Search results for "Lactation"
showing 10 items of 144 documents
Endocrine and ovarian response after a 2-day controlled suckling and eCG treatment in lactating rabbit does.
2006
Synchronization methods are used to obtain higher fertility when artificial insemination (AI) is applied to lactating rabbit does. The most common methods are eCG administration or temporary doe–litter separation. Nevertheless, drawbacks have been reported, such as negative side effects of hormonal treatment in the doe and low litter growth due to absence of suckling, respectively. Recently, improved reproductive performance (without visible consequences on young rabbit growth), has been obtained by applying a 2-day controlled nursing method before AI, by allowing for a 10 min nursing of the litter 24 h of separation. The present study was undertaken to examine the pituitary (PRL, LH, FSH) …
Effects of Diets Supplemented with Medicinal Mushroom Myceliated Grains on Some Production, Health, and Oxidation Traits of Dairy Ewes
2019
The beneficial properties of mushrooms’ bioactive compounds indicate their potential for use as performance-enhancing natural additives for livestock animals. A study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of diets supplemented with mushroom myceliated grains (MMGs) fed to dairy ewes on intestinal parasite load, milk production, milk fatty acid (FA) composition, and cheese oxidative stability. During an 8-week experimental period, 21 lactating Valle del Belice ewes were divided into 3 groups named MMG20, MMG10, and MMG0. Ewes in each group were fed hay ad libitum and 1.3 kg/day/head of 1 of 3 concentrates with MMGs at 20% (MMG20), 10% (MMG10), or 0% (MMG0). The ewes fed MMG20 had comparable…
Glutathione metabolism under the influence of hydroperoxides in the lactating mammary gland of the rat. Effect of glucose and extracellular ATP.
1987
Tert-butyl hydroperoxide decreases GSH and total free glutathione (GSH+2GSSG) contents of acini from lactating mammary glands. The decrease in total free glutathione can be explained by an increase in mixed disulfide formation and by excretion of GSS G to the extracellular medium, and subsequent degradation catalyzed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Low concentrations of glucose prevented the changes in glutathione levels induced by the peroxide. In the presence of extracellular ATP, glucose did not prevent these changes. However, incubations with the peroxide, did not alter the rate of other metabolic pathways by acini.
Variation of proteomic profile during lactation in Girgentana goat milk: a preliminary study
2019
The knowledge of milk proteome has been greatly enhanced by technological advances in the proteomics field as the use of the two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis, a gel-based approach which allowed the analysis of proteins from complex mixtures and the comparing of several protein samples in the same experiment. The aim of this study was to characterise the whole milk proteomic profile in Girgentana dairy goat breed by two-dimensional differential in-gel elecrophoresis. The obtained representative 2D whole milk proteomic map showed a general picture of the protein distributions over the pH 3–10 NL including about 100 spots, most of them organised like a spot train. Among diff…
Proteins in preterm and term milk from mothers delivering appropriate or small-for-gestational age infants.
1986
The concentrations of total protein, secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactotransferrin (LTF) and serum albumin (SA) were measured in sequential samples of colostrum, transitional and mature milk from 53 mothers divided into four groups according to gestational age and birthweight of their infants. Individual proteins were determined by single radial immunodiffusion. From the covariance analysis of data controlling for the day of lactation and the milk volume it was found that these covariables were significantly negative correlated with total protein and IgA. The concentration of LTF was also significantly negative correlated with the day but positively with the volume; whereas the contrar…
Human neonates prefer colostrum to mature milk: Evidence for an olfactory bias toward the "initial milk"?
2021
International audience; OBJECTIVES: Colostrum is the initial milk secretion which ingestion by neonates warrants their adaptive start in life. Colostrum is accordingly expected to be attractive to newborns. The present study aims to assess whether colostrum is olfactorily attractive for 2-day-old newborns when presented against mature milk or a control. METHODS: The head-orientation of waking newborns was videotaped in three experiments pairing the odors of: (a) colostrum (sampled on postpartum day 2, not from own mother) and mature milk (sampled on average on postpartum day 32, not from own mother) (n tested newborns = 15); (b) Colostrum and control (water; n = 9); and (c) Mature milk and …
EFFECT OF A 48H DELAYED INSEMINATION WITH OR WITHOUT A 48H DOE-LITTER SEPARATION ON PERFORMANCE OF NON-RECEPTIVE RABBIT DOES
2010
[EN] The effectiveness of delayed artificial insemination (DAI) of non-receptive (R-) does, with or without oestrus synchronisation by doe-litter separation (MLS), was studied and compared with receptive (R+) does. During 10 months, 105 NZW does, in three homogeneous groups (A, B, C), were artificially inseminated (Al) according to a 42-day reproduction rhythm in two batches. Every 21 days, two Al were effected, the second 48 hours alter the first. The R+ does of ali groups were inseminated al the first Al, while the R- does were treated, in relation to theirgroup, as follows: inseminated at the first Al (A); 48-hour DAI (B); 48-hour MLS by closing the nestbox before Al, when lactating, and…
Detection of genomic regions underlying milk production traits in Valle del Belice dairy sheep using regional heritability mapping
2021
The aim of this study was to identify genomic regions underlying milk production traits in the Valle del Belice dairy sheep using regional heritability mapping (RHM). Repeated measurements for milk yield (MY), fat percentage and yield (F% and FY) and protein percentage and yield (P% and PY), collected over a period of six years (2006-2012) on 481 Valle del Belice ewes, were used for the analysis. Animals were genotyped with the Illumina 50k SNP chip. Variance components, heritabilities, and repeatability within and across lactations were estimated, fitting parity, litter size, season of lambing, and fortnights in milk, as fixed; and additive genetic, permanent environment within and across …
Effect of controlled nursing with one-day fasting on rabbit doe performance.
2008
This work studied whether the expected better subsequent reproduction for permanent controlled nursing versus free nursing could be further improved by a caloric biostimulation with temporary fasting and re-feeding of does before artificial insemination (AI) and how it influences the development of current litters. A total of 240 females were randomly assigned at first day of lactation to one of three groups each with 80 does in a balanced manner according to the number of kits, litter weight, newborn kit weight after adjusting to 8 rabbits per litter, doe body weight and parity. Rabbits in the control group (C) were fed ad libitum and nursed freely up to weaning at 35 days of age. In the g…
A trade-off between current and future sex allocation revealed by maternal energy budget in a small mammal.
2011
Sex-allocation theories generally assume differential fitness costs of raising sons and daughters. Yet, experimental confirmation of such costs is scarce and potential mechanisms are rarely addressed. While the most universal measure of physiological costs is energy expenditure, only one study has related the maternal energy budget to experimentally controlled offspring sex. Here, we experimentally test this in the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) by simultaneously manipulating the litter's size and sex ratio immediately after birth. Two weeks after manipulation, when mothers were at the peak of lactation and were pregnant with concurrent litters, we assessed their energy budget. We found that …