Search results for "LAL"

showing 10 items of 1001 documents

Eliciting callus culture for production of hepatoprotective flavonoids and phenolics from Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don Endl)

2020

The aim of our study is to estimate the hepatoprotective effects of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of Sequoia sempervirens by determination of liver biomarkers (ALT, AST, total bilirubin and albumin in serum) and by histopathological examinations using thioacetamide-induced (TAA) liver injury model. Concurrent administration of ethanolic extracts of S. sempervirens leaves improved the alterations in liver morphology where it was a potent protector of the liver. The potential of L-phenylalanine and silver nitrate as chemical elicitors as well as UV radiation as a physical elicitor on flavonoid production in callus culture of S. sempervirens were emphasized. Murashige and Skoog’s medium …

chemistry.chemical_classificationLiver injuryTraditional medicine010405 organic chemistryBilirubinOrganic ChemistryFlavonoidfungiAlbuminfood and beveragesPhenylalaninePlant Sciencemedicine.disease01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryElicitor010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistrySilver nitratechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCallusmedicine
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Physicochemical Properties of Copper(II) Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Sulfosuccinate Reversed Micelles

1998

Abstract Measurements of some physicochemical properties (density, viscosity, conductance, UV–vis spectra, IR spectra) of the water/copper(II) bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (Cu(DEHSS) 2 )/CCl 4 microemulsions, at a fixed surfactant molal concentration ([Cu (DEHSS) 2 ] = 0.05003 mol kg −1 ), as function of the molar ratio R ( R = [water]/[DEHSS − ]) have been performed at 25°C. Information on some structural and dynamical properties of the water-containing Cu(DEHSS) 2 reversed micelles and of their evolution with R are derived from the experimental results. The comparison with the same properties of water-containing sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate reversed micelles allows to evide…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolalityAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementConductanceInfrared spectroscopyCopperMicelleSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryPulmonary surfactantPhysical chemistryMicroemulsionCounterionJournal of Colloid and Interface Science
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Volumes and heat capacities of the aqueous sodium dodecanoate/sodium perfluorooctanoate mixtures in the presence of β-cyclodextrin

2003

Apparent molar volumes (VΦ) and heat capacities (CΦ) of the sodium dodecanoate (NaL)/sodium perfluorooctanoate (NaPFO) mixtures in the water/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) solvent as functions of the surfactant total molality (mt) were determined at 25°C. For a given surfactant mixture, VΦ decreases with mt to ca. 0.05 mol kg−1 thereafter it increases tending to a constant value. CΦ displays a behaviour opposite to VΦ. The mt values where the apparent molar properties exhibit extrema are nearly coincident with the critical micellar concentrations determined by conductivity. An equation correlating VΦ to mt was derived by assuming that the equilibria for the 1∶1 surfactant/cyclodextrin complex format…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolalityAqueous solutionChromatographyCyclodextrinChemistryThermodynamics of micellizationGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsMicelleHeat capacityMolar volumePulmonary surfactantPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
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FT-IR and nuclear overhauser enhancement study of the state of urea confined in AOT-reversed micelles

2003

Abstract The system urea/sodium-bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) dispersed in CCl 4 and benzene-d6 was investigated by viscosimetry, FT-IR and high-resolution 1 H NMR spectroscopy, as a function of urea/AOT molar ratio ( R urea ) at fixed AOT molal concentration (0.3467 mol kg −1 ) and as a function of AOT concentration at fixed R urea (0.5) at 25 °C. The experimental data are consistent with the hypothesis that urea is encapsulated as small-size hydrogen-bonded cluster in the hydrophilic micellar core of the AOT-reversed micelles and that this structure is maintained well above the volume fraction of the dispersed phase, where a percolative transition occurs. Intermolecular nuclear ov…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolalityInorganic chemistryMicellechemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistrySulfonatechemistryPulmonary surfactantUreaProton NMRPhysical chemistryAlkylMethyl groupColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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Molecular aggregation in selected crystalline 1:1 complexes of hydrophobicD- andL-amino acids. IV. TheL-phenylalanine series

2009

The amino acid L-phenylalanine has been cocrystallized with D-2-aminobutyric acid, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(4)H(9)NO(2), D-norvaline, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(5)H(11)NO(2), and D-methionine, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(5)H(11)NO(2)S, with linear side chains, as well as with D-leucine, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(6)H(13)NO(2), D-isoleucine, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(6)H(13)NO(2), and D-allo-isoleucine, C(9)H(11)NO(2).C(6)H(13)NO(2), with branched side chains. The structures of these 1:1 complexes fall into two classes based on the observed hydrogen-bonding pattern. From a comparison with other L:D complexes involving hydrophobic amino acids and regular racemates, it is shown that the structure-directing properties of phenylalanine closel…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular StructureChemistryStereochemistryAminobutyratesPhenylalanineHydrogen BondingStereoisomerismStereoisomerismPhenylalanineGeneral MedicineCrystallography X-RayGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAmino acidValineSide chainIsoleucineLeucineAminobutyratesHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsActa Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications
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Two penta­de­hydro­peptides with different configurations of the ΔPhe residues

