Search results for "Inverse"

showing 10 items of 630 documents

Optimal Robust Quantum Control by Inverse Geometric Optimization

2020

International audience; We develop an inverse geometric optimization technique that allows the derivation of optimal and robust exact solutions of low-dimension quantum control problems driven by external fields: we determine in the dynamical variable space optimal trajectories constrained to robust solutions by Euler-Lagrange optimization; the control fields are then derived from the obtained robust geodesics and the inverted dynamical equations. We apply this method, referred to as robust inverse optimization (RIO), to design optimal control fields producing a complete or half population transfer and a NOT quantum gate robust with respect to the pulse inhomogeneities. The method is versat…

[PHYS]Physics [physics][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Dynamical decouplingGeodesicComputer scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyInverseSpace (mathematics)Optimal control01 natural sciencesQuantum gate[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]0103 physical sciencesApplied mathematics010306 general physicsEquations for a falling bodyVariable (mathematics)Physical Review Letters
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Modular Assembly of Multimodal Imaging Agents through an Inverse Electron Demand Diels–Alder Reaction

2019

International audience; The combination of two imaging probes on a same biomolecule gives access to targeted bimodal imaging agents that can provide more accurate diagnosis, complementary information, or that may be used in different applications, such as PET imaging and fluorescence imagingassisted surgery. In this study, we demonstrate that dichlorotetrazine, a small, commercially available compound, can be used as a modular platform to easily assemble various imaging probes. Doubly-labeled tetrazines can then be conjugated to a protein through a biorthogonal IEDDA reaction. A series of difunctionalized tetrazine compounds containing various chelating agents and fluorescent dyes was synth…

[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/ImagingTetrazineBiomedical EngineeringContrast MediaPharmaceutical SciencebimodalBioengineeringNanotechnology02 engineering and technology[CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal ChemistryMultimodal ImagingProof of Concept Study01 natural sciencesMiceAnimalsHumansInverse electron-demand Diels–Alder reactionFluorescent DyesPharmacologyMultimodal imagingchemistry.chemical_classificationCycloaddition Reaction010405 organic chemistryChemistrybusiness.industryBiomoleculeOrganic ChemistryModular design021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencestrastuzumabProof of conceptSPECT-CTSite-specificfluorescence0210 nano-technologybusinessBiotechnology
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Inverse gas chromatography study of acid-base properties of cation resin used as catalysts of Bisphenol A synthesis

2001

The inverse gas chromatography method have been used for estimation of relative number of acid and base active centres for two type cation exchangers that are used as catalysts of Bisphenol A industrial synthesis. It was stated that after a few weeks of the continuous work of reactors filled with the catalysts, the acid-base properties of the latter have undergone significant changes. The number of acid centres decreased while the number of base centres increased. Simultaneously, the decreased of the yield of the synthesis product was observed.

acid-base interactionsBisphenol Acatalysisinverse gas chromatographycation resinioniteChemia Analityczna
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Identifiability problem for recovering the mortality rate in an age-structured population dynamics model

2014

In this article is studied the identifiability of the age-dependent mortality rate of the Von Foerster–Mc Kendrick model, from the observation of a given age group of the population. In the case where there is no renewal for the population, translated by an additional homogeneous boundary condition to the Von Foerster equation, we give a necessary and sufficient condition on the initial density that ensures the mortality rate identifiability. In the inhomogeneous case, modelled by a non-local boundary condition, we make explicit a sufficient condition for the identifiability property, and give a condition for which the identifiability problem is ill-posed. We illustrate this latter case wit…

age-structured modelAge structurePopulation35Q92 35R30 92D25 93B3001 natural sciencestransport PDE[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Statisticspopulation dynamicsApplied mathematicsQuantitative Biology::Populations and Evolution[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Boundary value problem0101 mathematicseducationMathematicseducation.field_of_studyParameter identifiabilityApplied MathematicsMortality rate010102 general mathematicsGeneral EngineeringInverse problemComputer Science Applications010101 applied mathematicsnon-local boundary conditionHomogeneousIdentifiability
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Tuning the Basicity of Synergic Bimetallic Reagents: Switching the Regioselectivity of the Direct Dimetalation of Toluene from 2,5‐ to 3,5‐Positions

2008

Meta-meta metalation: Remarkably, toluene can be directly dimanganated or dimagnesiated at the 3,5-positions using bimetallic bases with active Me3SiCH2 ligands (see scheme, blue). In contrast, n-butyl ligands lead to 2,5-metalation (red). tmp=2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide.

alkali metalsMetalationInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementManganesemetalationmagnesium010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundinverse crown compoundsBimetallic strip010405 organic chemistryRegioselectivityGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineAlkali metalCombinatorial chemistryTolueneCommunications3. Good health0104 chemical scienceschemistryReagentmanganeseAngewandte Chemie
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Direct C-H metalation with chromium(ii) and iron(ii): transition- metal host/benzenediide guest magnetic inverse-crown complexes

2009

Check M(etal)ate: The chessboard and the figures represent a special reaction in which different low-polarity metals can metalate arenes directly when they are brought into the right position. In a combination of queen (sodium) and knight (chromium or iron), it is possible for the knight (usually the weaker piece) to make a direct deadly hit on the king (benzene) in this game of elemental chess. Fil: Alborés, Pablo. Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Carrella, Luca M.. Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz; Alemania Fil: Clegg, William. University of Newcastle; Reino Unido Fil: García Álvarez, Pablo. Univ…

alkali metalsMetalationchemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyALKALI METALSmetalationCatalysisQueen (playing card)Chromiumchemistry.chemical_compoundironTransition metalCHROMIUMinverse crown compoundsBenzeneIRONOtras Ciencias QuímicasCiencias QuímicasGeneral ChemistryAlkali metalCommunicationsCrystallographychemistrychromiumINVERSE CROWN COMPOUNDSCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
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Borexino’s search for low-energy neutrino and antineutrino signals correlated with gamma-ray bursts

