Search results for "Isotropy"

showing 10 items of 1099 documents

A field induced ferromagnetic-like transition below 2.8 K in Li2CuO2: An experimental and theoretical study

1998

The low temperature magnetic properties of the Li2CuO2 compound have been investigated by means of superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry. We find in addition to an antiferromagnetic phase below 9.5 K a ferromagnetic-like steep rise of the magnetization around 2.8 K. The observed low temperature behavior is discussed by considering second and fourth order magnetocrystalline effective anisotropy coefficients, in addition to the exchange couplings reported in the literature. Work at the Institut de Ciencia dels Materials was supported by the Spanish Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Technología Grant No. CICYT MAT 96-1037.

Field (physics)MagnetometerExchange InteractionsGeneral Physics and AstronomyExchange Interactions (Electron)Magnetizationlaw.inventionMagnetizationMagnetisationAntiferromagnetism:FÍSICA [UNESCO]lawPhase (matter)Magnetic propertiesFerromagnetic MaterialsCopper OxidesLi2CuO2AntiferromagnetismAntiferromagnetic MaterialsLithium OxidesAnisotropyCondensed matter physicsTemperature Range 0000-0013 KChemistryTemperature DependenceUNESCO::FÍSICALithium Compounds ; Ferromagnetic-Antiferromagnetic Transitions ; Ferromagnetic Materials ; Antiferromagnetic Materials ; Magnetisation ; Magnetic Anisotropy ; Exchange Interactions (Electron) ; Lithium Oxides ; Copper Oxides ; Magnetization ; Exchange Interactions ; Antiferromagnetism ; Ferromagnetism ; Temperature Dependence ; Temperature Range 0000-0013 KMagnetic AnisotropyMagnetic anisotropyFerromagnetismLithium CompoundsFerromagnetismFerromagnetic-Antiferromagnetic TransitionsJournal of Applied Physics
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Shape transitions of giant liposomes induced by an anisotropic spontaneous curvature

2000

International audience; We explore how a magnetic field breaks the symmetry of an initially spherical giant liposome filled with a magnetic colloid. The condition of rotational symmetry along the field axis leads either to a prolate or to an oblate ellipsoid. We demonstrate that an electrostatic interaction between the nanoparticles and the membrane triggers the shape transition. PACS numbers: 75.

Field (physics)Static ElectricityRotational symmetryFOS: Physical sciencesNanoparticle02 engineering and technologyCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter[CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistryCurvatureFerric Compounds01 natural sciencesMagneticsColloid0103 physical sciencesColloids010306 general physicsAnisotropyDebye lengthPhysicsCondensed matter physicsOsmolar Concentration[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryModels Theoretical021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGiant liposomesSymmetry (physics)Magnetic field[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/PolymersClassical mechanicsLiposomesMagnetic nanoparticlesPhosphatidylcholinesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)AnisotropySpontaneous curvature0210 nano-technology[PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]Physical Review E
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Gradient estimates for the perfect conductivity problem in anisotropic media

2018

Abstract We study the perfect conductivity problem when two perfectly conducting inclusions are closely located to each other in an anisotropic background medium. We establish optimal upper and lower gradient bounds for the solution in any dimension which characterize the singular behavior of the electric field as the distance between the inclusions goes to zero.

Finsler LaplacianApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysisZero (complex analysis)Perfect conductorGradient blow-upConductivity01 natural sciences010101 applied mathematicsMathematics - Analysis of PDEsDimension (vector space)Settore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaElectric fieldSingular behaviorFOS: MathematicsMathematics (all)Primary: 35J25 35B44 35B50 Secondary: 35J62 78A48 58J600101 mathematicsPerfect conductorAnisotropyAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)MathematicsJournal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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Dielectric Relaxation of a Polybutadiene Melt at a Crystalline Graphite Surface: Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulations

2014

Dielectric experiments are an indispensable tool to further our understanding of the relaxation behavior of polymers, not only in bulk samples but also in confined situations. A chemically realistic Molecular Dynamics simulation, in which all information about molecular motions is available, can shed light onto the questions of heterogeneity and anisotropy of the underlying molecular relaxation processes which lead to the ensemble averaged experimental dielectric signal. In this contribution, we present a careful analysis of the dielectric response of a weakly polar and confined polymer, 1,4-polybutadiene between graphite walls. The relaxation of the segmental dipole moments was obtained in…

Fluctuation-dissipation theoremMolecular dynamicsDipolesymbols.namesakeMaterials scienceComputational chemistryChemical physicsRelaxation (NMR)symbolsDielectricAnisotropyCole–Cole equationDebye
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CFD prediction of shell-side flow and mass transfer in regular fiber arrays

2021

Numerical simulations were conducted for fully developed, steady-state flow with mass transfer in fiber bundles arranged in regular lattices. The porosity was 0.5 and the Schmidt number 500. Several combinations of axial flow, transverse flow and flow attack angles in the cross-section plane were considered. The axial and transverse Reynolds numbers Rez , ReT were made to vary from 10(^−4) to 10(^2). Concentration boundary conditions, and the definition of an average Sherwood number, were addressed. Results for the hydraulic permeability were compared with the literature. Both hexagonal and square lattices were found to be hydraulically almost isotropic up to transverse flow Reynolds number…

Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesPhysicsSettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciMechanical EngineeringComputational fluid dynamics Viscous flow Shell-side mass transfer Rod array Cylinder arraySchmidt numberIsotropyReynolds number02 engineering and technologyMechanics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSherwood number010305 fluids & plasmasPhysics::Fluid DynamicsTransverse planesymbols.namesakeAxial compressorFlow (mathematics)Mass transfer0103 physical sciencessymbols0210 nano-technologySettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
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Efficient Modeling of NMR Parameters in Carbon Nanosystems

2015

Rapid growth of nanoscience and nanotechnology requires new and more powerful modeling tools. Efficient theoretical modeling of large molecular systems at the ab initio and Density Functional Theory (DFT) levels of theory depends critically on the size and completeness of the basis set used. The recently designed variants of STO-3G basis set (STO-3Gel, STO-3Gmag), modified to correctly predict electronic and magnetic properties were tested on simple models of pristine and functionalized carbon nanotube (CNT) systems and fullerenes using the B3LYP and VSXC density functionals. Predicted geometries, vibrational properties, and HOMO/LUMO gaps of the model systems, calculated with typical 6-31G…

FullereneBasis (linear algebra)ChemistryIsotropyAb initioNanotechnologyCarbon nanotubeComputer Science Applicationslaw.inventionChemical physicslawPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHOMO/LUMOBasis setJournal of Chemical Theory and Computation
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The Study of Dynamic Objects Identification Algorithms Based on Anisotropic Properties of Generalized Amplitude-Phase Images

2018

The article presents some results of dynamical objects identification technology based on coincidence matrixes of templates and tested objects’ amplitude-phase images (APIm) calculated with discrete Hilbert transforms (DHT). DHT algorithms are modeled on basis of isotropic (HTI), anisotropic (HTA), generalized transforms – AP-analysis (APA) and the difference (residual) relative shifted phase (DRSP-) images to calculate the APIm. The identified objects are recognized as members of classes modeled with 3D templates – images of different types airplanes rotated in space. The dynamic anisotropic properties of APIm causes the increasing of sensitivity to circular angle rotation and make possibl…

Generalized hilbert transformsMatching (graph theory)Basis (linear algebra)Dynamic object identificationComputer scienceIsotropyPhase (waves)Sensitivity (control systems)ResidualAmplitude-phase imagesAlgorithmRotation (mathematics)Coincidence
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Generalized inverse of the compliance tensor, and behaviour of incompressible anisotropic materials - Application to damage

1997

Before the final rupture, most structural materials exhibit an import damage in the form of microvoids. The overall behaviour of a damaged elastic material depends on the void volume fraction f. Undamaged polymers are generally considered as incompressible elastic. Metals at high temperature may be considered as linearly viscoplastic. Thus the undamaged material may be described by an incompressible behaviour, while the overall behaviour of the damaged material is compressible depending on the void volume fraction. The transition from a compressible to an incompressible behaviour leads to a singular compliance matrix and an undefined rigidity matrix. The generalized inverse of the complianc…

Generalized inverseStructural materialMaterials scienceViscoplasticityMechanical EngineeringIsotropyMathematical analysisCondensed Matter PhysicsOrthotropic materialMatrix (mathematics)Mechanics of MaterialsCompressibilityGeneral Materials ScienceTensorCivil and Structural Engineering
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Modeling of anisotropic grain growth in minerals

2001

The role of surface energy anisotropy during grain growth is investigated using both physical experiments on octachloropropane and numerical experiments using the Elle microstructural modelling system. In particular the effects of anisotropy on growth rates, grain shapes and lattice preferred orientations are analysed. Anisotropic growth in thin polycrystalline sheets of octachloropropane is found to systematically remove certain c-axis orientations from the sample, without obviously modifying the grain shapes. By comparison with equivalent numerical experiments, we can explain these observations with a simple boundary layer model that treats each side of each grain boundary as an independe…

Grain growthBoundary layerCondensed matter physicsFinite strain theoryGrain boundaryCrystalliteGrowth rateAnisotropyGeologySurface energy
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GFP-mut2 Proteins in Trehalose-Water Matrixes: Spatially Heterogeneous Protein-Water-Sugar Structures

2007

We report investigations on the properties of nanoenvironments around single-GFP-mut2 proteins in trehalose-water matrixes. Single-GFPmut2 molecules embedded in thin trehalose-water films were characterized in terms of their fluorescence brightness, bleaching dynamics, excited state lifetime, and fluorescence polarization. For each property, sets of approximately 100-150 single molecules have been investigated as a function of trehalose content and hydration. Three distinct and interconverting families of proteins have been found which differ widely in terms of bleaching dynamics, brightness, and fluorescence polarization, whose relative populations sizably depend on sample hydration. The r…

Green Fluorescent ProteinsBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryCarbohydratesMolecular ConformationPhase TransitionColloidchemistry.chemical_compoundMoleculeColloidsSupercoolingthrealosesingle molecule fluorescenceChemistryTrehaloseWaterSingle-molecule experimentFluorescenceTrehaloseSolutionsModels ChemicalChemical physicsCell BiophysicsGFPmut2Excited statelifetimesFluorescence anisotropy
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