2009

Comparison of the crystal structures of two pentadehydropeptides containing DeltaPhe residues, namely (Z,Z)-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)glycyl-alpha,beta-phenylalanylglycyl-alpha,beta-phenylalanylglycine (or Boc(0)-Gly(1)-Delta(Z)Phe(2)-Gly(3)-Delta(Z)Phe(4)-Gly(5)-OH) methanol solvate, C(29)H(33)N(5)O(8) x CH(4)O, (I), and (E,E)-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)glycyl-alpha,beta-phenylalanylglycyl-alpha,beta-phenylalanylglycine (or Boc(0)-Gly(1)-Delta(E)Phe(2)-Gly(3)-Delta(E)Phe(4)-Gly(5)-OH), C(29)H(33)N(5)O(8), (II), indicates that the Delta(Z)Phe residue is a more effective inducer of folded structures than the Delta(E)Phe residue. The values of the torsion angles phi and psi show the presence of two …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMolecular StructureProtein ConformationOrganic CompoundsStereochemistryHydrogen bondPhenylalanineMolecular Sequence DataHydrogen BondingPhenylalanineGeneral MedicineCrystal structureCrystallography X-RayGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAmino acidCrystallographyResidue (chemistry)Protein structurechemistryIntramolecular forceMoleculeAmino Acid SequenceOligopeptidesProtein BindingActa Crystallographica Section C-Crystal Structure Communications
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Determination of Amino Acids by Micellar High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Pre-column Derivatization withO-Phthalaldehyde and N-Acetyl-L-cys…

1995

Abstract Micellar liquid chromatography of proteic primary amino acids with pre-column derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine was studied, using mobile phases containing a short-chain alcohol. The modification of pH gave a large variation of the retention as a result of the protonation of the carboxylate group of amino acids. Maximum resolution and adequate retentions were achieved with a 0.05 M sodium dodecyl sulphate/3% propanol mobile phase at pH 3. The reproducibility was lower than 1.0% at a 1 × 10−4 M concentration level and between 0.6 and 2.2% for 1 × 10−6 M. The determination of glycine, lysine, methionine and threonine in pharmaceutical formulations gav…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPropanolO-Phthalaldehydechemistry.chemical_compoundChromatographychemistryMicellar liquid chromatographyMolecular MedicineProtonationCarboxylateDerivatizationHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAmino acidJournal of Liquid Chromatography
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Mechanism of anionic polymerization of (meth)acrylates in the presence of aluminium alkyls

1995

Summary Methyl methacrylate was polymerized with tert-butyl lithium in the presence of triethylaluminum or triisobutylaluminium at -78~ in toluene. As indicated by GPC and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, the polymerization is accompanied by side reactions. The lower oligomers were fractionated by distillation and characterised by NMR, FT-IR, UV and electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry. All these data show that part of the polymer chains are carrying exactly one tert-butyl isoprenyl ketone unit. In order to avoid the formation of tert-butyl isoprenyl ketone a molar ratio of A1/Li > 2 is necessary.

chemistry.chemical_classificationReaction mechanismKetonePolymers and PlasticsSide reactionSolution polymerizationGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physicschemistry.chemical_compoundAnionic addition polymerizationchemistryPolymerizationPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryMethyl methacrylateTriisobutylaluminiumPolymer Bulletin
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Oxidation of N,N-Benzylalkylamines to Nitrones by Mo(VI) and W(VI) Polyperoxo Complexes

1996

Abstract Oxidation of N,N-benzylalkylamines in chloroform by Mo(VI) and W(VI) polyperoxo complexes (PPC) of general formula Q+3{PO4[MO(O2)2]4}3− (Q+ = onium ion) yield the corresponding nitrones as oxidized products quantitatively. Only in the case of N,N-benzylmethylamine the formation of nitrone is accompanied by 25% of benzaldoxime. Oxidation of N,N-benzyltertbutylamine and N,N-benzylisopropylamine follows second order kinetics. This finding does not disqualify the hypothesis that the reaction might occur by a rate determining nucleophilic attack of the amine onto the peroxide oxygens leading, through a Bartlett-type transition state, to the probable formation of the corresponding hydrox…

chemistry.chemical_classificationReaction mechanismLigandStereochemistryPolyperoxo complexesProcess Chemistry and TechnologyN-benzylalkylaminesNPolyperoxo complexes; NN-benzylalkylamines; OxidationMedicinal chemistryPeroxideCatalysisNitroneReaction coordinateAdductchemistry.chemical_compoundHydroxylaminechemistryNucleophileOxidationPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Aqueous selective photocatalytic oxidation of salicyl alcohol by TiO2 catalysts: Influence of some physico-chemical features

2021

Abstract Partial photocatalytic oxidation of salicyl alcohol (2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol) to salicylaldehyde in water was investigated under environmental friendly conditions in the presence of home-prepared and commercial TiO2 (Merck and Aeroxide P25) samples under UVA irradiation. The photocatalysts were characterized by using BET, XRD, SEM and/or TEM techniques. The effects of crystallinity degree, pH (3–11) and presence of a hole trap (ethanol) on the photocatalytic activity and product selectivity were investigated. 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol was also used to study the influence of the position of the substituent group in the aromatic ring. High alcohols conversion and product selectivity va…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaAqueous solutionEthanolSubstituentSubstrate (chemistry)AlcoholGeneral ChemistryAldehydeCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEnvironmental friendly conditions Photocatalysis Salicyl alcohol Salicylaldehyde Salicylic acid Selective oxidationTiO2PhotocatalysisSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieSelectivityNuclear chemistry
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