Search results for "LIPIDE"
showing 10 items of 532 documents
Impact of obesity on the oro-sensory detection of dietary lipids in mice and humans
2013
Gustation is an essential parameter in the oro-sensory detection of dietary lipids. In mice and most likely in humans, the binding of long-chain fatty acids to the CD36 receptor plays a major role in this oral fat detection. Gustation is involved in the food choice (fat sensitivity) as well as in the preparation of the body to the fat inflow. This oral lipid sensing is highly regulated. As obesity seems to be responsible for an alteration of the basic tastes detection, the aim of this thesis was to investigate whether obesity can impair the oral lipid detection in both mice and humans. In humans, our data show that there is an alteration of the oral fat detection in some obese subjects who …
The Role of Nutraceuticals in Statin Intolerant Patients.
2018
Abstract Statins are the most common drugs administered for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, due to statin-associated muscle symptoms, adherence to statin therapy is challenging in clinical practice. Certain nutraceuticals, such as red yeast rice, bergamot, berberine, artichoke, soluble fiber, and plant sterols and stanols alone or in combination with each other, as well as with ezetimibe, might be considered as an alternative or add-on therapy to statins, although there is still insufficient evidence available with respect to long-term safety and effectiveness on cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. These nutraceuticals could exert significant lipid-lowering activ…
Venous Thrombosis Associated with HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
2013
Abstract Among the various hypolipidemic drugs, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (also known as "statins") belong to a heterogeneous class of compounds, sharing an identical hypocholesterolemic effect that develops through direct inhibition of a rate-limiting step in endogenous cholesterol synthesis. Their mechanism of action entails competitive inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. Several lines of evidence suggest that the pleiotropic effects of statins may also play a role in prevention of venous thrombosis, wherein hypercholesterolemic patients are characterized by enhanced thrombin generation, increased susceptibility to endothelial dysfunction and plate…
Worldwide burden of LDL cholesterol: Implications in cardiovascular disease
2020
Abstract Background and aim an increased value of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is now universally considered a major cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. LDL-C is included in the vast majority of worldwide cardiovascular risk prediction algorithms, as well as in the guidelines for cardiovascular risk prevention. We aimed to provide an overview of the worldwide adverse healthcare impact of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Methods and results Data on the epidemiologic burden of LDL-C >1.3 mmol/L were retrieved from Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) registry. The current burden is 94.92 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), with an exponential increas…
Peroxisome proliferators and peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) as regulators of lipid metabolism.
1997
Peroxisome proliferation (PP) in mammalian cells, first described 30 years ago, represents a fascinating field of modern research. Major improvements made in its understanding were obtained through basic advances that have opened up new areas in cell biology, biochemistry and genetics. A decade after the first report on PP, a new metabolic pathway (peroxisomal beta-oxidation) and its inducibility by peroxisome proliferators were discovered. More recently, a new type of nuclear receptor, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), has been described. The first PPAR was discovered in 1990. Since then, many other PPARs have been characterized. This original class of nuclear receptor…
Metabolic syndrome and its association with fatty liver disease after orthotopic liver transplantation
2012
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) might contribute to morbidity after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). For this reason, we searched for MetS-associated risk factors and analyzed the link with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in OLT recipients. De novo MetS affected 32.9% of our cohort (n = 170) within 2 years after OLT. Multivariate analysis identified glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels ≥5% [odds ratio (OR) = 3.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.56-8.13, P = 0.003], diabetes mellitus (OR = 4.31, CI = 1.69-10.99, P = 0.002), and arterial hypertension (OR = 4.59, CI = 1.46-14.49, P = 0.009) as independent risk factors for de novo MetS. MetS incidence correlated with steroid do…
Controlling Diabetes After Liver Transplantation: Room for Improvement.
2016
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness with great impact on long-term outcome after liver transplantation (LT). Despite this, the current level of glycemic control and quality of screening strategies for diabetes-associated conditions that are being provided to liver transplant recipients with diabetes have not yet been assessed. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional, multicenter study that included 344 liver transplant recipients and examined the level of glycemic control and its associated factors, as well as the quality of screening strategies for diabetes-associated conditions. RESULTS Seventy-five patients (21.8%) suffered from diabetes before transplantation, and 82 (23.8%…
Lipīdus pazeminošās terapijas efektivitāte Latvijas Ģimenes hiperholesterinēmijas reģistra pacientiem: pēcpārbaudes dati
2019
Ģimenes hiperholesterinēmija (ĢH) ir bieži sastopama, pārmantojama slimība, kas raksturojas ar izteikti palielinātu zema-blīvuma lipoproteīnu holesterīna (ZBLH) līmeni kopš bērnības. Tā izraisa agrīnu koronāru sirds slimību, kuras pirmā izpausme bieži ir miokarda infarkts vai pēkšņa koronāra nāve. Hipolipidemizējoša terapija ir ārstēšanas stūrakmens, bet ņemot vērā izteikti palielinātu ZBLH koncentrāciju, tā mērķa sasniegšana ir apgrūtinoša un nereti neiespējama. Mērķis: Raksturot hipolipidemizējošas terapijas efektivitāti ĢH pacientiem pirms un pēc iekļaušanas Latvijas Ģimenes hiperholesterinēmijas reģistrā (LĢHR). Metodes: Tika analizēta informācija par LĢHR pacientiem, kuri vērsās vai bi…
Circulating markers of retinal and optic nerve lipids
2013
Purpose Blood lipids are frequently used as a surrogate of lipid composition of peripheral tissues. Even if it is well accepted, such a relationship has never been clearly demonstrated for the eye. The aim of this study was to determine in human samples whether a lipidomic approach based on red blood cells could reveal associations between circulating and ocular lipid profiles. Methods Red blood cells, retinas and optic nerves were collected from 9 human donors. The lipidomic analyses on these tissues were done by both, gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to an electrospray ionization source-mass spectrometer (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Results Gas chromatographic approach did not show…
Identification of a circulating biomarker highly associated to retinal omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content: the BLISAR project
2019
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