2017

International audience; A search for neutrino and antineutrino events correlated with 2350 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is performed with Borexino data collected between December 2007 and November 2015. No statistically significant excess over background is observed. We look for electron antineutrinos ( ν¯e ) that inverse beta decay on protons with energies from 1.8  MeV to 15  MeV and set the best limit on the neutrino fluence from GRBs below 8  MeV. The signals from neutrinos and antineutrinos from GRBs that scatter on electrons are also searched for, a detection channel made possible by the particularly radio-pure scintillator of Borexino. We obtain currently the best limits on the neutrino f…

antineutrinoselectronAntineutrinosneutrino: solarPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsdata acquisitionSolar neutrino[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenalow energy/MeV neutrinosElectrongamma ray: burst01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsLow energy/MeV neutrino0103 physical sciencesNeutrinoLow energy/MeV neutrinosNeutrinosNuclear Experiment010303 astronomy & astrophysicsGamma-ray burstBorexinoscintillation counterPhysicsflavor010308 nuclear & particles physicsbackgroundgamma-ray burstsneutrinosAntineutrinos; Gamma-ray bursts; Low energy/MeV neutrinos; Neutrinos; Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and Astrophysicssemileptonic decayantineutrinocorrelation: timeNeutrino detectorInverse beta decayddc:540Scintillation counterreadoutHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBorexinoGamma-ray burstsNeutrinoGamma-ray burst[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Le score de propension : un guide méthodologique pour les recherches expérimentales et quasi expérimentales en éducation

2016

La méthode du score de propension devient de plus en plus populaire pour estimer les effets causaux d’un programme d’intervention. Si les applications empiriques de cette méthode sont encore rares dans les recherches en éducation, des exemples de son utilisation se trouvent aisément dans d’autres disciplines. Cependant, sa mise en place soulève plusieurs questions. L’objectif de cet article est de fournir des éléments de réponses guidant le chercheur et l’évaluateur du domaine de l’éducation pour l’estimation et l’utilisation du score de propension. Les différentes étapes de son application sont présentées pas à pas : évaluation du biais de sélection, construction du score de propension et …

aparelhamento da pontuação de propensãoappariement sur score de propensiondoubles différencesSocial Sciences and Humanities[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Educationponderação inversa sobre as probabilidades de ser tratadobiais de sélection01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probability0504 sociologyselection bias0101 mathematicsinverse probability of treatment weightingpropensity scorepontuação de propensãodifference in differencesscore de propensionpropensity score matching4. Education05 social sciences050401 social sciences methods[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationGeneral Medicinepondération inverse sur les probabilités d’être traitéviés de seleçãopondération inverse sur les probabilités d'être traitéselection bias.Sciences Humaines et Socialesdiferenças duplas
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Optimal recovery of a radiating source with multiple frequencies along one line

2020

We study an inverse problem where an unknown radiating source is observed with collimated detectors along a single line and the medium has a known attenuation. The research is motivated by applications in SPECT and beam hardening. If measurements are carried out with frequencies ranging in an open set, we show that the source density is uniquely determined by these measurements up to averaging over levelsets of the integrated attenuation. This leads to a generalized Laplace transform. We also discuss some numerical approaches and demonstrate the results with several examples.

attenuated Radon transformMultispectralRAYUniqueness theorem01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmat44A10 (Primary) 65R32 44A60 46N40 65Z05 (Secondary)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicine111 MathematicsDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricstietokonetomografiaPharmacology (medical)INVERSIONnuclear medicineBeam hardeningPhysicsLaplace transformDetectorNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Inverse problemuniqueness theoremFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisMultiplicative system theoremkuvantaminensovellettu matematiikkaModeling and SimulationSPECTLine (geometry)numeerinen analyysipositroniemissiotomografiaemission computed tomographyAttenuated Radon transformEmission computed tomographyControl and OptimizationLaplace transformmultispectralOpen setCollimated light03 medical and health sciencesnuclear medicine.multiplicative system theoremFOS: Mathematicsinverse source problemMathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsAttenuation010102 general mathematicsInverse source problemRangingComputational physicsTENSOR TOMOGRAPHYPETbeam hardeningNuclear MedicineAnalysis
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Some Features of Modeling Ultrasound Propagation in Non-Destructive Control of Metal Structures Based on the Magnetostrictive Effect

2023

A method and mathematical models of direct and inverse problems of ultrasonic testing and diagnostics of complex metal structures for defects were developed and tested. A prototype of a system for magnetostrictive control of elements of the objects under study was manufactured and experimentally tested. Mathematical simulation of ultrasonic testing processes using MATLAB and the COMSOL Multiphysics software environment was carried out. The adequacy of the mathematical models was verified by the results of their comparison with real physical experiments. Information support and a methodology that implements it was developed, which ensure the functioning of the control facilities for these ob…

building metal structuresComputer Networks and CommunicationsHardware and ArchitectureControl and Systems Engineeringinverse problemsSignal ProcessingElectrical and Electronic Engineeringultrasonic testingdirect problemsbuilding metal structures; ultrasonic testing; small-aperture transducers; direct problems; inverse problemssmall-aperture transducersElectronics (Switzerland)
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