Search results for "Inverse problem"

showing 10 items of 163 documents

Coherent Quantum Tomography

2016

We discuss a quantum mechanical indirect measurement method to recover a position dependent Hamilton matrix from time evolution of coherent quantum mechanical states through an object. A mathematical formulation of this inverse problem leads to weighted X-ray transforms where the weight is a matrix. We show that such X-ray transforms are injective with very rough weights. Consequently, we can solve our quantum mechanical inverse problem in several settings, but many physically relevant problems we pose also remain open. We discuss the physical background of the proposed imaging method in detail. We give a rigorous mathematical treatment of a neutrino tomography method that has been previous…

FOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesMatrix (mathematics)neutrino physics0103 physical sciencesClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsStatistical physics0101 mathematics010306 general physicsQuantumMathematical PhysicsMathematicsQuantum Physicsinverse problemsgeophysicsApplied Mathematicsta111quantum mechanics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisTime evolutionweighted ray transformsMathematical Physics (math-ph)81Q99 81V99 86A22 44A12Inverse problemQuantum tomographyInjective functionComputational MathematicsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsTomographyNeutrinoQuantum Physics (quant-ph)AnalysisSIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis
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Unique continuation of the normal operator of the x-ray transform and applications in geophysics

2020

We show that the normal operator of the X-ray transform in $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\geq 2$, has a unique continuation property in the class of compactly supported distributions. This immediately implies uniqueness for the X-ray tomography problem with partial data and generalizes some earlier results to higher dimensions. Our proof also gives a unique continuation property for certain Riesz potentials in the space of rapidly decreasing distributions. We present applications to local and global seismology. These include linearized travel time tomography with half-local data and global tomography based on shear wave splitting in a weakly anisotropic elastic medium.

FOS: Physical sciencesx-ray transformSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesTheoretical Computer SciencePhysics - GeophysicsContinuationtomografiaClassical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsNormal operatorUniqueness0101 mathematicsAnisotropyMathematical PhysicsMathematicsX-ray transformgeophysicsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisgeofysiikkaShear wave splittingInverse problemFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)Computer Science ApplicationsMathematics - Functional Analysis010101 applied mathematicsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsSignal ProcessingInverse Problems
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Multi-frequency orthogonality sampling for inverse obstacle scattering problems

2011

We discuss a simple non-iterative method to reconstruct the support of a collection of obstacles from the measurements of far-field patterns of acoustic or electromagnetic waves corresponding to plane-wave incident fields with one or few incident directions at several frequencies. The method is a variant of the orthogonality sampling algorithm recently studied by Potthast (2010 Inverse Problems 26 074015). Our theoretical analysis of the algorithm relies on an asymptotic expansion of the far-field pattern of the scattered field as the size of the scatterers tends to zero with respect to the wavelength of the incident field that holds not only at a single frequency, but also across appropria…

Field (physics)Applied MathematicsMathematical analysisInverseSampling (statistics)Inverse problemElectromagnetic radiationComputer Science ApplicationsTheoretical Computer ScienceWavelengthOrthogonalitySignal ProcessingAsymptotic expansionMathematical PhysicsMathematicsInverse Problems
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The effect of vertical ground movement on masonry walls simulated through an elastic–plastic interphase meso-model: a case study

2019

The present paper proposes an interphase model for the simulation of damage propagation in masonry walls in the framework of a mesoscopic approach. The model is thermodynamically consistent, with constitutive relations derived from a Helmholtz free potential energy. With respect to classic interface elements, the internal stress contribute is added to the contact stresses. It is considered that damage, in the form of loss of adhesion or cohesion, can potentially take place at each of the two blocks–mortar physical interfaces. Flow rules are obtained in the framework of the Theory of Plasticity, considering bilinear domains of ‘Coulomb with tension cut-off’ type. The model aims to be a first…

Finite elementsConstitutive equation02 engineering and technologyPlasticity01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeFinite element0203 mechanical engineering0103 physical sciencesMasonry010301 acousticsbusiness.industryTension (physics)Mechanical EngineeringStructural engineeringMasonryInverse problemQuadrature (mathematics)Interphase model020303 mechanical engineering & transportsFoundation settlementHelmholtz free energysymbolsCohesion (chemistry)Ground movementSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzionibusinessGeologyArchive of Applied Mechanics
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Determination of relaxation and retardation spectrum by inverse functional filtering

2010

Abstract The article is devoted for the determination of the relaxation and retardation spectrum (RRS) from monotonic time- and frequency-domain material functions by the inverse functional filters executing discrete convolution algorithms for geometrically spaced data. It is shown that the problem of RRS determination from a wide variety of material functions leads to the three inverse filtering tasks on a logarithmic time or frequency scale with the three specific frequency responses concerning: (i) the time-domain functions, (ii) the real parts and (iii) the imaginary parts of the frequency-domain functions, and three algorithms (having the versions with even and odd number of coefficien…

Frequency responseLogarithmApplied MathematicsMechanical EngineeringGeneral Chemical EngineeringInverse filterInverseMonotonic functionInverse problemCondensed Matter PhysicsIntegral transformGeneral Materials SciencePoint estimationAlgorithmMathematicsJournal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics
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Inverse Problems Light: Numerical Differentiation

2001

(2001). Inverse Problems Light: Numerical Differentiation. The American Mathematical Monthly: Vol. 108, No. 6, pp. 512-521.

