Search results for "Justice"

Les effets du choix de l'école selon la nature du dispositif mis en œuvre : une approche comparative en terme d'équité

2007

This doctoral thesis analyses the implications derived from the regulations and the implementation of school choice programs at the level of the redistribution of the social good education – freedom for parents to choose the schools of their children, increasing the control of citizens on the way schools educate, maximisation of educational options for children, equalisation of educational opportunities, satisfaction of preferences, education to democracy, tolerance and autonomy. To this aim, we do a systematic empirical assessment of four school choice programs (London, Amsterdam, Paris and Buenos Aires) with the help of several methodological tools. On the one hand, a theoretical model of…

Justice in the Sustainability Curriculum

2021

Squeezing of Quantum Noise of Motion in a Micromechanical Resonator

2015

A pair of conjugate observables, such as the quadrature amplitudes of harmonic motion, have fundamental fluctuations which are bound by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. However, in a squeezed quantum state, fluctuations of a quantity can be reduced below the standard quantum limit, at the cost of increased fluctuations of the conjugate variable. Here we prepare a nearly macroscopic moving body, realized as a micromechanical resonator, in a squeezed quantum state. We obtain squeezing of one quadrature amplitude $1.1 \pm 0.4$ dB below the standard quantum limit, thus achieving a long-standing goal of obtaining motional squeezing in a macroscopic object.

The Egalitarian Quality of Lottocracy

2019

Abstract. Recently, political models which employ lottery-selection instead of ballot voting have been proposed. Proponents argue that such  lottocratic models can improve the representation of the population and reduce undemocratic influences. In this paper, I argue that these proposals also satisfy the egalitarian requirement of democracy. I claim that having an  equal chance to be selected by lot  is equally egalitarian as having  an equally weighed vote  for two reasons: first, having a chance to be selected by lot satisfies the requirement for  political justice better than electoral democracy and second, it provides citizens with equal political  influence  and not merely equal  impac…

Motives for physical activity among active and inactive persons in their mid-30s

2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the motives for leisure-time physical activity among active and inactive men and women in their mid-30s. We used both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Altogether, 2308 participants (mean age 33.9 years, 53.4% women) were identified from the population-based FinnTwin16 Cohort. Physically active and inactive individuals were identified on the basis of their leisure-time MET h/day. We evaluated participants' physical activity motivation with a modified version of the Recreational Exercise Motivation Measure. Comparisons between active and inactive individuals were analysed using the Wald test for equality of means, and effect sizes were calcula…

The discussion on the social justice of the educational system in France

2015

International audience; This text, written for a German book on conceptions of school justice offers a reading of changes the approach to justice school in France since 1990 by the Human Sciences Research. It distinguishes three periods. Until the late 1990s, the issue of school justice was treated by the researchers only through the social inequalities of school careers. In the late 90s, the idea emerged that a renewal was necessary, it was necessary to take into account other items, ask the further question of the responsibility of the school itself in the genesis of inequality, and the injustice of inequality. Today, work on the school's justice takes shelter under three rival and partia…

Dix propositions pour changer d'école

2015

International audience; L'école est-elle responsable des maux de notre société : chômage, notamment celui des jeunes, violences, fractures entre classes et entre générations ? Peu à peu le sentiment que l'école française ne parvient plus à jouer son rôle de formation et d'intégration sociale s'est imposé à tous.Persistance d'un noyau dur d'élèves en échec, évolution des savoirs et des références culturelles, révolution de l'accès à l'information, métamorphoses de la jeunesse. La situation appelle désormais des remises en questions fondamentales plus que des ajustements à la marge. De la formation des enseignants à la définition des contenus et des apprentissages fondamentaux, en passant par…

Mobility and Unspoken Citizens’ Rights in EU-Documents

2015

The formulation of Union citizenship has concentrated on rights since the 1970s. In the Maastricht and subsequent EU treaties, Union citizenship is defined through rights. Against this background, discussion on rights in the EU documents on citizenship analysed in this article is surprisingly scarce. The research material consists of 15 documents produced by EU institutions in 2003–2007 as part of three programmes on citizenship. In the documents, the discussion on rights focuses on mobility instead of other aspects of rights. Electoral rights and fundamental rights are discussed a little, but in general, the minuscule discussion on rights is dominated by discussions on freedom of mobility,…

Non-elected Political Elites in the EU

2017

With globalization and Europeanization, profound changes have taken place in the composition and structure of elites. Once solidly tied to the nation state, elites have, following processes of differentiation and specialization, become more transnational than ever before. Their development has been conditioned by the evolving relationship between international, transnational, and national powers. In the European context, key institutional players today include the European Commission, the European Ombudsman and the European Court of Justice as aspiring representatives of the general European interest and the Council of Ministers and member states as representing national interests in the EU…

Justice in transitions: Widening considerations of justice in dietary transition

2021

Just transition is gaining increasing attention. The need to consider social justice in sustainability transitions is finally being acknowledged. Research on this issue has, to date, mainly concentrated on energy systems. In this paper, we examine how the elaboration of dietary transition widens the spectrum of justice questions in sustainability transitions research. We explicate the arising normative questions along the dimensions of distributive, procedural and recognitive justice; widening the considerations further to restorative and cosmopolitan justice. Dietary transition widens the justice considerations to basic needs, food security and nutrition. By doing so, it evokes socio-cultu…