelf-determination theoryTheory of planned behaviorInfectious DiseasesPneumonia & InfluenzaPublic Health and Health ServicesInfectious diseasesHong KongFemaleSeasonsPublic Health0305 other medical sciencePsychological TheoryInfectionikääntyneetResearch ArticleHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyMediation (statistics)and overinfektiot03 medical and health sciencesClinical ResearchInfluenza preventionBehavioral and Social SciencemedicineHumansSelf-determination theoryinfektiotauditAgedMotivation030505 public healthbusiness.industryPublic healthPreventionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthlcsh:RA1-1270InfluenzaEmerging Infectious DiseasesAttitudeSenior CentersAttitudesPersonal AutonomyPerceptionSelf ReportBiostatisticsbusiness
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Obeticholic acid for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: interim analysis from a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 tria…

2019

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

MaleBiopsyClinical Trial Phase IIIAdministration Oral030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyChronic liver diseaseSettore MED/04Biomarkers/analysisGastroenterologychemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicine/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/pubmedpublicationtype/D013485Liver Function TestsNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseClinical endpointMedicine030212 general & internal medicine610 Medicine & healthChenodeoxycholic Acid/administration & dosageeducation.field_of_studyLiver Function TestResearch Support Non-U.S. Gov'tFatty liverObeticholic acidNASH OBETICHOLIC ACIDGeneral Medicine/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/pubmedpublicationtype/D052061Middle AgedMulticenter Study/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/pubmedpublicationtype/D016448Randomized Controlled TrialAdministrationFemale/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/pubmedpublicationtype/D016449Administration Oral; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Chenodeoxycholic Acid; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Liver Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseHumanOralmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationPlaceboChenodeoxycholic Acid03 medical and health sciencesResearch Support N.I.H. ExtramuralDouble-Blind MethodInternal medicineJournal ArticleHumans/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/pubmedpublicationtype/D017428educationIntention-to-treat analysisbusiness.industryBiomarkerInterim analysismedicine.diseaseNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/drug therapychemistryHuman medicine/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/pubmedpublicationtype/D016428businessBiomarkersAdministration; Oral; Biomarkers; Biopsy; Chenodeoxycholic Acid; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Liver Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Predicting intention to participate in self-management behaviors in patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A cross-national study.

2019

Rationale. Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic condition that predisposes patients to substantially increased risk of early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. FH risks can be minimized through regular participation in three self-management. Behaviors. physical activity, healthy eating, and taking cholesterol lowering medication. Objective. The present study tested the effectiveness of an integrated social cognition model in predicting intention to participate in the self-management behaviors in FH patients from seven countries. Method. Consecutive patients in FH clinics from Australia, Hong Kong, Brazil, Malaysia, Taiwan, China, and UK (total N = 726) completed measur…

MaleChinaEconomicsCommon sense modelTaiwanIntentionCardiovascularBasic Behavioral and Social ScienceMedical and Health SciencesHyperlipoproteinemia Type II7.1 Individual care needsClinical ResearchSurveys and QuestionnairesBehavioral and Social ScienceHumansperinnölliset tauditPracticePreventionHealth KnowledgeSelf-Managementsosiaalinen kognitioMalaysiaAustraliaAtherosclerosisUnited KingdomTheory of planned behaviorCross-Sectional StudiesHyperlipidaemiaStudies in Human SocietyterveyskäyttäytyminenAttitudesHong KongFemaleManagement of diseases and conditionsTheoretical integrationPublic HealthPatient ParticipationIllness perceptionsTheories of social cognitionhyperkolesterolemiaBrazil
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