Search results for "Killer Cells"
showing 10 items of 133 documents
Role of Natural Killer Activity in Development of Spontaneous Metastases in Murine Renal Cancer
1985
Abstract We have studied the role of natural killer activity during the growth and dissemination of a transplantable renal adenocarcinoma (Renca) of spontaneous origin in BALB/c mice. The pattern of growth of this tumor accurately mimics that of adult human renal cell carcinoma in terms of clinical stages I–IV, particularly with regard to spontaneous metastasis to lung and liver. Renca is moderately sensitive to lysis by natural killer cells from normal mice and is more efficiently lysed by natural killer cells from mice treated with the biological response modifier maleic anhydride divinyl ether, a pyran copolymer. Our studies demonstrate that selective depression of natural killer activit…
Therapy of Peritoneal Murine Cancer with Biological Response Modifiers
1985
We have used a murine renal adenocarcinoma of spontaneous origin (Renca) inplanted in the peritoneal cavity to study the therapeutic potential of biological response modifiers (BRMs) used alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy. This tumor model is therapeutically challenging since following intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, the tumor grows progressively with hemorrhagic ascites, abdominal metastases to lymph nodes, liver, spleen, most serous membranes, and, in some animals, metastases to extra-abdominal sites (lungs). In the absence of therapy, death invariably occurs within 36 +/- 2 days. The tumor is efficiently lysed in 4 hours by peritoneal cells isolated from mice treated with BRMs.…
Inflammatory and immunological profile in COPD secondary to organic dust exposure.
2021
Inflammatory response in patients with COPD secondary to organic dust exposure (OD-COPD) is poorly understood. We therefore aimed to characterize inflammatory and immune profile from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in a group of patients with mild-to-moderate COPD secondary to organic dust exposure (OD-COPD), tobacco smoking (T-COPD), or both. We compared T, B and NK cells distribution and inflammatory (TNF-α, Il-1β, IL-6), type 1 (IFN-γ), type 2 (IL-4, IL-13) and type 3 (IL-17) immunity related cytokines at baseline, and after stimulation with LPS, flagellin and CD3/CD28 beads in all COPD groups. OD-COPD displayed significantly lower NK cells and CD8+ T cells compared with contro…
High Dimensional Immune Profiling Reveals Different Response Patterns in Active and Latent Tuberculosis Following Stimulation With Mycobacterial Glyc…
2021
Upon infection withMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) the host immune response might clear the bacteria, control its growth leading to latent tuberculosis (LTB), or fail to control its growth resulting in active TB (ATB). There is however no clear understanding of the features underlying a more or less effective response. Mtb glycolipids are abundant in the bacterial cell envelope and modulate the immune response to Mtb, but the patterns of response to glycolipids are still underexplored. To identify the CD45+leukocyte activation landscape induced by Mtb glycolipids in peripheral blood of ATB and LTB, we performed a detailed assessment of the immune response of PBMCs to the Mtb glycolipids lip…
Angiotensin II-induced vascular dysfunction depends on interferon-γ-driven immune cell recruitment and mutual activation of monocytes and NK-cells.
2013
Objective— Immune cells contribute to angiotensin II (ATII)–induced vascular dysfunction and inflammation. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), an inflammatory cytokine exclusively produced by immune cells, seems to be involved in ATII-driven cardiovascular injury, but the actions and cellular source of IFN-γ remain incompletely understood. Approach and Results— IFN-γ −/− and Tbx21 −/− mice were partially protected from ATII-induced (1 mg/kg per day of ATII, infused subcutaneously by miniosmotic pumps) vascular endothelial and smooth muscle dysfunction, whereas mice overexpressing IFN-γ showed constitutive vascular dysfunction. Absence of T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet), the IFN-γ transcription factor…
Relationship of curative surgery on natural killer cell activity in colorectal cancer.
1996
Aim of this study has been to evaluate natural killer (NK) activity in patients with colorectal tumors before and after curative surgery.Forty colorectal cancer patients without distant metastases were stratified according to American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer staging system into three categories: Stage I (n = 12), Stage II (n = 15), and Stage III (n = 13). All of them underwent curative resection, and there were no major postoperative complications. Venous blood samples were obtained preoperatively, at surgical wound closure, and on the 1st, 7th, and 21st postoperative days. Mononuclear cells were isolated over Ficoll-Hypaque (Lymphoprep, Nycomed Pharma A…
The Putative Natural Killer Decoy Early Genem04(gp34) of Murine Cytomegalovirus Encodes an Antigenic Peptide Recognized by Protective Antiviral CD8 T…
2000
ABSTRACTSeveral early genes of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) encode proteins that mediate immune evasion by interference with the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) pathway of antigen presentation to cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). Specifically, them152gene product gp37/40 causes retention of MHC-I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi intermediate compartment. Lack of MHC-I on the cell surface should activate natural killer (NK) cells recognizing the “missing self.” The retention, however, is counteracted by them04early gene product gp34, which binds to folded MHC-I molecules in the ER and directs the complex to the cell surface. It was thus speculated that gp34 mi…
The Immune Evasion Paradox: Immunoevasins of Murine Cytomegalovirus Enhance Priming of CD8 T Cells by Preventing Negative Feedback Regulation▿
2008
ABSTRACTCytomegaloviruses express glycoproteins that interfere with antigen presentation to CD8 T cells. Although the molecular modes of action of these “immunoevasins” differ between cytomegalovirus species, the convergent biological outcome is an inhibition of the recognition of infected cells. In murine cytomegalovirus, m152/gp40 retains peptide-loaded major histocompatibility complex class I molecules in acis-Golgi compartment, m06/gp48 mediates their vesicular sorting for lysosomal degradation, and m04/gp34, although not an immunoevasin in its own right, appears to assist in the concerted action of all three molecules. Using the Ld-restricted IE1 epitope YPHFMPTNL in the BALB/c mouse m…
Immune cells in colorectal cancer: prognostic relevance and therapeutic strategies.
2008
During the last two decades, considerable efforts have been made to improve the prevention, early diagnosis and therapy of colorectal cancer by gaining enhanced insights into disease-specific pathogenesis. Along these lines, tumor-infiltrating immune cells turned out to be critical indicators for an efficient antitumor immune response and the number and type of tumor-infiltrating immune cells determined the resulting tumor prognosis. This review aims to describe the prognostic relevance of the different subsets of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and highlights their specific function in the complex process of immune system-mediated rejection of colorectal cancer cells. Considering the clini…
Membrane gangliosides and immuno-mediated cytolysis in drug sensitive and treatment-induced multidrug resistant human ovarian cancer cells
1991
The pattern of cytoplasmic membrane gangliosides and two cellular features which have been reported to be related to the expression of different membrane gangliosides, namely adhesion to solid substrates and susceptibility to the lytic activity of immune effector cells, have been investigated in drug sensitive A2780 human ovarian cancer cells and in two treatment-induced multidrug resistant sublines (A2780-DX1 and A2780-DX3). The total membrane gangliosides content of A2780 sensitive cells was comparable to that of the two multidrug resistant (MDR) sublines, but the acquisition of the MDR phenotype was characterized by an increased expression of the polysialylated gangliosides (particularly…