General Mathematics010102 general mathematics0103 physical sciencesNumerical differentiationApplied mathematics010307 mathematical physics0101 mathematicsInverse problem01 natural sciencesMathematicsThe American Mathematical Monthly
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Recovery of time-dependent coefficients from boundary data for hyperbolic equations

2019

We study uniqueness of the recovery of a time-dependent magnetic vector-valued potential and an electric scalar-valued potential on a Riemannian manifold from the knowledge of the Dirichlet to Neumann map of a hyperbolic equation. The Cauchy data is observed on time-like parts of the space-time boundary and uniqueness is proved up to the natural gauge for the problem. The proof is based on Gaussian beams and inversion of the light ray transform on Lorentzian manifolds under the assumptions that the Lorentzian manifold is a product of a Riemannian manifold with a time interval and that the geodesic ray transform is invertible on the Riemannian manifold.

GeodesicDirichlet-to-Neumann maplight ray transformmagnetic potentialBoundary (topology)CALDERON PROBLEM01 natural sciencesGaussian beamMathematics - Analysis of PDEsFOS: Mathematics111 Mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Uniqueness0101 mathematicsMathematics::Symplectic GeometryMathematical PhysicsMathematicsX-ray transformSTABILITYinverse problemsMathematical analysisStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsRiemannian manifoldX-RAY TRANSFORMWave equationMathematics::Geometric TopologyManifoldTENSOR-FIELDS010101 applied mathematicsUNIQUE CONTINUATIONGeometry and TopologyMathematics::Differential GeometryWAVE-EQUATIONSHyperbolic partial differential equationAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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Tensor tomography in periodic slabs

2018

Abstract The X-ray transform on the periodic slab [ 0 , 1 ] × T n , n ≥ 0 , has a non-trivial kernel due to the symmetry of the manifold and presence of trapped geodesics. For tensor fields gauge freedom increases the kernel further, and the X-ray transform is not solenoidally injective unless n = 0 . We characterize the kernel of the geodesic X-ray transform for L 2 -regular m -tensors for any m ≥ 0 . The characterization extends to more general manifolds, twisted slabs, including the Mobius strip as the simplest example.

Geodesicx-ray examinationslab geometrytomography01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmatTensor fieldsymbols.namesaketomografiaMöbius stripTensor0101 mathematicsMathematical physicsMathematicsinverse problems010102 general mathematicsta111röntgentutkimusSymmetry (physics)Injective functionManifold010101 applied mathematicsKernel (algebra)symbolstensor tomographyX-ray tomographyAnalysisJournal of Functional Analysis
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The Factorization Method for Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Half-Space

2008

We consider the inverse problem of electrical impedance tomography in a conducting half-space, given electrostatic measurements on its boundary, i.e., a hyperplane. We first provide a rigorous weak analysis of the corresponding forward problem and then develop a numerical algorithm to solve an associated inverse problem. This inverse problem consists of the reconstruction of certain inclusions within the half-space which have a different conductivity than the background. To solve the inverse problem we employ the so-called factorization method of Kirsch, which so far has only been considered for the impedance tomography problem in bounded domains. Our analysis of the forward problem makes u…

Harmonic functionPlane (geometry)Applied MathematicsBounded functionInverse scattering problemMathematical analysisFunction (mathematics)Half-spaceInverse problemElectrical impedance tomographyMathematicsSIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics
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Dimension bounds in monotonicity methods for the Helmholtz equation

2019

The article [B. Harrach, V. Pohjola, and M. Salo, Anal. PDE] established a monotonicity inequality for the Helmholtz equation and presented applications to shape detection and local uniqueness in inverse boundary problems. The monotonicity inequality states that if two scattering coefficients satisfy $q_1 \leq q_2$, then the corresponding Neumann-to-Dirichlet operators satisfy $\Lambda(q_1) \leq \Lambda(q_2)$ up to a finite-dimensional subspace. Here we improve the bounds for the dimension of this space. In particular, if $q_1$ and $q_2$ have the same number of positive Neumann eigenvalues, then the finite-dimensional space is trivial. peerReviewed

Helmholtz equationMathematics::Number Theorymontonicity methodMonotonic function01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmatMathematics::Numerical AnalysisMathematics - Spectral TheoryMathematics - Analysis of PDEsDimension (vector space)FOS: MathematicsHelmholtz equationUniqueness0101 mathematicsSpectral Theory (math.SP)Mathematicsinverse problemsApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisInverse problemMathematics::Spectral Theory010101 applied mathematicsComputational MathematicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems35R30AnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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