Search results for "LB"
showing 10 items of 5653 documents
Characterization of zolbetuximab in pancreatic cancer models
2018
ABSTRACT In healthy tissue, the tight junction protein Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is present only in the gastric mucosa. Upon malignant transformation of gastric epithelial tissue, perturbations in cell polarity lead to cell surface exposure of CLDN18.2 epitopes. Moreover, CLDN18.2 is aberrantly expressed in malignancies of several other organs, such as pancreatic cancer (PC). A monoclonal antibody, zolbetuximab (formerly known as IMAB362), has been generated against CLDN18.2. In a phase 2 clinical trial (FAST: NCT01630083), zolbetuximab in conjunction with chemotherapy prolonged overall and progression-free survival over chemotherapy alone and improved quality of life. In this study, the mech…
Enhanced protection of C57 BL/6 vs Balb/c mice to melanoma liver metastasis is mediated by NK cells.
2017
ABSTRACT The B16F10 murine melanoma cell line displays a low expression of MHC class I molecules favoring immune evasion and metastases in immunocompetent C57 BL/6 wild-type mice. Here, we generated metastases to the liver, an organ that is skewed towards immune tolerance, by intrasplenic injection of B16F10 cells in syngeneic C57 BL/6 compared to allogeneic Balb/c mice. Surprisingly, Balb/c mice, which usually display a pronounced M2 macrophage and Th2 T cell polarization, were ∼3 times more susceptible to metastasis than C57 BL/6 mice, despite a much higher M1 and Th1 T cell immune response. The anti-metastatic advantage of C57 BL/6 mice could be attributed to a more potent NK-cell mediat…
MARTX Toxin in the Zoonotic Serovar of Vibrio vulnificus Triggers an Early Cytokine Storm in Mice
2017
Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2-serovar E is a zoonotic clonal complex that can cause death by sepsis in humans and fish. Unlike other biotypes, Bt2 produces a unique type of MARTXVv (Multifunctional-Autoprocessive-Repeats-in-Toxin; RtxA13), which is encoded by a gene duplicated in the pVvBt2 plasmid and chromosome II. In this work, we analyzed the activity of this toxin and its role in human sepsis by performing in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays. First, we demonstrated that the ACD domain, present exclusively in this toxin variant, effectively has an actin-cross-linking activity. Second, we determined that the whole toxin caused death of human endotheliocytes and monocytes by lysis and apo…
TLR2 modulates gut colonization and dissemination of Candida albicans in a murine model
2016
Invasive candidiasis often arises from translocation of endogenous yeasts from the gastrointestinal tract to the bloodstream. Here we describe that both wild type and TLR2−/− mice strains, orally administered with Candida albicans yeasts, display similar sustained high level of gut colonization when oral antibacterial treatment is present, while removal of antibiotic treatment causes a progressive clearance of yeasts in control but not in TLR2−/− mice. Fungal invasion of internal organs, following immunosuppression of colonized mice, was increased in TLR2−/− mice. These results point out to a role of TLR2 in gut protection against colonization and endogenous invasion by C. albicans. This wo…
<p>The microbiota of the bilio-pancreatic system: a cohort, STROBE-compliant study</p>
2019
Background: The gut microbiota play an essential role in protecting the host against pathogenic microorganisms by modulating immunity and regulating metabolic processes. In response to environmental factors, microbes can hugely alter their metabolism. These factors can substantially impact the host and have potential pathologic implications. Particularly pathogenic microorganisms colonizing pancreas and biliary tract tissues may be involved in chronic inflammation and cancer evolution. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of bile microbiota on survival in patients with pancreas and biliary tract disease (PBD). Patients and Methods: We investigated 152 Italian patients with cholelithiasis (CHL), …
European eel (<i>Anguilla anguilla</i>) plasma biochemistry alerts about propanil stress
2017
Propanil stress response in the eel (Anguilla anguilla) was examined. Eels were exposed to 3.16 mg/L for 72 hr and allowed to recover for 96 hr. Plasma levels of cortisol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, ammonium, lactate, albumin, and total proteins as well as electrolytes (chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium and phosphorus) were determined. As a consequence of exposure, cortisol, AP, AST, and LDH increased. A hyperglycemic condition, together with hyperlactemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglycemia was registered. Ammonium increased during exposure concomi…
Levels of lactoferrin, lysozyme and albumin in the tear film of keratoconus patients and their correlations with important parameters of the disease
2020
Abstract Background: Despite the fact that keratoconus has been tipically defined as a noninflammatory condition, recent research has promoted the role of inflammatory factors and protein changes of tear film in disease progression. Aims: to determine the level of serum albumin, lactoferrin and lyzozyme in tears of keratoconic patients and their correlations with corneal biomechanical properties. Subjects and methods: 16 eyes of keratoconus patients and 14 eyes of control cases were enrolled in an observational prospective study. We performed a complete ophthalmological examination on all participants. In order to determine the concentration of tear film proteins, a minimum of 20 microlitre…
A practical algorithmic approach to mature aggressive B cell lymphoma diagnosis in the double/triple hit era. Selecting cases, matching clinical bene…
2019
An accurate diagnosis of clinically distinct subgroups of aggressive mature B cell lymphomas is crucial for the choice of proper treatment. Presently, precise recognition of these disorders relies on the combination of morphological, immunophenotypical, and cytogenetic/molecular features. The diagnostic workup in such situations implies the application of costly and time-consuming analyses, which are not always required, since an intensified treatment option is reasonably reserved to fit patients. The Italian Group of Haematopathology proposes herein a practical algorithm for the diagnosis of aggressive mature B cell lymphomas based on a stepwise approach, aimed to select cases deserving mo…
Decreased Fibrogenesis After Treatment with Pirfenidone in a Newly Developed Mouse Model of Intestinal Fibrosis
2016
BACKGROUND Fibrosis as a common problem in patients with Crohn's disease is a result of an imbalance toward excessive tissue repair. At present, there is no specific treatment option. Pirfenidone is approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with both antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects. We subsequently investigated the impact of pirfenidone treatment on development of fibrosis in a new mouse model of intestinal fibrosis. METHODS Small bowel resections from donor mice were transplanted subcutaneously into the neck of recipients. Animals received either pirfenidone (100 mg/kg, three times daily, orally) or vehicle. RESULTS After administration of pirfenidone, a signif…
Dose-finding study of intensive weekly alternating schedule of docetaxel, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin, FD/FOx regimen, in metastatic gastric canc…
2018
// Gemma Bruera 1, 2 , Silvia Massacese 3 , Antonio Galvano 4 , Antonella Dal Mas 5 , Stefano Guadagni 6, 2 , Giuseppe Calvisi 5 , Eugenio Ciacco 3 , Antonio Russo 4 , Enrico Ricevuto 1, 2 , on behalf of Oncology Network ASL1 Abruzzo, Italy 1 Oncology Territorial Care, S. Salvatore Hospital, Oncology Network ASL1 Abruzzo, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy 2 Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy 3 Pharmacy Unit, S. Salvatore Hospital, Oncology Network ASL1 Abruzzo, L’Aquila, Italy 4 Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy 5 Pathology, S. Salva…