Search results for "Interconnect"
showing 10 items of 128 documents
Primary Frequency Control in the Power System of Continental Europe including the Dynamics of the HVDC Link France-Great Britain
2020
The paper presents a study of primary frequency control within the power system of Continental Europe (CE) including the dynamics of the high voltage direct current (HVDC) link between France and Great Britain (GB). The large-scale dynamic model of the CE system originally provided by ENTSO-E is extended with a more detailed representation of the whole HVDC interconnection. The dynamics of the GB synchronous area is also considered in the analysis, implementing a system equivalent suitable for primary frequency control studies. The opportunity of frequency containment reserve exchange between the two areas through the link is also investigated, considering supplementary frequency controls w…
Cost-Effective Congestion Management for Interconnection Networks Using Distributed Deterministic Routing
2010
The Interconnection networks are essential elements in current computing systems. For this reason, achieving the best network performance, even in congestion situations, has been a primary goal in recent years. In that sense, there exist several techniques focused on eliminating the main negative effect of congestion: the Head of Line (HOL) blocking. One of the most successful HOL blocking elimination techniques is RECN, which can be applied in source routing networks. FBICM follows the same approach as RECN, but it has been developed for distributed deterministic routing networks. Although FBICM effectively eliminates HOL blocking, it requires too much resources to be implemented. In this …
CHAPTER 6 Development of SOFC Interconnect Stainless Steels
2020
The chapter introduces components and working principle of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). It is followed by the explanation on the choices of materials focussing on ferritic stainless steels. The review is further made on the required properties of these steels, i.e. low oxidation rate, low chromium species volatilisation rate, high electrical conductivity and good scale adhesion. For the oxidation aspect, the behaviour of stainless steel interconnect in cathode, anode (hydrogen and biogas), and dual atmospheres are described. Surface modification by pre-oxidation and coatings to improve the oxide electrical conductivity and to reduce chromium species volatilisation is finally reviewed.
Analysis of different Sleeve Ferrite Cores Performance according to their Dimensions
2019
Sleeve ferrite core is an EMI suppressor widely used to reduce the conductive and radiated electromagnetic noise in cables. The interconnection of different electronic systems through cables is becoming more difficult due to the hard restrictions related to EMC compliance requirements. Thereby, the research of new solutions able to provide a great attenuation ratio in a wide frequency band is a challenge. This contribution focuses on analyzing and comparing the performance of a novel sleeve ferrite solution based on a nanocrystalline (NC) structure with several materials with different compositions. This component is able to provide a high initial permeability value at the same time that ma…
Interface reactivity study between La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) cathode material and metallic interconnect for fuel cell
2011
Abstract Interface reactivity between La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) cathode material and metallic interconnect (Crofer22APU) was investigated in laboratory air at 700 °C. Due to the interconnect geometry, two interfaces have been analysed: (i) interconnect rib/cathode interface (physically in contact); (ii) the interface under the channel of interconnect. In both cases, formation of a parasite phase was observed after various ageing treatments (20 h, 100 h and 200 h). However, the growth of the determined SrCrO4 parasite phase depends on interface type and on ageing time. Two different mechanisms have been established in function of interface type: (i) SrCrO4 phase was formed after solid …
Energetic macroscopic representation and inversion based control of fuel cell in a series hybrid race vehicle system
2020
This paper studies the replacement of engine and generator as range extender in a hybrid racing car with a fuel cell system. A model of the original system of the car using range extender consisting of an internal combustion engine and electric generator has been developed respecting the action-reaction principle used by energetic macroscopic representation (EMR) and its inversion based control (IBC) to organise its subsystems interconnection according to the physical causality. Results from drive tests of the real car on racing circuit are used to validate the model. The objective of this paper is to study the parameterisation and the integration of fuel cell stack components based on this…
VEF Traces: A Framework for Modelling MPI Traffic in Interconnection Network Simulators
2015
Simulation is often used to evaluate the behaviour and measure the performance of computing systems. Specifically, in high-performance interconnection networks, the simulation has been extensively considered to verify the behaviour of the network itself and to evaluate its performance. In this context, network simulation must be fed with network traffic, also referred to as network workload, whose nature has been traditionally synthetic. These workloads can be used for the purpose of driving studies on network performance, but often such workloads are not accurate enough if a realistic evaluation is pursued. For this reason, other non-synthetic workloads have gained popularity over last dec…
Evaluation of an Alternative for Increasing Switch Radix
2011
In large switch-based interconnection networks, increasing the switch radix results in a decrease in the total number of network components. In this paper we evaluate an interesting strategy for building high-radix switches going beyond the integration scale bounds. This approach is independent of the evolution of single-chip switches and will remain valid as integration scale keeps evolving. Simulation results show that with a correct internal switch design, this kind of switches achieves almost the same performance as single-chip switches with the same radix, which would be unfeasible with current integration scale.
SimuRed: A flit-level event-driven simulator for multicomputer network performance evaluation
2009
The interconnection network is one of the most important multicomputer components, since it has a great impact on global system performance. Many models and simulators have been proposed to evaluate network performance. This paper presents SimuRed, an event-driven flit-level, cycle-accurate simulator to evaluate different orthogonal network configurations. The core of the simulator has been designed to be expandable and portable to different situations. Some of the advantages of this simulator over other similar tools are its visual interface, its fast execution and its simplicity. Moreover, it is multiplatform and its source code versions (C++ and Java) are freely available under GNU open-…
Efficient Switches with QoS Support for Clusters
2007
Current interconnect standards providing hardware support for quality of service (QoS) consider up to 16 virtual channels (VCs) for this purpose. However, most implementations do not offer so many VCs because they increase the complexity of the switch and the scheduling delays. We have shown that this number of VCs can be significantly reduced, because it is enough to use two VCs for QoS purposes at each switch port. In this paper, we cover the weaknesses of that proposal and, not only we reduce VCs, but we also improve performance due to the flexibility assigning buffer memory.