Search results for "Lava"
showing 10 items of 456 documents
Assessment of local cellular immunity in lung cancer by bronchoalveolar lavage.
1990
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most malignant of the pulmonary neoplasms and is associated with a poor local cellular immune response. 16 patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 11 patients with SCLC underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the lung which harbored the tumor in order to investigate the lymphocyte surface antigens utilizing the immunoperoxidase technique. Analysis of blood lymphocytes was performed in parallel. 8 patients with previous sarcoidosis in complete remission who underwent BAL and 10 normal blood donors served as controls. Among blood lymphocytes the CD3+, CD4+ and CD16+ cell populations were elevated significantly and the T4/T8 ratio was elevate…
Asthmatic changes in mice lacking T-bet are mediated by IL-13
2005
Mice with a targeted deletion of the T-bet gene exhibit spontaneous airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), airway inflammation, enhanced recovery of T(h)2 cytokines from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, sub-epithelial collagen deposition and myofibroblast transformation. Here we analyze the mechanisms responsible for the chronic airway remodeling observed in these mice. CD4+ T cells isolated from the lung of T-bet-deficient mice were spontaneously activated CD44(high)CD69(high) memory T cells, with a typical T(h)2 cytokine profile. Neutralization of IL-13 but not IL-4 resulted in amelioration of AHR in airways of mice lacking T-bet. IL-13 blockade also led to reduced eosinophilia and decreased vime…
A method to enable the investigation of murine bronchial immune cells, their cytokines and mediators.
2007
Innovative therapies for severe lung diseases (such as allergic and chronic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or any type of lung cancer) require a detailed understanding of the cellular and immune processes in the lung. This protocol details a method to obtain the immune cells of the bronchi as well as the cytokines and mediators produced by these cells for further investigation. The broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is taken by injecting physiological solution through the tracheal tube into the murine airways and carefully regained by winding up the connected syringe. After centrifugation, the resulting BALF supernatant can be stored for detection of cytokines or other medi…
Local blockade of IL-6R signaling induces lung CD4+ T cell apoptosis in a murine model of asthma via regulatory T cells.
2007
We previously reported high levels of the soluble form of the IL-6R (sIL-6R) in the airways of asthmatic subjects. Here, we analyzed the IL-6R effects on Th2 cell survival in the lung by locally antagonizing sIL-6R-mediated trans-signaling with a designer fusion protein (gp130-Fc) as well as IL-6R signaling with an antibody against the gp80 unit of the IL-6R (alphaIL-6R) in a murine model of asthma after ovalbumin peptide (OVA) sensitization and challenge. Blockade of the sIL-6R led to a significant decrease in inflammatory cells by an apoptosis-independent mechanism. In contrast, local treatment with alphaIL-6R antibodies that also block signaling via the membrane-bound IL-6R (mIL-6R) led …
TLR4 and NOD1 increase in stable COPD of increasing severity. Relationship with tissutal bacterial load
2016
Background: The immune host response related to bacterial and viral infections in the airways and lung of COPD patients is unclear. Objectives: To investigate the expression of anti-bacterial and anti-viral antigens in bronchial biopsies and lung parenchyma of stable COPD patients in relation to bacterial load. Methods: Immunohistochemical (IHC) and qRT-PCR-expression of TLR2-3-4-7-8-9, NOD1, NOD2, MYD88, TRIF, TIRAP, pIRAK1, IRAK4, IRF3, pIRF3, IRF7, pIRF7, RIG1, MDA5, LGP2, MAVS, STING, DAI, IFNα and IFNβ was measured in bronchial mucosa in patients with mild/moderate (n=16), severe/very severe (n=18) stable COPD, control smokers (n=12) and control non-smokers (n=12). Selected relevant an…
Two-Armed Activation of Bone Mineral Deposition by the Flavones Baicalin and Baicalein, Encapsulated in Polyphosphate Microparticles
2017
In this study, we investigated the effect of the two flavonoids, baicalin (baicalein 7-O-[Formula: see text]- d-glucuronic acid) and its aglycone, baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone), after encapsulation into amorphous calcium polyphosphate (Ca-polyP) microparticles on mineralization of primary human osteoblasts (phOSB). Both flavonoids, which come from root extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and are nontoxic in cells up to a concentration of 3[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/ml. The morphogenetically active, energy-rich Ca-polyP particles with a stoichiometric P:Ca ratio of 1:2 are degraded by cellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) to…
Plant regeneration from isolated cells ofLavandula latifolia medicus
1988
Single cells were obtained from hypocotyl-derived callus ofLavandula latifolia Medicus. Cells were plated in Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with indoleacetic acid (IAA), benzyladenine (BA), and several IAA-BA combinations. Cell division required the simultaneous presence of IAA and BA in the culture medium, but callus formation was only achieved with 0.1 or 1 mg/liter IAA and 2 mg/liter BA. To induce organogenesis, calli were transferred to various regeneration media. Shoot-bud differentiation efficiency depended on the composition of both the callus induction and the shoot regeneration media, best results being obtained when calli grown in 1 mg/liter IAA and 2 mg/liter BA were sub…
Anti-tumor activity of CpG-ODN aerosol in mouse lung metastases
2013
Studies in preclinical models have demonstrated the superior anti-tumor effect of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) when administered at the tumor site rather than systemically. We evaluated the effect of aerosolized CpG-ODN on lung metastases in mice injected with immunogenic N202.1A mammary carcinoma cells or weakly immunogenic B16 melanoma cells. Upon reaching the bronchoalveolar space, aerosolized CpG-ODN activated a local immune response, as indicated by production of IL-12p40, IFN-γ and IL-1β and by recruitment and maturation of DC cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice. Treatment with aerosolized CpG-ODN induced an expansion of CD4+ cells in lung and was more efficacious tha…
Lavandula angustifolia Essential Oil and Linalool Counteract Social Aversion Induced by Social Defeat
2018
Many vegetable extracts, essential oils, and their main constituents are active on the Central Nervous System (CNS). In fact, they have been used as sedatives, hypnotics, or tranquilizers for their activity in treating CNS disorders. In this research, we studied the possible activities of Lavandula angustifolia (LA) essential oil and of its main constituent, linalool, as anti-stress compounds on anxiety and social interaction and their in vitro effects on proteins (pERK and PKA) involved in the transmission of the signal. An acute intraperitoneal injection of linalool (100 mg/kg) and of LA essential oil (200 mg/kg) reduced motor activity without any anxiolytic effect, but significantly incr…
A Novel Strategy to Study Electrostatic Effects in Chemical Reactions: Differences between the Role of Solvent and the Active Site of Chalcone Isomer…
2015
The electrostatic behavior of active site residues in enzyme catalysis is quite different from that of water molecules in solution. To highlight the electrostatic differences between both environments, we propose a QM/MM strategy to study the role of the environment in chemical reactions. The novelty of the present communication is that free energy surfaces are generated by means of two distinguished reaction coordinates: a solute coordinate and the electrostatic potential created by the environment. This is applied to analyze the origin of catalysis in the transformation of a chalcone into a flavanone, a Michael addition that requires the desolvation of the nucleophile.