Search results for "JOINT"
showing 10 items of 1472 documents
Le Fratture di Rotula
2015
Patellar fractures are relatively uncommon, accounting for approximately 1% of all fractures. Non-operative treatment represents the best choice for undisplaced patellar fractures. However, surgery becomes necessary when fractures are displaced by more than 2 mm, and may include open reduction and internal fixation. Accurate reduction and rigid fixation are required in order to allow early knee mobilization and to obtain a better clinical outcome. Several techniques have been described for patellar fracture fixation, such as tension band wiring, interfragmentary screw fixation, and the combination of screw fixation and cerclage. In this article up-to-date diagnosis, classification and treat…
Effect of preoperative flexion contracture in the knee joint on the accuracy of digital templating before knee replacement surgery
2016
Abstract Introduction Flexion contracture in the knee joint before knee replacement surgery has been implicated as one of the factors that could affect the accuracy of digital templating. Aim The aim of the study was to detect the accuracy of digital templating in predicting the size of knee implants and to detect the effect of preoperative flexion contracture in the knee joint on the accuracy of digital templating. Material and methods The flexion contracture of the knee joint was measured in every patient prior to knee replacement surgery and digital templating of the knee joint was made in mediolateral (ML), anteroposterior (AP) and AP long leg views. The sizes of prosthetic components p…
Deficiency of Nrf2 accelerates the effector phase of arthritis and aggravates joint disease
2011
14 páginas, 8 figuras, 1 tabla.-- et al.
Enterobacterial Antigens with Tropism for Joint Structures and HLA-B27=Restricted Cytotoxic T-Cells in Reactive Arthritis
1995
In reactive arthritis (ReA), sterile synovitis is an immunological sequela following gastrointestinal or urogenital infection with facultatively intracellular bacteria (Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella, Chlamydia). It is widely accepted now that the development of arthritis is closely related to the persistance of bacteria or bacterial antigens in extraarticular mucosal or lymphoid tissues (i.e. gut mucosa, gut associated lymphoid tissue, genitourinary mucosa); however, it is still unclear which host mechanisms are responsible for the poorer elimination of arthritis-causing microorganisms in those ReA patients. Bacterial components are also camed to the joints where they can be demonstrated i…
Load Distribution in the Lumbar Spine During Modeled Compression Depends on Lordosis.
2021
Excessive or incorrect loading of lumbar spinal structures is commonly assumed as one of the factors to accelerate degenerative processes, which may lead to lower back pain. Accordingly, the mechanics of the spine under medical conditions, such as scoliosis or spondylolisthesis, is well-investigated. Treatments via both conventional therapy and surgical methods alike aim at restoring a “healthy” (or at least pain-free) load distribution. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the inter-subject variability of load bearings within a “healthy” lumbar spine. Hence, we utilized computer tomography data from 28 trauma-room patients, whose lumbar spines showed no visible sign of degeneration, to …
Altered (oxidized) C1q induces a rheumatoid arthritis-like destructive and chronic inflammation in joint structures in arthritis-susceptible rats.
1997
Previous studies have identified an altered C1q molecule in synovial fluids from the joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients. We therefore immunized arthritis-susceptible Lewis 1A.AVN rats with either native C1q (C1q nat), altered (oxidized) C1q (C1q ox), or type II collagen (CII, induces arthritis in these animals), in order to induce arthritis. Unlike C1q nat, both CII and C1q ox were able to induce swelling and erythema of joints consistent with an arthritis-like inflammatory reaction. Histopathological evaluation of individual joint sections revealed synovitis, bursitis and tendovaginitis, massive joint destruction, and severe pannus formation. In a time-course study, no differences in …
The craniovertebral junction in rheumatoid arthritis: State of the art
2019
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, characterized by polyarticular inflammation causing progressive joint damage and disability. The mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis involve activation of innate and adaptive immunity, microvascular endothelial cell activation, and inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes into the synovium. Spinal involvement in RA is not typical; when it occurs, the main radiological features are (1) atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS), which is the most typical form of cervical spine involvement; (2) cranial settling—also known as basilar impression, atlantoaxial impaction or superior migration of the odontoid—which is the most seve…
Arthroscopic approach for treating a pigmented villonodular sinovitis of TMJ. A case report
2017
The present report describes the case of a 29-year-old man referred to our service for TMJ pain and progressive reduction of the mouth opening. Differential diagnostics included rheumatologic diseases, monoarthritis and intraarticular lumps. In this line, a face CT scan and a MRI of TMJ were carried out in order to ensure a proper diagnosis. These tests showed a solid lesion into the joint cavity. In view of that, we decided to perform a diagnostic and therapeutic arthroscopy of TMJ. Histopathological studies confirmed the diagnosis of pigmented villonodular synovitis. The main aim of this report is to describe this rare syndrome with the goal of proposing suitable treatments. Moreover, we …
Bone and cartilage characteristics in postmenopausal women with mild knee radiographic osteoarthritis and those without radiographic osteoarthritis
2015
Objectives: To evaluate the association between radiographically-assessed knee osteoarthritis and femoral neck bone characteristics in women with mild knee radiographic osteoarthritis and those without radiographic osteoarthritis. Methods: Ninety postmenopausal women (mean age [SD], 58 [4] years; height, 163 [6] cm; weight, 71 [11] kg) participated in this cross-sectional study. The severity of radiographic knee osteoarthritis was defined using Kellgren-Lawrence grades 0=normal (n=12), 1=doubtful (n=25) or 2=minimal (n=53). Femoral neck bone mineral content (BMC), section modulus (Z), and cross-sectional area (CSA) were measured with DXA. The biochemical composition of ipsilateral knee cart…
The influence of lateral release on patello-femoral joint loading in knee arthroplasty
1992
Eight fresh, cadaveric knees have been fitted with four different total knee cemented prostheses. Loading forces at the bone implant fixation interface of the patella component have been measured in a knee joint testing rig by four miniaturized force transducers, before and after a lateral release of the patellar retinaculum. The lateral release resulted in a significant local force reduction in the lateral and/or proximal quadrant of the patella resection plane depending on the knee flexion angle, quadriceps tensile force direction, and the patellar prosthesis design.